Assessment of free fetal DNA concentration in maternal plasma during the first trimester of pregnancy: comparative study between EDTA and PPT tubes – pilot study

Abstract Background: Circulating fetal DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma has been measured to investigate its possible relationship with pregnancy-related disorders, including fetal trisomy 21 and preeclampsia. The circulating concentrations of single-copy fetal genes, however, are close to the detection limits of PCR methods. Methods: We optimized a protocol for the real-time quantitative PCR amplification of the multicopy sequence DYS14 on the Y-chromosome. This was compared with an established real-time PCR assay for the single-copy SRY gene. Results: By probit regression analysis, the measurements of male DNA by the DYS14 assay had a 10-fold lower detection limit (0.4 genome equivalents) than did measurements of SRY. For plasma samples from women in the first trimester of pregnancy, imprecision (CV) was 2%–22% when amplifying DYS14 compared with 26%–140% for SRY. Conclusions: The low copy numbers of fetal DNA in plasma of women in the first trimester of pregnancy cannot be measured precisely when targeting single-copy sequences. Better results are obtained by amplifying a sequence that is present in multiple copies per male genome.

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AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF GARBHINI CHARDI (Emesis Gravidarum) WITH CHATURJATA CHOORNA (CHATURJATA POWDER) - A PILOT STUDY

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj0308072020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 4317-4323

Author(s):

Priyanka 1 ◽

Shreyes. S ◽

Yogitha Bali M.R

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

First Trimester ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Morning Sickness ◽

Excessive Salivation ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Rice Water ◽

Single Blind

Background: During pregnancy many demands are made by growing fetus, to meet these requirements maternal system has to undergo certain changes. Garbhinichardi (Emesis Gravidarum) is one among them and this has been termed as Gruhita Garbha Lakshanas (Immediate signs of conception) in Ayurvedic clas-sics. Approximately 80 % of pregnant women experience excessive salivation, nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, commonly known as “morning sickness”, which is seen frequently throughout the day. Design: This is single blind pilot study. 30 patients with complaints of Garbhinichardi (Emesis Gravidarum) in first trimester were included in this study. Patients were given Chaturjatachurna (Chatutjata powder)for a peri-od of 2 weeks in dose of 3gms thrice a day after meal with Anupana (Adjuvant) as Madhu (honey) of 5ml mixed with Tandulodaka (Raw rice water) Results: This pilot study showed statistically significant changes with Chaturjatachurna in reducing the complaints of pregnant women such as nausea (p<0.001), vomiting (p<0.001) and Aruchi (Anorexia) (p<0.001) in their first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: Chaturjata-churna was effective in the management of Garbhini Chardi (Emesis Gravidarum) and other symptoms in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Maternal plasma antioxidant status in the first trimester of pregnancy and development of obstetric complications

Placenta ◽

10.1016/j.placenta.2016.08.090 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 37-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

David Ramiro-Cortijo ◽

Teresa Herrera ◽

Pilar Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽

Ángel L. López De Pablo ◽

María De La Calle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Status ◽

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Obstetric Complications ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Plasma Antioxidant

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A prospective analysis of cell-free fetal DNA concentration in maternal plasma as an indicator for adverse pregnancy outcome

Prenatal Diagnosis ◽

10.1002/pd.1513 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 831-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Margit Bauer ◽

Georg Hutterer ◽

Martina Eder ◽

Sandra Majer ◽

Erik LeShane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Prospective Analysis ◽

Dna Concentration ◽

Fetal Dna ◽

Cell Free Fetal Dna ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

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Relationship between Severity of Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Fetal DNA Concentration in Maternal Plasma

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/49.10.1667 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 49 (10) ◽

pp. 1667-1669 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Yumi Sugito ◽

Akihiko Sekizawa ◽

Antonio Farina ◽

Yasuo Yukimoto ◽

Hiroshi Saito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Dna Concentration ◽

Fetal Dna

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The Role of Kisspeptin in the Ovarian Cycle, Pregnancy, and Fertility

10.5772/intechopen.98446 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erin Ahart ◽

Elaine Phillips ◽

Michael Wolfe ◽

Courtney Marsh

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Trophoblast Invasion ◽

Diagnostic Potential ◽

Beta Hcg ◽

Hypothalamic Nuclei ◽

First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽

Regulatory Functions

Kisspeptins are a group of neuropeptides with regulatory functions related to puberty, fertility, and reproduction. They are primarily produced by hypothalamic nuclei and are thought to regulate the activity of neurons that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone. They are also expressed by placental syncytiotrophoblasts in developing pregnancies and are likely involved in the processes of trophoblast invasion and placentation. Similarly to beta-hCG, kisspeptins are found in maternal plasma during the first trimester of pregnancy and increase proportionately with gestational age. Because of their role in implantation, there is currently interest in the use of kisspeptins as minimally invasive biomarkers. It is suspected that maternal kisspeptin levels have diagnostic potential in identifying viable early pregnancies.

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Effective detection of fetal sex using circulating fetal DNA in first‐trimester maternal plasma

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fj.11-191429 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 250-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ji Hyae Lim ◽

So Yeon Park ◽

Shin Young Kim ◽

Do Jin Kim ◽

Ji Eun Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

First Trimester ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Fetal Sex ◽

Fetal Dna ◽

Circulating Fetal Dna

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Recent Advances in Fetal Nucleic Acids in Maternal Plasma

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1369/jhc.4r6362.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 293-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Y.M. Dennis Lo

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Diagnosis ◽

First Trimester ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Maternal Plasma ◽

Fetal Dna ◽

Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis ◽

Cell Free Fetal Dna ◽

Circulating Fetal Dna ◽

Circulating Rna ◽

Near Future

The discovery of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma in 1997 has opened up new possibilities for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Circulating fetal DNA molecules have been detected in maternal plasma from the first trimester onwards and can be robustly detected using a variety of molecular methods. This approach has been used for the prenatal investigation of sex-linked diseases, fetal RhD status, and prenatal exclusion of β-thalassemia major. Recently, fetal RNA has also been found in maternal plasma. Such fetal RNA has been shown to originate from the placenta and to be remarkably stable. The use of microarray-based approaches has made it feasible to rapidly generate new circulating RNA markers. It is hoped that further developments in this field will make the routine and widespread practice of noninvasive nucleic acid-based prenatal diagnosis for common pregnancy-associated disorders feasible in the near future.

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