scholarly journals Comparative Case Study on Institutionalization of Ruling Parties Under Military Authoritarianism: Democratic Republican Party Under Park Chung-Hee Regime in South Korea (1961-1979) and GOLKAR Under Suharto Regime in Indonesia (1966-1998)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungdeuk Lee ◽  
◽  
Burhan Djabir Magenda
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Park Chung Hee

Building Bombs, Building a Nation: The State, Chaebŏl, and the Militarized Industrialization of South Korea, 1973–1979

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Peter Banseok Kwon
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
Park Chung Hee ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Military Modernization ◽  
Rich Nation ◽  
National Economic Development ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

In response to US plans to withdraw troops from South Korea in the 1970s, the Park Chung Hee administration (1961–79) leveraged all defense-related civilian industries to build an independent system of weapons production. In keeping with Park's advancement of military modernization driven by strong private-sector growth, an agenda that he promoted with his banner slogan “rich nation, strong military,” large Korean companies known as chaebŏl were transformed to serve as government contractors that drove both national economic development and military modernization. A case study of one such company, Hanwha, illustrates how the state's hyper-militarization of Korean industries determined the distinct course and character of South Korea's national development. The study highlights the dynamic interplay that occurred between state actors and private-sector CEOs, managers, and laborers in shaping the chaebŏl-centered economic and defense industrialization.

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