The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 – principles and methodologies

AbstractObjectiveThe Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) aim at preventing diet-associated diseases such as cancer in the Nordic countries. We evaluated adherence to the NNR in relation to prostate cancer (PC) in Swedish men, including potential interaction with a genetic risk score and with lifestyle factors.DesignPopulation-based case–control study (Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden (CAPS), 2001–2002). Using data from a semi-quantitative FFQ, we created an NNR adherence score and estimated relative risks of PC by unconditional logistic regression. Individual score components were modelled separately and potential modifying effects were assessed on the multiplicative scale.SettingFour regions in the central and northern parts of Sweden.SubjectsIncident PC patients (n 1386) and population controls (n 940), frequency-matched on age and region.ResultsNo overall association with PC was found, possibly due to the generally high adherence to the NNR score and its narrow distribution in the study population. Among individual NNR score components, high compared with low intakes of polyunsaturated fat were associated with an increased relative risk of localized PC. No formal interaction with genetic or lifestyle factors was observed, although in stratified analysis a positive association between the NNR and PC was suggested among men with a high genetic risk score but not among men with a medium or low genetic risk score.ConclusionsOur findings do not support an association between NNR adherence and PC. The suggestive interaction with the genetic risk score deserves further investigations in other study populations.

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Adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations as a measure of a healthy diet and upper respiratory tract infection

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001000265x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 860-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Elinor Fondell ◽

Sara E Christensen ◽

Olle Bälter ◽

Katarina Bälter

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

High Physical Activity ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Nordic Nutrition Recommendations

AbstractObjectiveThe Nordic countries have published joint dietary recommendations, the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), since 1980. We evaluated adherence to the NNR as a measure of a healthy diet and its potential association with self-reported upper respiratory tract infection (URTI).DesignA prospective, population-based study with a follow-up period of 4 months. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ with ninety-six items, along with other lifestyle factors, at baseline. URTI was assessed every three weeks. A Poisson regression model was used to control for age, sex and other confounding factors.SettingA middle-sized county in northern Sweden.SubjectsSwedish men and women (n1509) aged 20–60 years.ResultsThe NNR include recommendations on macronutrient proportions, physical activity and intake of micronutrients, sodium, fibre and alcohol. We found that overall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. In addition, we found that high adherence to the NNR (>5·5 adherence points) was not associated with a lower risk of URTI (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0·89, 95 % CI 0·73, 1·08) compared with low adherence (<4·5 adherence points). When investigating individual components of the NNR, only high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk (IRR = 0·82, 95 % CI 0·69, 0·97) whereas none of the dietary components were associated with risk of URTI.ConclusionsOverall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. Overall adherence to the NNR was not associated with URTI risk in our study. However, when investigating individual components of the NNR, we found that high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk.

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