Comparative Assessment of the Impact of Electricity Consumption in Different Economic Sectors on the Economic Development of the EU Member States

Recently, the Member States of the European Union (EU) have found themselves in a controversial situation. On the one hand, national economic development is barely possible without increasing electricity consumption, whereas on the other we are facing increased use of natural resources (coal, oil, gas, wood), thermal effects, pollution and risks to human health. The European Green Deal is a response to the currently observed negative trends. The strategy aims to accelerate the economic development of the EU Member States, thus reducing electricity consumption. Objectives may include both the national economy and the electricity generation sector by applying advanced technologies and introducing innovations that increase output efficiency while reducing electricity costs. Assessing the current situation is vital for the successful implementation of the European Green Deal, i.e., by comparing the impact of electricity consumption on the economic development of the Member States. Thus, combining indicators for national economic development and the extent of electricity consumption into a single aggregate is necessary because electricity greatly affects economic development. The proposed methodology allows dividing the analysed EU Member States into three groups, in line with the degree of national economic development and the scope of electricity consumption in their economy sectors.

Pembekalan Keterampilan Membatik oleh Batik “Seng” bagi Kelompok Marginal Desa Sengguruh Kabupaten Malang

National economic development can be realized, one of which is economic independence by encouraging the number of entrepreneurs, increasing business activities in the form of businesses and businesses on a small, medium or large scale. One of the potentials to become independent entrepreneurs is young people who of course must first have the provision of education. The reality is that there are still school-age teenagers who do not have the opportunity to get the right to education due to several things, one of which is economic limitations that prevent them from continuing their education. The consequences that arise from situations that are not good, namely teenagers who cannot continue their schooling will cause a new problem for both the child himself and his environment. The form of community service activities carried out is holding written batik training activities targeting marginal groups in Sengguruh Village, Malang Regency with a total of 30 participants. The purpose of this activity is to provide training participants with the opportunity to develop themselves and get alternative business ideas. The results obtained from this activity are an increase in insight and skills in making batik, increasing motivation for training participants to develop themselves, participants getting alternative business ideas that can be chosen as professions that have the potential to generate income and obtain business network information

Entrepreneurship and SMMEs in South Africa

The chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted nature of entrepreneurship and SMMEs in South Africa by presenting a broad range of key economic questions, challenges, and policy issues. Acknowledging the complexity of describing entrepreneurship and SMMEs, due to definitional controversies and the variety of contexts in which these phenomena occur, different typologies are juxtaposed to highlight the heterogeneity in entrepreneurial activity. Despite a lack of consistent and accurate data, the findings show that while entrepreneurship is publicly campaigned as an imperative for national economic development and employment creation, in reality South Africa’s low established-business entrepreneurial activity rate does not result in any significant economic growth. By interrogating a broad range of individual and contextual factors in the South African entrepreneurial ecosystem, it is evident that a number of structural, institutional, market, and policy issues obstruct productive entrepreneurial growth and development.

State-Owned Enterprises in South Africa

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) have the ability to shape industrial policy, the potential to transform economies by investing in the provision of basic services and stimulate new industries. It is fair to deduce that how these entities are deployed is a critical indicator of a state’s directionality. This chapter traces how SOEs reflect South Africa’s evolving political economy, from a racist national capitalism, an indecisive developmental state, through a decade of state capture, to a weak strategic vision of how they can drive national economic development. The chapter highlights the obduracy of the mineral-energy complex and its enclave nature that lends itself to corrupted governance and assigning SOEs conflicted mandates for social and economic development. The current crisis of South Africa’s SOEs is a signifier of political leadership that has made a series of ideological missteps amidst a legacy of rent-seeking behaviours that began during the apartheid era, and continued into the post-1994 era.

Analisis Pengaruh Manajemen Risiko Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI

Banks have a strategic role in national economic development. The large number of funds managed by banks causes the risks faced are also very large. Very supportive if the risk affects the bank's performance, therefore banks are required to implement risk management. After being selected using the purposive sampling method, the sample banks were 21 banks. Tests carried out with multiple regression analysis show that bad loans and operating expenses on operating income negatively affect asset returns. In contrast to the loan to deposit ratio which does not affect the return on assets. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to optimize credit and operational risks which are considered capable of maintaining the stability of bank profitability.

Jones, Martin (2019): Cities and regions in crisis: The political economy of sub-national economic development

Book review

The Intersection of Confucianism and Western Teaching in Taiwanese Adult Education

Adult education is a significant feature of the Taiwanese education landscape and is recognized as significantly contributing to national economic development. Given the importance of adult education in Taiwan, an investigation of teaching approaches and an understanding of interplay of teaching approaches with Taiwanese culture is worthwhile because such investigations provide a platform for reflection and subsequent evolution of teaching approaches. In the present article, the authors delve into the heritage of Taiwan to explore teaching practices from the standpoint of the teachings of Confucius and Western teaching approaches. Data were collected via survey of 39 randomly selected adult educators from premium universities in Tapai along with interviews. The results point to the persistent dominance of Confucian instructional methods despite some use of Western teaching approaches.