Secretagogin is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

Tumor Cells ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that secretagogin, encoded by SCGN, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). Secretagogin was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). SCGN mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of SCGN in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of SCGN expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

XCR1 is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/gyqtf ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Free Survival ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the receptor for chemokines XCL1 and XCL2, the X-C motif chemokine receptor 1, encoded by XCR1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). XCR1 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). XCR1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of XCR1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of XCR1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

FOXD2 is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/7m8ta ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Forkhead Box ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the forkhead box D2, encoded by FOXD2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). FOXD2 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). FOXD2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of FOXD2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of FOXD2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

POT1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/b36jq ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that protection of telomeres 1, encoded by POT1, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. An antisense non-coding RNA transcribed at the POT1 locus was also found to be differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues of patients with metastatic breast cancer. POT1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of POT1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of POT1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain.

ERH is differentially expressed in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/qf9us ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Tumor Cells ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Free Survival ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the enhancer of rudimentary homolog, encoded by ERH, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast (4). ERH was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer (5). ERH mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of ERH in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of ERH expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

Rab11 family-interacting protein 4, RAB11FIP4, is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/m32yb ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Interacting Protein ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Free Survival ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that Rab11 family-interacting protein 4, encoded by RAB11FIP4, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. RAB11FIP4 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of RAB11FIP4 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of RAB11FIP4 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

TOM1L2 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

10.31219/osf.io/y4am3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Node Metastases ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the target of myb1-like 2, encoded by TOM1L2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. TOM1L2 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TOM1L2 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of TOM1L2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

NECAB3 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

10.31219/osf.io/fx7vk ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Calcium Binding ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding protein 3, encoded by NECAB3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. NECAB3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of NECAB3 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of NECAB3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

TTF1 is a differentially expressed gene in both lymph node and brain metastases in human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/cjksh ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that transcription termination factor 1, encoded by TTF1, was among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. TTF1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TTF1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of TTF1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain. These data are one piece of evidence suggesting a common ancestor or tumor clone for brain and lymph node metastases that originate from the primary tumor, alluding to patterns in developmental origin and migratory pathways through the lymph node in human brain metastatic breast cancer.

GRHL3 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.

10.31219/osf.io/qpnhj ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Human Breast ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that grainyhead-like transcription factor 3, encoded by GRHL3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. GRHL3 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of GRHL3 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival. Modulation of GRHL3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.

CHST8 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.

10.31219/osf.io/7caeh ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Problem ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Node Metastases ◽

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that carbohydrate sulfotransferase 8, encoded by CHST8, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. CHST8 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CHST8 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of CHST8 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer.