Prefacio a la edición en español de VB-MAPP

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Discrete Trial Training ◽  
Discrete Trial ◽  
Development Institute

En el contexto actual de diversificación del campo científico y profesional del análisis aplicado de conducta (ABA, por sus siglas en inglés) resulta casi inevitable para el estudiante y el profesional en ciernes (y no digamos para el familiar o usuario de servicios) la confusión causada por la diversidad de enfoques de los proveedores de servicios conductuales. En el ámbito de la intervención en personas con diagnóstico de autismo y otras necesidades educativas especiales ello es especialmente evidente. Algunos profesionales se adscriben al modelo UCLA en la tradición de O. I. Lovaas, otros siguen el enfoque basado en la conducta verbal (VB Approach), hay partidarios del modelo CABAS® de la Universidad de Columbia, o del currículum de Princeton Child Development Institute, hallamos también profesionales que enfatizan la enseñanza naturalizada (natural environmental teaching, NET), mientras otros se acogen a un uso más tradicional de la enseñanza con ensayos discretos (discrete trial training, DTT), aun otros abogan por una primacía de la enseñanza de la conducta vocal, en detrimento de quienes persiguen la adquisición de operantes verbales con un menor énfasis en la topografía vocal... Estos pocos ejemplos nos dan una idea de la creciente diversidad de enfoques en un ámbito de por si minoritario como es el análisis aplicado de conducta. La investigación empírica conductual, quizá excesivamente molecular hasta ahora, no ha podido aún mediar de forma efectiva en este pandemónium...

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Telehealth Direct Therapy for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Nohelty ◽  
Casey B. Bradford ◽  
Leah Hirschfeld ◽  
Christopher Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Discrete Trial Training ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Discrete Trial ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Behavior Analysts

The field of applied behavior analysis (ABA) has utilized telehealth for clinical supervision and caregiver consultation and has produced research providing evidence for the efficacy of both modalities. Research demonstrating effectiveness is crucial, as behavior analysts must ensure the services they provide are effective in order to be ethical. With the increased need for patients to access more telehealth direct services, the current study evaluated the efficacy of telehealth direct therapy to teach new skills to individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examined the utility of natural environment teaching and discrete trial training strategies provided over a videoconferencing platform to teach new skills directly to eight individuals with ASD. The skills acquired by each individual were taught solely through telehealth direct therapy and included skills in the language, adaptive, and social domains. In a multiple baseline design, all eight individuals acquired mastery for all targets; additionally, generalization was assessed to caregivers for some targets. The evidence suggests that telehealth is a modality that is effective and can be considered for all patients when assessing the appropriate location of treatment.

scholarly journals Ayrık Denemelerle Öğretim Yapılırken Kullanılan Hata Düzeltmesi Türleri

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2019-V1-I1) ◽  
pp. 28-56
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Discrete Trial Training ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Response Repetition ◽  
Discrete Trial ◽  
Repeated Response ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Single Response ◽  
Correction Strategies ◽  
Types Of Error

Öz Gelişimsel yetersizliği olan çocuklara farklı becerilerin öğretiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan ayrık denemelerle öğretim, ipuçlarını kullanarak doğru tepkileri artırmayı amaçlayan, doğru tepkilerin pekiştirilmesini ve yanlış tepkilerin düzeltilmesini içeren etkili bir uygulamadır. Ayrık denemelerle öğretimin temel bileşenlerinden biri, hataları düzelterek ileride bu hataların sergilenmesini azaltmayı amaçlayan hata düzeltmesidir. Hata düzeltmesi, öğretim sırasında çocuğun hata yapmasının hemen ardından, uygulamacının farklı şekillerde çocuğun hatasını düzeltmesidir. Ayrık denemelerle öğretimde hata düzeltmesi, farklı şekillerde gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Bunlardan bazıları; sözel geribildirim ya da hata ifadesi, kısa süreli mola, doğru tepki için model olma, tek tepki tekrarı/aktif öğrenci tepkisi, çok tepki tekrarı/tekrarlanan tepki, bağımsızlaşana kadar tekrar sunma, deneme tekrarı ve türlerin bir arada kullanımıdır. Derleme biçiminde hazırlanan bu makalenin amacı uygulamacılara, ayrık denemelerle öğretim hakkında kısa bir bilgilendirme yapmak ve bir bileşen olarak hata düzeltmesinin ne olduğunu ve neden önemli olduğunu açıklamaktır. Ayrıca ayrık denemelerle öğretim yaparken sıklıkla kullanılan hata düzeltmesi türlerini tanıtmak, hata düzeltmesi türlerini akış şemaları yoluyla kavramsallaştırmak, hata düzeltmesi türlerinin nasıl kullanılacağını örneklerle anlatmak ve bu hata düzeltmesi türlerini kullanarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmalar konusunda bilgilendirme yapmaktır. Abstract Discrete trial training is an effective intervention commonly used in teaching different skills to children with developmental disabilities. It aims to increase the correct responses using prompts, reinforcements, and error correction strategies. One of the main components of the discrete trial training is error correction, which aims to reduce errors in the future by correcting errors. In error correction, the instructor corrects the child’s error using different strategies immediately after the child makes a mistake during training. There are several types of error correction strategies commonly used in discrete trial training; (a) vocal feedback or error statement, (b) a brief time-out, (c) a model for the correct response, (d) single response repetition/active student response, (e) multi-response repetition/repeated response, (f) re-present until independent, (g) remove and re-present, and (h) the combination of the strategies. The purpose of this study is to provide a brief overview of discrete trial training, to explain the error correction procedures and their importance, to introduce the types of error correction strategies used in discrete trial training, to conceptualize error correction strategies through flowcharts, to explain how to use error correction strategies, and to inform about the error correction literature.

Teaching Discrete Trial Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Serna ◽  
Michelle M. Foran ◽  
Caroline Cooke ◽  
Kaitlyn E. Hurd ◽  
Ashley J. Tello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Trial Training ◽  
Discrete Trial
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