scholarly journals Biocontrol of pests in apples under integrated fruit production

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
D.R. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Selective Insecticide ◽  
Orchard Pests ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

The biological control of some key orchard pests achieved within an Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) apple block was assessed Insecticide sprays were used to manipulate the numbers of natural enemies Treatments included applications of the broadspectrum insecticide carbaryl a selective insecticide programme (IFP) and a control (no insecticides) Plots treated with carbaryl became heavily infested with woolly apple aphid and European red mite However carbaryl sprays did not completely prevent lacewings ladybirds and the woolly apple aphid parasitoid Aphelinus mali subsequently moving into the plots in response to the high host populations Numbers of some natural enemies were reduced in the carbaryl treatment and the trees were damaged by mites and woolly apple aphids The selective and noinsecticide programmes did not disrupt natural enemies and pest levels in trees and fruit were similar and acceptable

scholarly journals Vulnerability of pest management in New Zealand apples pesticide toxicity to Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera Encyrtidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Rogers ◽  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Aphid Control ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Selective Insecticides

New pest management practices in New Zealands apple sector have provided ecological and economic outcomes that are recognised by growers and exporters Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) pest control systems that combine biological control selective insecticides and mating disruption have been developed to achieve these outcomes Although pest management in apple orchards is now more sustainable it is also highly vulnerable to pesticideinduced disruption The toxicity of four pesticides (spinetoram thiacloprid spinosad and spirotetramat) on the natural enemy of woolly apple aphid Aphelinus mali was examined While applications of spinetoram were the primary cause of aphid outbreaks in 200708 other insecticides can contribute to the instability of this biocontrol system The consequences of applying these disruptive pesticides to aphid control are discussed together with strategies to mitigate the vulnerability of the IFP programme to pest outbreaks

TOWARDS IMPROVED CONTROL OF WOOLLY APPLE APHID (ERIOSOMA LANIGERUM) IN INTEGRATED FRUIT PRODUCTION

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Beliën ◽  
E. Bangels ◽  
G. Peusens ◽  
D. Goossens ◽  
N. Berkvens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

scholarly journals Improving the management of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) in apple orchards

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
T.M. Fraser ◽  
D.W. Manktelow
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

Mealybug infestations in New Zealand apples declined when integrated fruit production was implemented in the late 1990s In Hawkes Bay however mealybugs have recently become an increasing problem The mean incidence of mealybugs at harvest increased from 17 in 2008 to 22 in 2010 In 2009 and 2010 almost 50 of blocks had a higher incidence than the previous year Analysis of spray diaries suggested that spray programmes up to 200910 were inadequate to maintain longterm suppression of mealybugs Key factors were the number of insecticide sprays their time of application and the choice of product but not spray coverage Consequently in spring 2010 orchard managers were encouraged to follow a best practice spray programme against mealybugs which led to markedly improved mealybug control At harvest in 2011 the mean incidence was 07 and just 14 of blocks had more mealybugs than the previous year while almost 60 had fewer

scholarly journals Susceptibility of the European earwig Forficula auricularia to insecticide residues on apple leaves

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
D.R. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Forficula Auricularia ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production ◽  
Insecticide Sprays ◽  
European Earwig

The European earwig (Forficula auricularia) is potentially a predator of a number of insect pests in apple orchards However its effectiveness as a natural enemy in apple orchards may be compromised by insecticide sprays A laboratory bioassay of eight insecticides currently used in Integrated Fruit Production (IFP) apple orchards and one asyet unregistered product was undertaken to determine their effects on earwigs Adult earwigs were placed in ventilated containers where they were exposed to insecticide residues on apple leaves and monitored on four occasions over 10 days Indoxacarb thiacloprid spinosad and diazinon caused the greatest mortality to earwigs while carbaryl appeared to be less harmful Chlorantraniliprole spirotetramat emamectin benzoate and methoxyfenozide caused no increased mortality of earwigs compared with the control Identification and avoidance of harmful insecticides may help to enhance the potential of earwigs as natural enemies in apple orchards

SOME PREDATORS OF THE EUROPEAN RED MITE, PARATETRANYCHUS PILOSUS C. & F., IN NOVA SCOTIA

1935 ◽  
Vol 13d (2) ◽  
pp. 19-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Gilliatt
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Campylomma Verbasci

Predators are the most important natural enemies of the European red mite. Notes are given on the life history and habits of the following predaceous enemies of this mite, Seiulus pomi Parrott; Diaphnidia pellucida Uhl.; Diaphnidia capitata Van D.; Hyaliodes vitripennis Say; Stethorus punctum Leconte; Plagiognathus obscurus Uhl.; Camptobrochis nebulosus Uhl.; Anystis agilis Banks; Campylomma verbasci Mey., and an unidentified species of Syrphidae.

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