scholarly journals Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to the UK childhood immunisation programme, and changes to the meningitis C and Hib schedules

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Cameron ◽  
R G Pebody
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

Changes to vaccinations in the United Kingdom (UK) childhood immunisation programme will be implemented later this year [1].

scholarly journals Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine for adults and children in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: 2015/16 end-of-season results

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Pebody ◽  
Fiona Warburton ◽  
Joanna Ellis ◽  
Nick Andrews ◽  
Alison Potts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Uk

The United Kingdom (UK) is in the third season of introducing universal paediatric influenza vaccination with a quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). The 2015/16 season in the UK was initially dominated by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and then influenza of B/Victoria lineage, not contained in that season’s adult trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). Overall adjusted end-of-season vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 52.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.0–61.6) against influenza-confirmed primary care consultation, 54.5% (95% CI: 41.6–64.5) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 54.2% (95% CI: 33.1–68.6) against influenza B. In 2–17 year-olds, adjusted VE for LAIV was 57.6% (95% CI: 25.1 to 76.0) against any influenza, 81.4% (95% CI: 39.6–94.3) against influenza B and 41.5% (95% CI: −8.5 to 68.5) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These estimates demonstrate moderate to good levels of protection, particularly against influenza B in children, but relatively less against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Despite lineage mismatch in the trivalent IIV, adults younger than 65 years were still protected against influenza B. These results provide reassurance for the UK to continue its influenza immunisation programme planned for 2016/17.

scholarly journals Age-Stratified Prevalences of Pneumococcal-Serotype-Specific Immunoglobulin G in England and Their Relationship to the Serotype-Specific Incidence of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Prior to the Introduction of the Pneumococcal 7-Valent Conjugate Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Balmer ◽  
Ray Borrow ◽  
Jamie Findlow ◽  
Rosalind Warrington ◽  
Sarah Frankland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Specific Igg

ABSTRACT Recent changes to the childhood immunization schedule in the United Kingdom have resulted in the inclusion of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. However, the seroprevalence of pneumococcal antibodies in the population was unknown. To address this, we measured pneumococcal, age-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations specific for nine serotypes by an assay run on the Bioplex platform, using 2,664 serum samples collected in England from 2000 to 2004. The lowest concentrations of IgG specific to all serotypes and the proportions of serotype-specific IgG concentrations of ≥0.35 μg/ml were observed in children aged <1 year. From 1 year on, there was a general increase in antibody levels with increasing age, and they remained high in adults. Maternal antibody was detected in young children aged <36 days but waned rapidly. Comparison of the age-specific seroprevalence of serotype-specific IgG to the serotype-specific incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease demonstrated a general inverse relationship for all age groups except the elderly. These data provide a baseline for natural immunity to the pneumococcal serotypes analyzed prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United Kingdom.

scholarly journals Polio vaccination in Europe: the shift from OPV to IPV use

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Oral Polio Vaccine ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
Inactivated Polio Vaccine ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Polio Vaccination

The United Kingdom National Health Service recently announced changes to the national childhood immunisation programme with a shift from the use of live oral polio vaccine to inactivated polio vaccine

Parental acceptability of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the UK childhood immunisation schedule

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Sarah Newton ◽  
Tracey Chantler ◽  
Linda Diggle ◽  
Ly-Mee Yu ◽  
Noel McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Immunisation Schedule ◽  
Childhood Immunisation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Parental Acceptability

scholarly journals Assessing the impacts of the first year of rotavirus vaccination in the United Kingdom

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Marlow ◽  
Peter Muir ◽  
Barry Vipond ◽  
Mark Lyttle ◽  
Caroline Trotter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
First Year ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Uk

The United Kingdom (UK) added rotavirus (RV) vaccine (Rotarix GlaxoSmithKline) to the national vaccine schedule in July 2013. During the 2012–2014 rotavirus seasons, children presenting to the Bristol Royal Hospital for Children Emergency Department with gastroenteritis symptoms had stool virology analysis (real-time PCR) and clinical outcome recorded. Nosocomial cases were identified as patients with non-gastroenteritis diagnosis testing positive for rotavirus > 48h after admission. In comparison to average pre-vaccine seasons, in the first year after vaccine introduction there were 48% fewer attendances diagnosed with gastroenteritis, 53% reduction in gastroenteritis admissions and a total saving of 330 bed-days occupancy. There was an overall reduction in number of rotavirus-positive stool samples with 94% reduction in children aged under one year and a 65% reduction in those too old to have been vaccinated. In the first year after the introduction of universal vaccination against rotavirus we observed a profound reduction in gastroenteritis presentations and admissions with a substantial possible herd effect seen in older children. Extrapolating these findings to the UK population we estimate secondary healthcare savings in the first year of ca £7.5 (€10.5) million. Ongoing surveillance will be required to determine the long-term impact of the RV immunisation programme.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

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