Data product containing 5-year tree heights, survival, and genetic variation for "Genetic Variation in Great Plains Juniperus"

Knowledge of the genetic diversity existing in previously released hard red winter wheat (HRWW, Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in the Great Plains region, United States, is essential for effective utilisation of these genetic resources in the various HRWW breeding programs. To ascertain a measure of the genetic diversity of the existing US HRWW, 60 cultivars were analysed with 62 microsatellite markers distributed throughout the wheat genome. Marker data were subjected to distance-based analysis and analysis of molecular variances. In total, 341 polymorphic alleles were scored with a range of 2–12 alleles per locus. Genetic diversity gradually increased in cultivars released after the 1970s. Cultivars released in the 1990s had the highest allelic richness (4.79), gene diversity (0.60), and polymorphic information content (0.56). Levels of genetic diversity were similar between the major HRWW breeding programs. Cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters. Cluster grouping gave close matches with pedigrees and with regional distribution of the cultivars. Using decadal information, cultivars released from 1900–1969 were grouped into one cluster, cultivars from 1990–2005 were grouped into a separate cluster, whereas cultivars from the 1980s did not group with any other decades. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a significant variation among the clusters, signifying that a true genetic variation existed among the clusters. The higher proportion of genetic variation explained by cultivars within clusters compared with among clusters indicates greater genetic diversity among cultivars within clusters. Our results indicate that genetic diversity of Great Plains HRWW cultivars has increased in the past century, and the trend is continuing.

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Evaluating genetic variation and relationships among Puccinellia nuttalliana populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2013-157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (6) ◽

pp. 1097-1104 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yining Liu ◽

Yong-Bi Fu ◽

Bruce E. Coulman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Great Plains ◽

Length Polymorphism ◽

Fragment Length ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Mantel Test ◽

Grass Species ◽

Puccinellia Nuttalliana

Liu, Y., Fu, Y.-B. and Coulman, B. E. 2013. Evaluating genetic variation and relationships among Puccinellia nuttalliana populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1097–1104. Nuttall's salt-meadow, or alkali grass [Puccinellia nuttalliana (Shultes) Hitchc.], is a native grass species in North America, well known for its salt tolerance. Little information is available about the genetic diversity of natural populations of this species. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to examine the inter-population relationships and to compare variances within and among 23 populations collected from the Canadian Great Plains. Five AFLP primer pairs were employed to screen 15 genotypes (five sets of three half-sib plants) from each population, and 185 polymorphic AFLP bands were scored for each sample. The frequencies of these scored bands ranged from 0.02 to 0.99 with a mean of 0.60. The analysis of molecular variance revealed more than 96% of the total AFLP variation resided within populations. Populations were not highly differentiated with only 4% of the total AFLP variation residing among populations. A Mantel test revealed a significant but low correlation between genetic and geographic distances (r=0.29, P=0.024). Implications for P. nuttalliana conservation, germplasm sampling, and cultivar development are discussed.

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Genetic variation in Great Plains Juniperus

10.2737/rm-rp-292 ◽

1990 ◽

Author(s):

David F. Van Haverbeke ◽

Rudy M. King

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Great Plains

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Phylogeography and the Evolutionary History of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): Wild Diversity and the Dynamics of Domestication

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11030266 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian Park ◽

John M. Burke

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Great Plains ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Nucleotide Diversity ◽

Secondary Development ◽

Effective Population ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

History Of

Patterns of genetic variation in crops are the result of selection and demographic changes that occurred during their domestication and improvement. In many cases, we have an incomplete picture of the origin of crops in the context of their wild progenitors, particularly with regard to the processes producing observed levels of standing genetic variation. Here, we analyzed sequence diversity in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and its wild progenitor (common sunflower, also H. annuus) to reconstruct phylogeographic relationships and population genetic/demographic patterns across sunflower. In common sunflower, south-north patterns in the distribution of nucleotide diversity and lineage splitting indicate a history of rapid postglacial range expansion from southern refugia. Cultivated sunflower accessions formed a clade, nested among wild populations from the Great Plains, confirming a single domestication event in central North America. Furthermore, cultivated accessions sorted by market type (i.e., oilseed vs. confectionery) rather than breeding pool, recapitulating the secondary development of oil-rich cultivars during its breeding history. Across sunflower, estimates of nucleotide diversity and effective population sizes suggest that cultivated sunflower underwent significant population bottlenecks following its establishment ~5000 years ago. The patterns inferred here corroborate those from previous studies of sunflower domestication, and provide a comprehensive overview of its evolutionary history.

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