scholarly journals CURRENT DATA ON COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF TRAWL MACROZOOBENTHOS IN THE RUSSIAN WATERS OF THE JAPAN SEA

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Kolpakov ◽  
I. A. Korneichuk ◽  
V. A. Nadtochy
Keyword(s):  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Snow Crab ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
Southern Primorye ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
Average Biomass

The bottom trawl survey (430 stations) was conducted over the shelf and continental slope in the Russian sector of the Japan Sea (total depth range 10–750 m) on April 1 — July 8, 2015. In total, 211 taxa of invertebrates were recorded in the trawl catches. Most of them belonged to sea stars (36), shrimps (32), gastropods (27), bivalves (23), crabs and craboids (11), polychaetes (11), coral polyps (10), and sponges (10). The total biomass of macrozoobenthos in the surveyed area was assessed as 1572.5 . 103 t (136.6 . 103 t in Peter the Great Bay, 341.5 . 103 t at southern Primorye, 686.0 . 103 t at northern Primorye, and 408.4 . 103 t at western Sakhalin) that was higher than the mean long-term level. The total stock of commercial invertebrates was assessed as 630.0 . 103 t. Its highest portion (265.2 . 103 t or 42.1 %) was concentrated in the western Tatar Strait. The average biomass of macrozoobenthos was 13.5 ± 1.1 g/m2 , including 6.3 ± 0.5 g/m2 of commercial species. The most abundant groups were basket stars (372.2 . 103 t), crabs (231.6 . 103 t), shrimp (226.9 . 103 t), sponges (182.9 . 103 t), sea lilies (167.5 . 103 t), sea stars (77.2 . 103 t), sea urchins (59.0 . 103 t), craboids (48.7 . 103 t), and bivalves (49.5 . 103 t). Vertical distribution of both total and commercial benthos was distinguished by peaks on the upper shelf (10–50 m) and upper slope (300–400 m). Over the surveyed northern Japan Sea waters, 18 biocoenotic complexes of trawl macrozoobenthos were identified. The largest area was occupied by the complex of immobile sestonophagous sea lily Heliometra glacialis (131 stations in the depth range of 104–692 m with average biomass 5.5 g/m2 ), other wide-spread complexes were those of polyphagous snow crab Chionoecetes opilio (71 stations, 27–552 m, 4.4 g/m2 ), mobile sestonophagous basket star Gorgonocephalus eucnemis (40 stations, 58–372 m, 6.6 g/m2 ), and polyphagous fawn sea urchin Strongylocentrotus pallidus (40 stations, 17–351 m, 4.7 g/m2 ).

scholarly journals Modern state of bottom and demersal fish resources in the Russian waters of the Japan Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Kalchugin ◽  
Maxim I. Boyko ◽  
Sergey F. Solomatov ◽  
Emilia P. Chernienko
Keyword(s):  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Southern Primorye ◽  
Bathymetric Distribution ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Russian Waters

Results of the bottom trawl survey conducted over the shelf and continental slope in the Russian waters of the Japan Sea from Peter the Great Bay to the Soya Strait in the period from March 31 to July 8, 2015 are presented. Species composition, biomass and spatial and bathymetric distribution of benthic and demersal fish are determined. Bulk of the biomass (> 90 %) was formed by 4 families: gadids, flounders, sculpins, and herrings. The species structure varied considerably by areas: pollock and plain sculpin dominated in Peter the Great Bay, pollock and sealyeye plaice - at southern Primorye beyond the Bay, herring - at northern Primorye, and sealyeye plaice and longsnout flounder - at southwestern Sakhalin. The highest density of distribution was recorded in Peter the Great Bay at the depths 500-700 m - 26.8 t/km², with domination of pollock, the lowest density was at southern Primorye in the depth range of 700-800 m - 2.4 t/km² with domination of sealyeye plaice. Peter the Great Bay was surveyed in conditions of winter distribution of fish distinguished by their high concentrations at the continental slope; their shift towards lower depths was observed at Primorye coast, and almost summer type of bathymetric distribution with the high concentrations on the shelf was found at southwestern Sakhalin. The biomass of benthic and demersal fish has increased slightly in compare with the 1980-1990s.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF PETER THE GREAT BAY DISCOVER AND OCEANOGRAPHIC SURVEYS IN THE JAPAN SEA TILL THE MIDDLE 20TH CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
G. V. Khen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Golden Horn ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Japan Sea

