scholarly journals Productivity of crops in rainfed conditions on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Yulia Aleksandrovna Laptina ◽  
Nikolay Alekseevich Bugreev ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

The article presents the results of three years of field research on studying of influence of ways of the basic processing of soil and systems of applied fertilizers on productivity of grain crops. The experiment considered winter wheat, cultivated on black steam, and is itself a precursor to the Sudanese grass. Three variants of the main tillage and four variants of the use of mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of winter wheat varieties of local selection of reed 3 were studied. Field experiments were conducted at the STC of Volgograd state University "Gornaya Polyana" on light chestnut soils from 2016 to 2019. As a result of studying the productivity of winter wheat in rainfed conditions on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region, it was found that the maximum values of biometric indicators, elements of the structure of the crop, biological and economic productivity were obtained during its cultivation by deep chisel processing by the working bodies of the "Ranch" with the use of ammophos and potassium chloride during sowing and early spring feeding with ammonium nitrate. The minimum values of biometric indicators, elements of the structure of the crop, biological and economic productivity are obtained by cultivating it on a small disk processing without the use of fertilizers.

Population density and total biomass of microbial communities in chestnut soils and solonetzes of the dry steppe zone in the Lower Volga region

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Kashirskaya ◽  
T. E. Khomutova ◽  
E. V. Chernysheva ◽  
M. V. El’tsov ◽  
V. A. Demkin
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Dry Steppe

scholarly journals Agrotechnical methods of alfalfa cultivation for seeds under irrigation conditions in the Lower Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Burceva
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Legumes play a leading role in providing farm animals with high-quality and highly nutritious feed, while in the Lower Volga region, the traditional alfalfa crop plays a leading role. The productivity of alfalfa in production conditions is only a tenth of its potential. The purpose of the research is to determine the impact of reduced seeding rates, varietal characteristics, seeding time and use of siderates instead of mineral fertilizers on the seed productivity of the crop. The field experience included 2 terms of sowing – spring and summer, 3 variants of the soil nutrient regime: the natural background of nutrition and plowing of two types of sideral mixtures (sunflower + vetch and oats + radish); three variants of the density of herbage (40, 80 and 400 thousand plants/ha). Observations were made on three varieties of alfalfa (Leninskaya mestnaya, Vega 87 and Unitro). Records and observations were made in accordance with the generally accepted methods of experimental work. Results and practical significance. As a result of research, a favorable influence of sideral masses on the formation of a symbiotic apparate on alfalfa roots was revealed. In comparison with the natural background of nutrition, the number of nodules significantly increased in the variants with the plowing of siderates. The yield of seed alfalfa was also influenced by the density of sowing. More productive organs were formed in sparse grass stands, which contributed to an increase in the collection of seeds. The use of sideral mixtures also had a positive effect on productive shoot formation. The number of stems, brushes and seeds in the bean was 25–30 % more than in the control. Summer sowing favourably affected the seed productivity of alfalfa, its indicators were 1.2–1.6 times higher than the data obtained from the grass stands of the spring sowing season. Scientific novelty. For the irrigated conditions of the Lower Volga region, a comprehensive assessment of the participation of the main agrotechnical techniques in the implementation of alfalfa seed productivity is given: terms, methods and seeding rates with the use of siderates for soil fertilization.

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