A Review on New Era of Solar Power Systems: Floatovoltaic Systems or Floating Solar Power Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yasmeena ◽  
◽  
G Tulasi Ram Das ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
New Era ◽  
Solar Power Plants

scholarly journals The Role of Local Citizen Energy Communities in the Road to Carbon-Neutral Power Systems: Outcomes from a Case Study in Portugal

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 840-863
Author(s):  
Hugo Algarvio
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Neutral

Global warming contributes to the worldwide goal of a sustainable carbon-neutral society. Currently, hydroelectric, wind and solar power plants are the most competitive renewable technologies. They are limited to the primary resource availability, but while hydroelectric power plants (HPPs) can have storage capacity but have several geographical limitations, wind and solar power plants have variable renewable energy (VRE) with stochastic profiles, requiring a substantially higher investment when equipped with battery energy storage systems. One of the most affordable solutions to compensate the stochastic behaviour of VRE is the active participation of consumers with demand response capability. Therefore, the role of citizen energy communities (CECs) can be important towards a carbon-neutral society. This work presents the economic and environmental advantages of CECs, by aggregating consumers, prosumers and VRE at the distribution level, considering microgrid trades, but also establishing bilateral agreements with large-scale VRE and HPPs, and participating in electricity markets. Results from the case-study prove the advantages of CECs and self-consumption. Currently, CECs have potential to be carbon-neutral in relation to electricity consumption and reduce consumers’ costs with its variable term until 77%. In the future, electrification may allow CECs to be fully carbon-neutral, if they increase their flexibility portfolio.

Performance of the SSPS Solar Power Plants at Almeria

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Wettermark
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
International Energy Agency ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Receiver System ◽  
Solar Power Plants

The article summarizes the results of the operation of the two solar power plants of the SSPS project (Small Solar Power Systems) at Almeria, carried out within the framework of the International Energy Agency. The two power plants were built side by side in order to compare two thermal-electric techniques, one being a distributed collector system (DCS) with arrays of parabolic troughs and the other a central receiver system (CRS) with heliostats concentrating the sunlight onto the top of a tower. Each plant was constructed with a nominal capacity of 500 kWel and was expected to have a net yearly output on the order of 1 GWh.—Only the DCS plant was in operation sufficiently to enable an assessment of possible annual production of electricity. Through extrapolation one finds that the gross output of the built plant was maximal 0.25 GWh with an overall efficiency of 2.3 percent for a plant with 100 percent availability and no malfunctions. Internal electricity consumption correspondingly calculated amounts to 0.11 GWh resulting in only 0.14 GWh yearly net output. Using the experimental values from the CRS plant, it appears that its yearly gross output could have been similar to that of the DCS plant but at higher internal electricity consumption, particularly due to the trace heating of the heat transfer medium (sodium).—The technical reasons for the poor efficiency of the SSPS installation were largely that the solar climate was less favorable then assumed, dirt accumulated on the mirrors at a more rapid rate than foreseen, the nonsolar specific components were badly matched and yielded low efficiencies, and thermal inertia was crucial and almost overlooked in the planning stage.—A detailed loss analysis is presented in the article.

Methodology to Assess Potential Glint and Glare Hazards From Concentrating Solar Power Plants: Analytical Models and Experimental Validation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford K. Ho ◽  
Cheryl M. Ghanbari ◽  
Richard B. Diver
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Eye Damage ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Source Sample ◽  
Safety Metrics

With growing numbers of concentrating solar power systems being designed and developed, glint and glare from concentrating solar collectors and receivers is receiving increased attention as a potential hazard or distraction for motorists, pilots, and pedestrians. This paper provides analytical methods to evaluate the irradiance originating from specularly and diffusely reflecting sources as a function of distance and characteristics of the source. Sample problems are provided for both specular and diffuse sources, and validation of the models is performed via testing. In addition, a summary of safety metrics is compiled from the literature to evaluate the potential hazards of calculated irradiances from glint and glare. Previous safety metrics have focused on prevention of permanent eye damage (e.g., retinal burn). New metrics used in this paper account for temporary flash blindness, which can occur at irradiance values several orders of magnitude lower than the irradiance values required for irreversible eye damage.

