southern great plains
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

687
(FIVE YEARS 125)

H-INDEX

50
(FIVE YEARS 4)

Abstract Observations of thermodynamic and kinematic parameters associated with derivatives of the thermodynamics and wind fields, namely advection, vorticity, divergence, and deformation, can be obtained by applying Green’s Theorem to a network of observing sites. The five nodes that comprise the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) profiling network, spaced 50 -80 km apart, are used to obtain measurements of these parameters over a finite region. To demonstrate the applicability of this technique at this location, it is first applied to gridded model output from the High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) numerical weather prediction model, using profiles from the locations of ARM network sites, so that values calculated from this method can be directly compared to finite difference calculations. Good agreement is found between both approaches as well as between the model and values calculated from the observations. Uncertainties for the observations are obtained via a Monte Carlo process in which the profiles are randomly perturbed in accordance with their known error characteristics. The existing size of the ARM network is well-suited to capturing these parameters, with strong correlations to model values and smaller uncertainties than a more closely-spaced network, yet it is small enough that it avoids the tendency for advection to go to zero over a large area.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Späth ◽  
Diego Lange ◽  
Andreas Behrendt ◽  
Syed Saqlain Abbas ◽  
Alan Brewer ◽  
...  

<p>Der Austausch von Energie, Feuchte und Impuls zwischen der Atmosphäre und der Landoberfläche sowie die damit verbundenen Rückkopplungsprozesse sind maßgeblich für die Entwicklung der planetarischen Grenzschicht. Eine ungenaue Darstellung und Parametrisierung dieser Prozesse stellen eine Schwäche der heutigen Wetter- und Klimamodelle dar. Verbesserungen in diesen Bereichen werden einen signifikanten Beitrag zu besseren Simulationen der Wolkenbildung auf allen zeitlichen und räumlichen Skalen leisten. Dazu ist es notwendig, das System Land-Atmosphäre simultan in allen Kompartimenten zu vermessen. Dazu haben sowohl das LAFE- als auch das neue LAFO-Design mit deren Messgerätesynergien schon wichtige Beiträge geliefert. Mit Vergleichen zwischen Modellparametrisierungen und Beobachtungen können z.B. die Anwendbarkeit der Monin-Obukhov Ähnlichkeitstheorie (MOST) bei natürlicher heterogener Landoberfläche überprüft oder neue Parametrisierungen entwickelt werden.</p> <p>Das LAFE (Land-Atmosphere Feedback Experiment, Wulfmeyer et al. 2018) wurde im August 2017 als Messkampagne am Standort des Atmospheric Radiation Measurements (ARM) Program Southern Great Plains in Oklahoma, USA, umgesetzt. Für Grenzschichtbeobachtungen kamen scannende Dopplerlidar-Systeme für Windmessungen, Rotations-Ramanlidar für Temperatur- und Feuchtemessungen und Differentielles Absorptionslidar zur Wasserdampfmessung in der Grenzschicht zum Einsatz. An der Landoberfläche wurden meteorologische und pflanzendynamische Variablen, Energiebilanz, sowie Bodenfeuchte und -temperatur an Eddy-Kovarianz-Stationen erfasst. Diese Messungen verfolgen wir auch am Land-Atmosphäre Feedback Observatorium (LAFO, lafo.uni-hohenheim.de) an der Universität Hohenheim in Stuttgart (Deutschland) um neben Feldexperimenten auch lange Zeitreihen zu erfassen. Hier werden Lidarmessungen operationell betrieben und ergänzt durch Messungen eines Doppler-Wolkenradars. An der Landoberfläche messen Eddy-Kovarianz-Stationen und ein Netzwerk von Bodenfeuchte- und -temperatursensoren, sowie wird der Vegetationsstatus im Untersuchungsgebiet erfasst. Diese Sensorsynergie im LAFO ist Prototyp für GLAFOs (Gewex LAFOs, Wulfmeyer et al. 2020) zur Etablierung dieser Messungen in verschiedenen Klimaregionen der Erde.</p> <p>In diesem Beitrag stellen wir das Messkonzept vor und wie Beobachtungen für die Untersuchung und Verbesserung von Grenzschicht- und Turbulenz-Parametrisierungen eingesetzt werden können. Dies zeigen wir mit Messergebnissen von LAFE und LAFO mit Abschätzungen der Flüsse, die durch Kombination der Feuchte-, Temperatur- und Windprofile in Bodennähe bestimmt werden und die Ableitung entsprechenden Ähnlichkeitsbeziehung sowohl für Entrainment-Flüsse als auch für MOST ermöglichen.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Perkins ◽  
Peter J. Marinescu ◽  
Ezra J. T. Levin ◽  
Don R. Collins ◽  
Sonia M. Kreidenweis

