Reasons for the Dissatisfaction of Residents with the Recent Reduction in the Amount of Crop Damage by Japanese Macaques—a Case Study in a Typical Depopulating Prefecture in Northern Japan

A complex relationship between the residents and protected areas continue to be an obstacle to successful conservation of protected areas. Conflicts between park authority and people living around the park pose a threat to conservation. Moreover, crop depredation due to wildlife incurs a severe economic loss to communities living in the close vicinity of the park, affecting the livelihood and well-being of locals. Many studies have been carried out emphasizing the identification and quantification of crop damage, but studies highlighting the means used for the crop protection and their effectiveness are limited. This paper examines frequency of the crop damage by wildlife and efficacy of utilized management practices in Shivapuri National Park (SNP). Altogether 132 households were visited in two buffer zone villages namely, Sikre and Jhor Mahankhal of Shivapuri National Park, Nepal. The study suggested that crop depredation by wildlife was a function of several factors, namely, distance of the farmland from the park, size of the crop raiding animals, frequency of their attacks on the farmland, and the type of crops. Five different measures were identified by the communities which they regularly used to prevent crop damage. Both traditional as well as modern means were used by households to guard crops from invading wild animals. The means of crop protection from wildlife differed according to the type of animal and crop being protected. Biofencing and trenches were effective for the small animals. Watch tower “Machans” and throwing flaming sticks and making noises were the most effective and safest means of crop guarding from all kind of animals. Though crop guarding was intensive, no means were found to be able to prevent crop damage completely. Thus, site specific management strategies as well as technical and financial support from donor organizations would be most useful to minimize crop loss.Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 16, No.1 (2015) pp. 1-10

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Crop damage and livestock depredation by wildlife: a case study from Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, India

Journal of Environmental Management ◽

10.1016/s0301-4797(02)90587-6 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 317-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

K Rao

Keyword(s):

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Crop Damage ◽

Livestock Depredation ◽

Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve

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Activity-specific evaluation of winter habitat use by Japanese macaques in snow areas, northern Japan: Implications for conifer plantation management

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2012.01.010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 270 ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Haruka Sakamaki ◽

Hiroto Enari

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Japanese Macaques ◽

Winter Habitat ◽

Plantation Management ◽

Conifer Plantation ◽

Specific Evaluation ◽

Northern Japan

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The performance of using an autoencoder for prediction and susceptibility assessment of landslides: A case study on landslides triggered by the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake in Japan

Geoenvironmental Disasters ◽

10.1186/s40677-019-0137-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kounghoon Nam ◽

Fawu Wang

Keyword(s):

Landslide Susceptibility ◽

Assessment Methods ◽

Disaster Mitigation ◽

Susceptibility Assessment ◽

Ground Acceleration ◽

Susceptibility Maps ◽

Landslide Susceptibility Index ◽

High Possibility ◽

Northern Japan

Abstract Background Thousands of landslides were triggered by the Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake on 6 September 2018 in Iburi regions of Hokkaido, Northern Japan. Most of the landslides (5627 points) occurred intensively between the epicenter and the station that recorded the highest peak ground acceleration. Hundreds of aftershocks followed the major shocks. Moreover, in Iburi region, there is a high possibility of earthquakes occurring in the future. Effective prediction and susceptibility assessment methods are required for sustainable management and disaster mitigation in the study area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of an autoencoder framework based on deep neural network for prediction and susceptibility assessment of regional landslides triggered by earthquakes. Results By applying 12 sampling sizes and 12 landslide-influencing factors, 12 landslide susceptibility maps were produced using an autoencoder framework. The results of the model were evaluated using qualitative and quantitative assessment methods. The ratios of the sampling sizes on the non-landslide points randomly generated from the combination zone including plain and mountain (PM) and a mountainous only zone (M) affected different prediction abilities of the model’s performance. Conclusions The 12 susceptibility maps, including the landslide susceptibility index, indicated the various spatial distributions of the landslide susceptibility values in both PM and the M. The highly accurate models explicitly distinguished the potential areas of landslide from stable areas without expanding the spatial extent of the potential landslide areas. The autoencoder is proved to be an effective and efficient method for extracting spatial patterns through unsupervised learning for the prediction and susceptibility assessment of landslide areas.

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A Weighted Overlay Method for Liquefaction-Related Urban Damage Detection: A Case Study of the 6 September 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake, Japan

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences8120487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 487 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sadra Karimzadeh ◽

Masashi Matsuoka

Keyword(s):

Field Survey ◽

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽

Weighted Overlay ◽

Topographic Slope ◽

Overlay Method ◽

Survey Results ◽

Influential Parameters ◽

Microtremor Measurements ◽

Northern Japan

We performed interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) analyses to observe ground displacements and assess damage after the M 6.6 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake in northern Japan on 6 September 2018. A multitemporal SAR coherence map is extracted from 3-m resolution ascending (track 116) and descending (track 18) ALOS-2 Stripmap datasets to cover the entire affected area. To distinguish damaged buildings associated with liquefaction, three influential parameters from the space-based InSAR results, ground-based LiquickMap (from seismic intensities in Japanese networks) and topographic slope of the study area are considered together in a weighted overlay (WO) analysis, according to prior knowledge of the study area. The WO analysis results in liquefaction potential values that agree with our field survey results. To investigate further, we conducted microtremor measurements at 14 points in Hobetsu, in which the predominant frequency showed a negative correlation with the WO values, especially when drastic coherence decay occurred.

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