Methodology to Assess Potential Glint and Glare Hazards From Concentrating Solar Power Plants: Analytical Models and Experimental Validation

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford K. Ho ◽  
Cheryl M. Ghanbari ◽  
Richard B. Diver
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Eye Damage ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Source Sample ◽  
Safety Metrics

With a growing number of concentrating solar power systems being designed and developed, the potential impact of glint and glare from concentrating solar collectors and receivers is receiving increased attention as a potential hazard or as a distraction for motorists, pilots, and pedestrians. This paper provides analytical methods to evaluate the irradiance originating from specularly and diffusely reflecting sources as a function of distance and characteristics of the source. Sample problems are provided for both specular and diffuse sources, and validation of the models is performed via testing. In addition, a summary of safety metrics is compiled from the literature to evaluate the potential hazards of calculated irradiances from glint and glare for short-term exposures. Previous safety metrics have focused on prevention of permanent eye damage (e.g., retinal burn). New metrics used in this paper account for temporary after-image, which can occur at irradiance values several orders of magnitude lower than the irradiance values required for irreversible eye damage.

scholarly journals The assessment of integration effects accounting the stochasticity of wind and solar power plants generation in the Asian Power Grid

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Trofimov ◽  
Ivan Trofimov
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electric Load ◽  
Stochastic Generation ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Total Integration

Electricity generation by wind and solar power plants (WPP and SPP) is characterized by the uncertainty of the time and generation volumes, and does not correlate with the demand determined by the graph of daily electric load. By using of the ORIRES optimization model, the integration effects associated with various scenarios of interstate power grid expansion are calculated. The stochastic generation of WPP and SPP creates a certain variation in the model solutions, but does not affect to the total integration effects. The article presents the calculations carried out on a large number of variations for wind and solar power generation. The stability (constancy) of total integration effects is shown, despite the stochastic generation of WPP and SPP in the considered energy power systems.

Impact of wind and solar power plants on the reliability of the IPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
V. A. Nepomnyashchiy
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Additional Fuel Consumption ◽  
Additional Fuel

One of the most promising areas in the development of the electric power industry is generally regarded to lie in expanding the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the electric energy balance of power systems in the form of wind and solar power plants (WPP and SPP), the saving of organic fuel (coal, gas, fuel oil) and the reduction of environmentally harmful emissions into the atmosphere considered to be their most important advantages. However, the impact of RES on the controllability of the modes of operation of electric power systems and on the reliability of the IPS operation remains quite unexplored.Currently, the global energy industry uses 318 million kW of WPP and about 142.4 million kW of SPP, of which the major West European countries account for about 227 million kW, or 49.3%. On average, wind and solar power plants account for almost 30% of the total generating capacity in Western Europe, with Denmark having the largest share of WPP (47%) and Germany having the highest share of SPP (18.6%). However, an uncontrolled growth in the share of WPP and SPP in the structure of generating capacities of power systems begins to manifest itself in a sharp decline in the reliability of the power industry due to the fact that a number of negative properties of WPP and SPP have not been taken into account (at least, to a sufficient extent), which manifested themselves in practice in a system accident in the UK power system that occurred on August 09, 2019, when, as a result of an "ordinary" short circuit, a system accident occurred, with up to 1.1 million consumers with a total load of 1690 MW disconnected from the power supply system for a period of 15 to 45 minutes. This is estimated to have resulted in economic losses for consumers amounting to 12.3–15.0 million USD.The reason for this is that the high sensitivity of WPP, SPP, CCGT and gas piston units to voltage and frequency drops is not properly considered in conditions of insufficient capacity of the rotating (mobile) generation reserve. Damage can be prevented by increasing the rotating reserve within the available reserve of the power system, which will require an increase in funds for maintaining the same due to additional fuel consumption. The ratio of reduction of probable damage to consumers and the cost of additional fuel consumption for maintenance of a required rotating reserve in the power system allows to economically substantiate the strategy and scale of introduction of renewable energy sources to the power industry. 

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