Discerning between Ambiguity and Ambivalence Using Range Responses

This brief note introduces the use of a range of responses rather than a single response for an opinion survey question. The methodological advantage of collecting this additional information is that it can help discern between ambiguity and ambivalence in situations where it is valuable to further investigate the nature of a respondent’s indecision.

Advancing the Industrial Sectors Participation in Demand Response within National Electricity Grids

Increasing the level and diversifying the sources of flexible capacity available to transmission system operators will be a pivotal factor for maintaining reliable control of national electricity grids. These response capacities are widely available; however, one area with large capacities that could benefit from advancements is the industrial sector. This sector’s highly regulated nature ensures that structured procedures and thorough investigations are required to implement significant change. This study presents a systematic methodology to effectively categorise assets and evaluate their perceived risk of participation in demand response, allowing industries to present a sustainable portfolio of flexible capacity to the grid. Following implementation on an internationally relevant industrial site, this methodology identified several assets for participation, determining that it is realistic to expect 35 to 75 kW of flexible capacity from only air handling units on a single site. A selected unit was further evaluated using an internal air-temperature modelling tool. This demonstrated its ability to respond safely to the actual 2019 and 2020 grid frequency events and even remain off, at no risk to the indoor thermal environment for at least 20 min in each case. The potential impact of advancing industrial participation is presented, with the highest scenario providing almost 15 MW of flexible capacity to the Irish national grid. The financial benefit achievable on a site from the most conservative assets was found to be between EUR 993 and EUR 2129 annually for a single response category and up to EUR 6563 based on payment multipliers. Overall, this research demonstrates the significant flexible capacities available within the industrial sector and illustrates the low-risk capabilities and considerable benefits achievable on a single site and for the wider national electricity grids with this concept.

Impact of Process Misconception in Becker-DeGroot-Marschak Single Response Value Elicitation Procedures: An Experimental Investigation in Consumer Behavior Using the IKEA Effect

Consumer researchers frequently employ valuation experiments to assess consumer opinions and test related hypotheses. One popular method used in many such experiments is the Becker- DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) single-response value elicitation procedure that initiates an incentive for the subjects to respond with their true valuation by utilizing a random bid to which the participants’ bid is compared. However, the “random bid” is not a straightforward concept, and the participants may not fully understand the mechanics of the bidding process. Therefore, they may incorrectly associate the bidding mechanism with a conventional auction bidding process in which the highest bidder wins, causing biased valuation outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a comprehension measurement step to eliminate the process comprehension bias in BDM valuation experiments. We also discuss the potential impact of the treatment of “zero” bidders in the BDM procedure. The present work shows that the size and statistical significance of past consumer research results are positively correlated with the participant comprehension of the valuation procedure. The results suggest that consumer research using a single-response value elicitation procedure, which initiates an incentive for the subjects to respond with their true valuation, may not be trusted if the comprehension level is not controlled.

Exploring Camp Policies and Leadership Opinions on Digital Media Use in Camps

While summer camps provide children a unique experience away from home, this environment may lead to increased and unsupervised use of digital media. Camps’ policies and leaderships’ views on digital media consumption in camps are currently unknown. To elucidate current trends, we partnered with CampDoc.com to survey a national sample of camp leadership about digital media policies and practices. A single response was selected from each camp and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Free text responses reflecting on positive and negative experiences with digital media were assessed using thematic analysis. We received 722 responses from 363 of the 950 camps within the Camp Doc network. Respondents represented camps in 45 states in the United States. Internet and cell service were available in 22.3% and 34.7% of camps, respectively. Approximately 60% of camps reported a digital media policy for campers and staff. Most policies (67.9%) did not allow use of digital media devices. Camp leadership reported that smartphones (51.3%) and social media apps (42.2%) were most difficult to restrict. Qualitative themes focused on the benefits of digital media for creativity and connection, but also the interruption of camp experiences. Camp personnel described positive media uses aligned with American Academy of Pediatrics media guidelines, for teaching creativity, acquiring new skills, and understanding the value of unplugging for creating social connections. Although most camps have policies restricting digital media use, complete restriction may be difficult.