Abstract. When aerosol particles seed formation of liquid water droplets in the atmosphere, they are called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Different aerosols will act as CCN under different degrees of water supersaturation (relative humidity above 100 %) depending on their size and composition. In this work we build and analyze a best-estimate CCN spectrum product, tabulated at ~45 min resolution, generated using high quality data from eight independent instruments at the US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains site. The data product spans a large supersaturation range, from 0.0001 to ~30 %, and time period, 5 years from 2009–2013 and is available on the ARM data archive. We leverage this added statistical power to examine relationships that are unclear in smaller datasets. Probability distributions of many aerosol and CCN metrics are found to exhibit skewed log-normal distribution shapes. Clustering analyses of CCN spectra reveal that the primary drivers of CCN differences are aerosol number size distributions, rather than hygroscopicity or composition, especially at supersaturations above 0.2 %, while also allowing for simplified understanding of seasonal and diurnal variations in CCN behaviour. The predictive ability of using limited hygroscopicity data with accurate number size distributions to estimate CCN spectra is investigated and uncertainties of this approach are estimated. Finally, the dynamics of CCN spectral clusters and concentrations are examined with cross-correlation and autocorrelation analyses, which assist in determining the time scales of changing CCN concentrations at different supersaturations and are important for cloud modelling studies.


Author(s):  
Xuebin Yang ◽  
Xiangming Xiao ◽  
Yuanwei Qin ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Kevin Neal

Author(s):  
Kevin J. Nelson ◽  
Feiqin Xie ◽  
Chi O. Ao ◽  
Mayra I. Oyola-Merced

AbstractThe planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (PBLH) is a key physical parameter of the PBL affected by numerous physical processes within the boundary layer. Specifically, the PBLH over land exhibits large spatial and temporal variation across different geographical regions. In this study, the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) radio occultation (RO) and high- resolution radiosonde profiles from 2007 to 2013 were analyzed to estimate the diurnal cycle of the PBLH over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) in the US. Large variations in PBLH derived from radiosonde temperature, moisture, and refractivity are observed on seasonal scales. COSMIC RO is capable of observing diurnal and seasonal variations in the terrestrial PBLH over the SGP region. Annual mean diurnal amplitude of approximately 250 m in the terrestrial PBLH was observed, with maxima occurring at around 15:00 (LST, Local Solar Time) in both the co-located radiosondes and COSMIC RO profiles. Seasonal changes in the PBLH diurnal cycles ranging from approximately 100 m to 400 m were also observed. Such PBL diurnal and seasonal changes can be further incorporated into PBL parameterizations to help improve weather and climate model prediction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 108631
Author(s):  
Pradeep Wagle ◽  
Prasanna H. Gowda ◽  
Brian K. Northup ◽  
James P.S. Neel ◽  
Patrick J. Starks ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
John Richard Gyakum ◽  
David D. Turner ◽  
P. Jonathan Gero

EcoHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Noden ◽  
Noel M. Cote ◽  
Michael H. Reiskind ◽  
Justin L. Talley

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document