Relative electromyographic activity in trunk, hip, and knee muscles during unilateral weight bearing exercises: Implications for rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Bolgla ◽  
Mario F. Cruz ◽  
Lauren Hayes Roberts ◽  
Angela Minning Buice ◽  
Tori Smith Pou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Electromyographic Activity

Retention of Hindlimb Stepping Ability in Adult Spinal Cats After the Cessation of Step Training

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. De Leon ◽  
J. A. Hodgson ◽  
R. R. Roy ◽  
V. R. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Locomotor Training ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Step Cycle ◽  
Rapid Learning ◽  
Hindlimb Muscle

de Leon, R. D., J. A. Hodgson, R. R. Roy, and V. R. Edgerton. Retention of hindlimb stepping ability in adult spinal cats after the cessation of step training. J. Neurophysiol. 81: 85–94, 1999. Adult spinal cats were trained to perform bipedal hindlimb locomotion on a treadmill for 6–12 wk. After each animal acquired the ability to step, locomotor training was withheld, and stepping was reexamined 6 and 12 wk after training ended. The performance characteristics, hindlimb muscle electromyographic activity patterns, and kinematic characteristics of the step cycle that were acquired with training were largely maintained when training was withheld for 6 wk. However, after 12 wk without training, locomotor performance declined, i.e., stumbling was more frequent, and the ability to consistently execute full weight-bearing steps at any treadmill speed decreased. In addition, the height that the paw was lifted during the swing phase decreased, and a smaller range of extension in the hindlimbs occurred during the E3 phase of stance. When three of the spinal cats underwent 1 wk of retraining, stepping ability was regained more rapidly than when trained initially. The finding that stepping ability in trained adult spinal cats can persist for 6 wk without training provides further evidence that training-induced enhancement of stepping is learned in the spinal cats and that a memory of the enhanced stepping is stored in the spinal networks. However, it appears that the spinal cord can forget how to consistently execute stepping if that task is not practiced for 12 wk. The more rapid learning that occurred with retraining is also consistent with a learning phenomenon. These results in conjunction with our earlier findings suggest that the efficacy of the neural pathways that execute a motor task is highly dependent on the periodic activation of those pathways in a sequence compatible with that motor task.

A Systematic Review of Rehabilitation Exercises to Progressively Load the Gluteus Medius

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay R. Ebert ◽  
Peter K. Edwards ◽  
Daniel P. Fick ◽  
Gregory C. Janes
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
High Load ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Exercise Type ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercises ◽  
Very High

Context:Gluteus medius rehabilitation is of critical importance given its role in pelvic and lower limb stability, and the known link between gluteus medius weakness and many lower limb conditions.Objective:To systematically review the literature and present an evidence-based graduated series of exercises to progressively load gluteus medius.Evidence Acquisition:A systematic literature search was conducted in January 2016 to identify studies reporting gluteus medius muscle activity as a percentage of maximal volitional isometric contraction (MVIC), during rehabilitation exercises. Studies that investigated injury free participants were included. No restrictions were placed on the type or mode of exercise, though exercises that could not be accurately replicated or performed within an independent setting were excluded. Studies that did not normalize electromyographic activity to a side lying MVIC were excluded. Exercises were stratified based on exercise type and %MVIC: low (0% to 20%), moderate (21% to 40%), high (41% to 60%), and very high (> 61%).Evidence Synthesis:20 studies were included in this review, reporting outcomes in 33 exercises (and a range of variations of the same exercise). Prone, quadruped, and bilateral bridge exercises generally produced low or moderate load. Specific hip abduction/rotation exercises were reported as moderate, high, or very high load. Unilateral stance exercises in the presence of contralateral limb movement were often high or very high load activities, while high variability existed across a range of functional weight-bearing exercises.Conclusions:This review outlined a series of exercises commonly employed in a rehabilitation setting, stratified based on exercise type and the magnitude of gluteus medius muscular activation. This will assist clinicians in tailoring gluteus medius loading regimens to patients, from the early postoperative through to later stages of rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The electromyographic activity characteristics of the gluteus medius muscle before and after total hip arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Kopeć _ ◽  
Przemysław Bereza ◽  
Grzegorz Sobota ◽  
Grzegorz Hajduk ◽  
Damian Kusz
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Gluteus Medius Muscle ◽  
Total Hip

Purpose: The clinical outcomes of total hip arthroplasty are influenced by the correct muscle function that determines good, longterm and proper function of the artificial joint. The aim of the study was to analyze the electromyographic activity of the gluteus medius muscle in patients with hip osteoarthritis and after arthroplasty in various static weight bearing conditions, both on the affected and contralateral side. Methods: The prospective study involved 70 patients qualified for hip replacement. Patients underwent a surface electromyography of the gluteus medius muscle which involved the Trendelenburg test. The normalized results were obtained for both hips, preoperatively and 6 months after arthroplasty. Results: The only muscle activity differences were found at a full load condition of lower limb. In the preoperative assessment, the activity of the gluteus medius muscle was greater on the side qualified for surgery. After arthroplasty and the rehabilitation period, the muscle activity on the operated side decreased and significantly increased on the contralateral side. Detailed analysis of the contralateral side revealed relationship with osteoarthritis. Previous hip arthroplasty of that side resulted in lower muscle activity, similar to fully functional joints. Conclusion: The activity characteristics of the gluteus medius muscle vary depending on the condition of the joint, and the characteristics change as a result of the surgical procedure performed on both the operated and contralateral sides. These dependencies should be taken into account in the rehabilitation process, especially at the side opposite to the operated one.

