scholarly journals Sequencing of New Zealands tomato spotted wilt virus isolates

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 408-408
Author(s):  
R.A. Lister ◽  
J.D. Fletcher ◽  
G.M. Timmerman-Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Capsid Gene Sequence ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Virus Isolates

The capsid protein genes of thirteen isolates of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Tospovirus) occurring in New Zealand have been sequenced TSWV is a thripsvectored virus causing serious damage in field and covered crops With recent new incursions of thrips species and tospoviruses it was considered of interest to identify what if any sequence variation occurs in the New Zealand TSWV isolates both from a temporal and geographic perspective The material chosen for sequencing was sourced from fresh glasshouse and field samples and also from samples that had been stored frozen for several years The oldest TSWV isolate was collected in 1992 and stored frozen since then and the most recently collected was from fresh material in 2008 Samples were obtained from several geographic locations throughout New Zealand When compared to the worldwide TSWV capsid gene sequence data held in GenBank cluster analysis of the sequence data has placed the New Zealand isolates into distinct groups Observations of the most closely related strains on a global scale may provide clues to the country of origin from which historic TSWV incursions into New Zealand originated

Winter and Early-Spring Survey of Thrips Vectors and Host Plants of Tomato Spotted Wilt Tospovirus in and near a Flue-Cured Tobacco Farmscape

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McPherson ◽  
R. J. Beshear ◽  
W. C. Johnson ◽  
N. Martinez-Ochoa ◽  
M. L. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Wild Radish ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Frankliniella Fusca ◽  
Plant Hosts ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Wilt Virus

The tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), is an economic pest of flue-cured tobacco because it vectors tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. Other species of thrips are also vectors of spotted wilt in tobacco, including the western flower thrips, F. occidentalis (Pergande). This study examined the presence of thrips species on alternate plant hosts associated with the tobacco farmscape and surrounding area. Weed hosts were sampled from December through April from 1998 through 2001 to assess which plants provide suitable refuge and nutrients for thrips survival, reproduction, and spotted wilt infection. Thrips were identified to species and confirmed as potential vectors of spotted wilt by using ELISA to test for the presence of a non-structural tomato spotted wilt virus protein. Wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.), broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus L.), and narrowleaf vetch (Vicia sativa L. subsp. nigra (L.) Ehrh.) are common late-winter weeds in the farmscape that harbor spotted wilt vectors. Cutleaf evening primrose, Oenethera laciniata Hill, and volunteer soybean, Glycine max(L.) Merrill, also were hosts of spotted wilt vectors in the tobacco farmscape. Numerous other weed hosts were present in the tobacco farmscape but either had no thrips collected from them or thrips were not confirmed as potential spotted wilt vectors from these host plants. Several other plants near the tobacco farmscape also were infected with spotted wilt, and three of these host plants, common chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Cyrillo), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) had confirmed vectors (ELISA) collected from them. Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.), wild radish, cutleaf evening primrose, narrowleaf vetch, carrot, curly dock (Rumex crispus L.), red sorrel (Rumex acetosella L.), and common chickweed were confirmed as positive plant hosts in this study for spotted wilt using ELISA. Frankliniella fusca appears to be the most abundant thrips vector on these alternate plant hosts and is the predominate thrips species collected on the flue-cured tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. However, F. occidentalis, Haplothrips graminis Hood, and Chirothrips spp. also were confirmed in this study to be potential vectors in the tobacco farmscape. Weed hosts in the farmscape appear to be influential as refuge and nutrients for vectors and an innoculant source of tomato spotted wilt virus in the flue-cured tobacco farmscape.

Diversity of Thrips Species and Vectors of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tomato Production Systems in Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Macharia ◽  
D. Backhouse ◽  
R. Skilton ◽  
E. Ateka ◽  
S.-B. Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Wilt Virus

scholarly journals Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Isolates in Japan are Grouped into Two Strains.

1993 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya TSUDA ◽  
Kaoru HANADA ◽  
Yuzo MINOBE ◽  
Mitsuro KAMEYA-IWAKI ◽  
Keiichi TOMARU
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Virus Isolates

scholarly journals Replication of Tomato spotted wilt virus After Ingestion by Adult Thrips setosus is Restricted to Midgut Epithelial Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ohnishi ◽  
Leandra M. Knight ◽  
Daijirou Hosokawa ◽  
Ichiro Fujisawa ◽  
Shinya Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
Wilt Virus

If acquisition access feeding (AAF) is first given after adult eclosion, none of the nine thrips species able to serve as tospovirus vectors can become infective. The previous cellular investigations of this phenomenon, carried out only in Frankliniella occidentalis, suggested that infectivity was prevented because the type member of the tospoviruses, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), was unable to enter the midgut of adult thrips. The present study extends a cellular view of tospovirus—thrips interactions to a species other than the western flower thrips, F. occidentalis. Our findings show that TSWV enters and replicates within the midgut of adult Thrips setosus, but does not infect cells beyond the midgut epithelia. After AAF as adult, TSWV replicated in T. setosus midgut cells as indicated by significant increases in nucleocapsid (N) protein detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the presence of inclusions containing the S RNA-encoded nonstructural and N proteins revealed by microscopic observations. Electron microscopic observations of adult insects showed that no infection occurred in cells beyond the midgut epithelia, and insects subsampled from the same cohorts could not transmit TSWV. In contrast, electron microscopy observations of larval T. setosus revealed that TSWV infected the midgut and muscle cells, and adult insects developing from these cohorts had infected salivary glands and were able to transmit TSWV. Mature virions were observed only in the salivary glands of adults developing from infected larvae. Our findings suggest that the barrier to infectivity in T. setosus adults differs from that shown for F. occidentalis adults.

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