Peter the Great Bay (PGB) was not known to Europeans for a long time. The first European ship reached PGB in 1852. She was the French corvette Capricieuse commanded by captain G. de Rocquemaurel who was sent by his government for exploring the western coast of the Japan Sea; actually he had described the Posyet Bay only. Later the British HMS Winchester and Barracuda visited PGB in August, 1856. They discovered the Golden Horn Bay, them as Port May, and gave names to many other geographical locations. Large Russian expedition of 7 vessels was sent to Primorye coast under the leadership of N.N. Muravyov-Amursky, the Governor-General of Eastern Siberia, in the summer of 1859. They described thoroughly the entire PGB and changed many (not all) foreign geographical names to Russian ones. Scientific researches in the Japan Sea were started soon by L.I. Schrenk, who summarized the results of Russian observations in two books published in 1869 and 1874. Great success in understanding of oceanographic regime was the work of S.O. Makarov «The «Vitiaz» and the Pacific Ocean» (1894). S. Ogura created in 1927 the general chart of currents in the Japan Sea on the base of Japanese observations in 1900–1911 that was more detailed and comprehensive than the first chart of L.I. Shrenk. Moreover, S. Ogura plotted the water temperature and salinity distribution over the whole Japan Sea for February and August. Oceanographic studies in PGB were made in 1920s by K.A. Gomoyunov, the first professional oceanographer who lived constantly in the Russian Far East; he began from the Amur Bay survey in the summer of 1925. The USSR Hydrographic Office conducted the oceanographic survey in PGB and the Tatar Strait in 1926–1928, with measuring of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content, pH, and water transparency, with the deepest measurements at the depth of 3500 m. In 1932, the Pacific Res. Inst. of Fisheries in Vladivostok together with the State Hydrographic Institute in Leningrad organized the large-scale Pacific expedition that covered all Far-Eastern Seas. In the framework of this expedition, the 5 cruises of RV Rossinante to the Japan Sea headed by N.I. Tarasov explored PGB, too, that allowed to analyze seasonal variations of temperature, salinity, oxygen content, and currents. Oceanographic researches in the Japan Sea became more active in the times of WWII, 4 small research vessels made observations at Primorye coast every month from April to October under general supervision of A.M. Batalin; in total, more than 100 exits to the sea were recorded in 1941–1946. The data collected in those years was the basis for the big atlas of the Japan Sea created under the leadership of A.I. Rumyantsev and published in 1951.

scholarly journals Feeding and food relations of mass species of sculpins (Cottidae, Pisces) in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea) in summer

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-203
Author(s):  
Olga I. Pushchina ◽  
Sergey F. Solomatov ◽  
Pavel V. Kalchugin ◽  
Ludmila L. Budnikova
Keyword(s):  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Snow Crab ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Chionoecetes Opilio ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
Trophic Niches

Feeding and competitive relationships are considered qualitatively and quantitatively for 9 common species of sculpins (Cottidae) on the data of bottom-trawl surveys of the shelf and upper continental slope of Peter the Great Bay conducted in June-September of 2002-2009. Most of these species are facultative predators (elkhorn sculpin Alcichthys elongatus , blackedged sculpin Gymnocanthus herzensteini , plain sculpin Myoxocephalus jaok , snowy sculpin M. brandti , and great sculpin M. polyacanthocephalus ), two of them are euryphages (thorny sculpin Icelus cataphractus and graypurple sculpin G. detrisus ), and two other are benthophages (antlered sculpin Enophrys diceraus is benthophagous polyphage and thread sculpin G. pistilliger is benthofagous worm-feeder). Daily ration of these species is estimated as 2.4-3.6 % of body weight, with exception of antlered sculpin that is distinguished by lower feeding intensity (on average 1.0 % per day) due to features of its physiology. Food competition between sculpins is estimated as very low, at least in summer feeding season. Cases of significant overlapping of trophic niches noted for the predatory species, as common consumption of echiuran Echiurus echiurus and snow crab Chionoecetes opilio , are reasoned by high abundance and availability of these prey, not by real competition.

scholarly journals Long-term changes of the thermal characteristics in the Japan Sea surface water and peter the great bay and their relationship with large-scale climatic processes

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
G. V. Khen ◽  
E. I. Ustinova ◽  
Yu. D. Sorokin ◽  
L. Yu. Matyushenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
The Japan Sea

Analysis of the long-period changes of the surface thermal characteristics in the Japan Sea, including the ice cover of Peter the Great Bay, was carried on the basis of the regional databases formed from open sources. The relationship of the observed changes with large-scale processes characterized by well-known climatic indices was investigated. It was revealed that surface temperature changes in the Japan Sea, its Northern part and in Peter the Great Bay in winter and summer occur synchronously. In the new century (2001–2017), the growth rate of the sea surface temperature slowed down in comparison with the last 25 years of the 20th century. The most influential in these areas were the large-scale processes, which are characterized by the index of the Siberian anticyclone and the West Pacific index. We also analyzed the sustainability of the statistical relationships between regional thermal characteristics and large-scale climate indices. Special attention was paid to the change in the character of the relationships at different time periods. The pronounced rearrangements of the linkages accompanied by a change in the sign of the correlation coefficients corresponded to the well known climatic regime shifts in most of the cases under study. The most notable restructuring occurred in 1988/89.

scholarly journals Long-term dynamics of biomass and dominant species of the bottom fish complex in Peter the Great Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
P. V. Kalchugin
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Great Bay ◽  
Bottom Fish