scholarly journals Comparison of electromyographic activity of quadriceps muscle in persons with unilateral traumatic transtibial amputation using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected limb in weight bearing positions.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dipti Naik ◽  
Vaibhav Dolas
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Transtibial Amputation ◽  
Bipedal Stance ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: comparison of electromyographic activity of quadriceps muscle in persons with unilateral traumatic transtibial amputation using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected limb in weight bearing positions. Method: 30 individuals  aged 18-60 years were assessed using surface electromyography with functional level K3 according to K-level functional assessment scale to compare the activity of quadriceps of affected side using patellar tendon bearing supracondylar endoskeletal prosthesis with the unaffected side. The data was analysed using paired t-test. Result:  There was a significant difference in the activity of VMO and VLO muscles of the quadriceps in high sitting positions. There was also a significant difference in the activity of VMO muscle in single limb stance and bipedal stance. However, there was no significant difference between the activity of VLO muscle in bipedal stance but there was reduced activity of VLO muscle in the prosthetic limb in single limb stance. Conclusion: The quadriceps activity was reduced in the affected limb in high sitting position, single  limb stance and bipedal stance. However, no difference in the muscle activity was noted in VLO muscle in bipedal stance. Keywords: trans tibial amputation, patellar tendon bearing supracondylar prosthetis, surface electromyography. 

Hindlimb Locomotor and Postural Training Modulates Glycinergic Inhibition in the Spinal Cord of the Adult Spinal Cat

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. de Leon ◽  
H. Tamaki ◽  
J. A. Hodgson ◽  
R. R. Roy ◽  
V. R. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Hindlimb Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glycinergic Inhibition ◽  
Locomotor Ability

Adult spinal cats were trained initially to perform either bipedal hindlimb locomotion on a treadmill or full-weight-bearing hindlimb standing. After 12 wk of training, stepping ability was tested before and after the administration (intraperitoneal) of the glycinergic receptor antagonist, strychnine. Spinal cats that were trained to stand after spinalization had poor locomotor ability as reported previously, but strychnine administration induced full-weight-bearing stepping in their hindlimbs within 30–45 min. In the cats that were trained to step after spinalization, full-weight-bearing stepping occurred and was unaffected by strychnine. Each cat then was retrained to perform the other task for 12 wk and locomotor ability was retested. The spinal cats that were trained initially to stand recovered the ability to step after they received 12 wk of treadmill training and strychnine was no longer effective in facilitating their locomotion. Locomotor ability declined in the spinal cats that were retrained to stand and strychnine restored the ability to step to the levels that were acquired after the step-training period. Based on analyses of hindlimb muscle electromyographic activity patterns and kinematic characteristics, strychnine improved the consistency of the stepping and enhanced the execution of hindlimb flexion during full-weight-bearing step cycles in the spinal cats when they were trained to stand but not when they were trained to step. The present findings provide evidence that 1) the neural circuits that generate full-weight-bearing hindlimb stepping are present in the spinal cord of chronic spinal cats that can and cannot step; however, the ability of these circuits to interpret sensory input to drive stepping is mediated at least in part by glycinergic inhibition; and 2) these spinal circuits adapt to the specific motor task imposed, and that these adaptations may include modifications in the glycinergic pathways that provide inhibition.

Locomotory behavior in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta: kinematic and electromyographic analyses of the thoracic legs in larvae and adults.

1996 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M Johnston ◽  
R B Levine
Keyword(s):  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Cycle Period ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Thoracic Legs ◽  
Leg Movements

During metamorphosis in Manduca sexta, muscles and most sensory structures of the thoracic legs undergo extensive changes while the motor neurons that are present in the larva persist into the adult. The main goal of this work was to identify similarities and dissimilarities in thoracic leg movements during crawling in larvae and walking in adults. This information provides a foundation for understanding the extent to which centrally located neural elements are reorganized during metamorphosis to accommodate changes in locomotion. Analysis of electromyographic activity from leg muscles synchronized with video-taped recordings of the leg movements during larval crawling and adult walking revealed differences in cycle periods as well as intersegmental and intrasegmental patterns of coordination. Larval crawling was characterized by synchronous movements of segmental pairs of legs as activity proceeded slowly from the move posterior to the more anterior segments. During crawling, antagonistic muscles maintained a strict reciprocity. In contrast, walking in adults was characterized by fast, alternating movements of the left and right prothoracic legs and more variable coordination patterns in the mesothoracic and metathoracic legs (ranging from synchrony to alternation). In adults, sensory information, possibly associated with the weight-bearing or postural demands of walking on an incline, contributed to a strong dependence between the duration of muscle activity and cycle period and to the extent that the muscle activity overlapped during walking.

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