RESPON EKSPLAN PISANG KLUTUK (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI PINANG MUDA DAN AIR KELAPA MUDA SECARA IN VITRO

Nurseries play an important role in banana development. The tissue culture technique is an alternative to produce quality seeds in large quantities, uniform and produced in a short time and free of pathogens. Areca nut extract is an organic material that contains tannin and can replace bicycling used as a disinfectant in tissue culture activities. Coconut water is a food reserve that contains vitamins and growth substances, so it can stimulate germination. The purpose of the study was to examine the interaction and single response of klutuk banana explants to the concentration of areca nut extract and young coconut water in vitro. This research was carried out at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, the Islamic University of Riau with the planting material used Pisang Klutuk weevil with the method used in a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 x 4. The first factor was seed extract Young areca nut and the second factor was Young Coconut Water. The parameters observed were the percentage of live explants, the percentage of contaminated explants, the age of shoot emergence, and the number of shoots. The observation results were analyzed statistically and continued with the further test of Honest Significant Difference (HSD) at the 5% level. It was found that the best treatment was P2K2 (20% young betel nut extract (200 ml + 800 ml distilled water) and young coconut water 20 ml/liter media), where the percentage of life was 100%, the percentage of contamination was 0%, the age of shoots appeared was 37.67 days, and the number of shoots was 5 strands.

OPTIMIZATION OF SHEARING PARAMETERS OF CORN STALKS BASED ON DESIRABILITY FUNCTION APPROACH

To determine the parameters of the whole corn stalks shearing, single factor and multi factor tests were carried out by using node and internode critical shearing strength as the evaluation indexes and the moisture content, sampling location and shearing speed as the influencing factors. The results showed that the moisture content, sampling location and shearing speed had significant effects on the critical shearing strength of internodes and nodes (F > F0.05), the order of the influencing factors on the internode and node critical shearing strength were: moisture content >sampling location >shearing speed and sampling location >moisture content >shearing speed. By using Design-Expert and Desirability Function Approach, the optimization problem of three response values, including difference value of critical shearing strength between node and internode at the same segment (DV), the node and internode critical shearing strength, was transformed into a single response value optimization. The corn stalks with a moisture content of 15% had lower shearing strength and higher shearing stability at the shearing speed of 25 mm/min.

Hardiness Of Paud Teachers (Study Of Paud Teachers In Himpaudi Kecamatan Candi)

This research is presented by the problem of hardiness related to the unbalancing between the rights and obligations of early childhood teachers in HIMPAUDI Candi. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach. The variable in this study is hardiness. The sampling technique used probability sampling with simple random sampling technique of 100 early childhood teachers in HIMPAUDI Candi. The data collection technique used the DRS (Dispositional Resilience Scale) II scale to measure hardiness and the Multiple Choice Single Response scale to measure the hardiness factors scale. Analysis of the data in this study used statistical tests with the help of the SPSS 20.0 and MS Excel 2019 programs. The reliability was 0.844 and the validity was> 0.30. The results of hardiness data on early childhood teachers in Candi with a moderate level of 89% and low level of 11%. The most influential factor is the dispositional factor (58%). The hardiness of early childhood teachers in Candi is also influenced by factors of age, years of service, education and salary.

Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Siluet Pinokio Jokowi Pada Media Online Detik.Com Dan Suara.Com

This study aims to explain how online media framing sees an event being reported. And how is the influence of media ownership on online media behavior to keep a neutral and objective position on their news. The object of research is the coverage of "Pinocchio Jokowi Silhouette" on the cover of the 16-22 September 2019 edition of the Tempo Magazine in online media Detik.com and Suara.com. The research method used is a qualitative approach using the Zhong Pan and Geral M. Kosichi framing analysis method. The results showed that the framing of the two media were very different in their presentation. Detik.com framed the news on Siluet Pinocchio Jokowi which seemed less objective and tended to use a single response from the editor of Tempo Magazine and did not pay attention to the balance aspect in the selection of news sources, and showed an attitude of denial of Jokowi's insults. Meanwhile, Suara.com, in its framing, tends to be more objective because it considers other aspects that are more memorable to produce information that is in accordance with its social reality. There were also responses from several figures as sources who had no connection with Tempo Magazine. Although the next announcement, Suara.com was considered insulting Jokowi, which ended with Suara.com reporting to the Press Council. Keywords: Pinocchio Silhouette, Tempo Magazine, Framing Analysis