Dynamics of demersal fish biomass is considered on results of trawl surveys conducted in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea) in 1977-2015. Fishery did not have a significant impact on this complex of fish species, including both fluctuating species (walleye pollock, arabesque greenling, pacific herring) and species with stable stock, because of low intensity. Annual landings in the bay were much lower than recommended volumes (TAC). However, a tendency to the total biomass decreasing was observed, accompanied with growth of the sculpins (Cottidae) portion in the ratio of species biomass. The sculpins prey on juveniles of many other species, so maybe their higher abundance was one of reasons for general depletion of the benthic fish community. Other predators, as marine mammals, were not abundant in Peter the Great Bay. For rational resource management, the fishery impact should be distributed proportionally between populations, taking into account their state, so both traditional commercial objects and predators with growing abundance should be landed. This ecosystem approach requires permanent monitoring to all groups of fish species.

scholarly journals Growth and survival of the hatchery larvae of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas under different concentrations of microalgae and salinity in conditions of southern Primorye

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-734
Author(s):  
A. S. Tabelskaya ◽  
M. V. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Pacific Oyster ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Southern Primorye ◽  
Chaetoceros Muelleri ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference

Growth and survival rates for larvae of pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) hatched in artificial conditions are estimated for the stages of development from D-veliger to pediveliger. The experiment was conducted in the Mariculture Center located on Popov Island (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea) for 2 regimes of feeding and water salinity of 26 and 32 ppt. Microalgae Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultivated in the Mariculture Center were used as a feed in both regimes, in different concentrations. The maximum concentration was 4-fold higher than the minimum one: daily doses of food were 20 and 5 thousand cells/mL for veligers, 40 and 10 thousand cells/mL for early veliconkhes, and 80 and 20 thousand cells/mL for late veliconkhes, respectively, whereas 80 thousand cells/mL for all larvae in transition to pediveliger stage. Statistically significant difference of the growth rate was found for cases with different food concentration (p < 0.05). The larvae with better feeding had higher growth rate under salinity of both 26 and 32 ppt. Besides, the lowered salinity (26 ppt) had some positive effect for growth in the regime of better feeding. Survival rate of the larvae from D-veliger to pediveliger was high under all regimes of the experiment and was estimated for the minimal diet as 77.4 and 64.7 % under salinity of 26 and 32 ppt, respectively, and for the maximum diet as 81.2 and 80.7 % under salinity of 26 and 32 ppt, respectively. According to the experiment results, deficit of food at early stages of the oyster larval development affects negatively on their growth but does not have significant impact on their survival.

Ecological Condition of Diatoms Flora in Holocene Sediments of Razdolnaya River (Far East of Russia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1475-1478
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Elbakidze
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
River Terrace ◽  
Southern Primorye ◽  
Holocene Climatic Optimum ◽  
The Japan Sea ◽  
Holocene Sediments

The ecological structure of diatoms communities was researched from sediments of the First Razdolnaya river terrace (Southern Primorye). The obtained data allowed to establish climatic rhythmics and the related transgression-regression cycles, are typical for the area of researches. The analysis of the replacement lagoon-marine diatoms complexes by lacustrine, alluvial and marsh ones allow us to establish the amplitudes of the Japan Sea fluctuations and ingression penetration into river valley. The maximum of the ingression penetration (up to 23 km from sea-shore) toward river-valley corresponds to Holocene climatic optimum. The sea level could exceed modern on +3m at this time and influenced on the coastline formation.

Biology and Management of Dogfish Sharks

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spiny Dogfish ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Elasmobranch Species ◽  
Elasmobranch Fishes

Abstract.—Data on two shark species, collected in the frame of the European Union program Mediterranean International Trawl Survey Program, are analyzed and reported. Indices of summer abundance per standardized area (per km2) in weight and number are available for both species since 1994 along the European Mediterranean coasts (from the Alboran to the Aegean seas). The studied area, with depths ranging from 10 to 800 m, was divided into five depth strata. Data of 10,000 hauls were analyzed and 44 elasmobranch species identified. The estimated comprehensive standing biomass of elasmobranch fishes within the explored area was 55,000 mt (mt); spiny dogfish <em>Squalus acanthias </em>was one of the most abundant species with an estimated biomass of 6,700 mt, while longnose spiny dogfish <em>S. blainvillei</em>, with about 1,500 mt, represents only 3% of the total biomass. The mean density of spiny dogfish was significantly different between the Mediterranean eastern basin (22.7 kg/km2) and western basin (only 0.8 kg/km2). On the contrary, longnose spiny dogfish shows higher density in the western basin (6.6 kg/km2) than in the eastern one (1.7 kg/km2). However, the spatial distribution of both species is fairly confined; spiny dogfish was caught in only 5% of the tows and longnose spiny dogfish in 3%. Even if the depth range of presence for both species spreads from less than 50 m to more than 700 m, the abundance indexes suggest a major presence in the coastal areas for spiny dogfish. This statement is based primarily on the high densities of the mentioned species in shallow waters of the northern Adriatic Sea; elsewhere the main concentrations are always positioned in the 200–500 m depth range.

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