Fuzzy based multi-response optimization: a case study on EDM machining process

The current study challenges the multi-objective optimization of electric discharge machining (EDM) parameters. EDM is used for creating profiles by machining of workpiece that are difficult to machine by conventional method. In the current work four responses such as material removal rate (production rate), tool wear rate, surface roughness (quality) and circularity (profile) are collectively investigated with varying controlling parameters. The human decision for best combination of controlling parameters for highest performance has uncertainties, which results in inferior solution. The multiple responses along with uncertainties and impreciseness can be addressed by combining a neuro-fuzzy system with particle swarm optimization (PSO). To illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach a set of experiment have been conducted in EDM process using AISI D2 tool steel as workpiece and brass tool. The experimental plan was made according to the Box-Behnken response surface methodology design with four process parameters namely discharge current, pulse-on-time, duty factor, and flushing pressure. The four response parameters such as material removal rate, tool wear rate, surface roughness, and circularity of machined components were optimized simultaneously. One unique Multi-response Performance Characteristic Index was obtained by combining the four responses using the proposed neuro-fuzzy technique. A regression model was developed on single response and optimized by PSO to obtain the optimal parameter setting. An experiment was conducted on optimal parameter to test the optimum performance. It is observed that the EDM responses were affected significantly by discharge current and pulse-on-time. The increase in pulse-on-time leads to larger surface cracks and more micro-pores on the machined surface. Article Highlights RSM was proven to be an effective statistical tool for reducing the experimental runs, and also establishes the relation between multiple inputs and single output. The neuro-fuzzy system combined with PSO results a suitable model to convert multiple response into an equivalent single response. The presented approach can be a practical method for situations where multiple conflicting objectives are needed to be optimized at the same time.

The Influence of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Nonmigraine Subjects with Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-Induced Headaches

Background. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is regarded as an important molecule in trigeminovascular sensitization (TVS). CGRP-induced headaches (CGRP-IH) are evoked by intravascular administration of CGRP in nonmigraine and migraine subjects. CGRP might be associated with vasodilatation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). It is unclear whether CGRP-induced hemodynamic changes relate to CGRP-IH in nonmigraine subjects. Methods. Twenty healthy subjects participated in our study. Polymodal recording of mean arterial velocity in MCA (vm MCA), end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (Et-CO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) was employed using transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography. During the experiment, we administered intravenous infusion of CGRP at a rate of 1.5 mcg/min. The vm MCA, Et-CO2, HR, and MAP were determined at time points T 0 , T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 . We calculated the responses at different time points and combined them into a single response vm MCAtot, Et-CO2tot, HRtot, and MAPtot. Results. We found significant differences along the time points in vm MCA ( p = < 0.001 ), Et-CO2 ( p = 0.003 ), MAP ( p < 0.001 ), and HR ( p < 0.001 ). The relationship between vm MCAtot and Et-CO2tot was significant and positive ( p = 0.005 ). The t -test showed significant differences between CGRP-IH and non-CGRP-IH subjects in vm MCAtot ( p = 0.021 ) but not in Et-CO2tot ( p = 0.838 ), MAPtot ( p = 0.839 ), and HRtot ( p = 0.198 ). Only vm MCAtot showed a significant relationship with CGRP-IH ( p = 0.028 ). Conclusions. Our study provides evidence for vasodilatation of MCA in relation to CGRP-IH due to intravascular CGRP detected by multimodal TCD. In the context of TVS induced by CGRP, MCA vasodilatation seems to represent an epiphenomenon of the underlying TVS.