scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Language Predictors of Two-Year Trauma-Related Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽  
H. Andrew Schwartz ◽  
Camilo Ruggero ◽  
Youngseo Son ◽  
Jiaju Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: Recent research on artificial intelligence has demonstrated that natural language can be used to provide valid indicators of psychopathology. The present study examined artificial intelligence-based language predictors (ALPs) of seven trauma-related mental and physical health outcomes in responders to the World Trade Center disaster. Methods: The responders (N = 174, Mage = 55.4 years) provided daily voicemail updates over 14 days. Algorithms developed using machine learning in large social media discovery samples were applied to the voicemail transcriptions to derive ALP scores for several risk factors (depressivity, anxiousness, anger proneness, stress, and personality). Responders also completed self-report assessments of these risk factors at baseline and trauma-related mental and physical health outcomes at two-year follow-up (including symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, sleep disturbance, respiratory problems, and GERD). Results: Voicemail ALPs were significantly associated with a majority of the trauma-related outcomes at two-year follow-up, over and above corresponding baseline self-reports. ALPs showed significant convergence with corresponding self-report scales, but also considerable uniqueness from each other and from self-report scales. Limitations: The study has a relatively short follow-up period relative to trauma occurrence and a limited sample size. Conclusions: This study shows evidence that ALPs may provide a novel, objective, and clinically useful approach to forecasting, and may in the future help to identify individuals at risk for negative health outcomes.

scholarly journals Sleep and inflammation in resilient aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 20140009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Biological Pathway ◽  
Chronic Disease Risk ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Sleep quality is important to health, and increasingly viewed as critical in promoting successful, resilient aging. In this review, the interplay between sleep and mental and physical health is considered with a focus on the role of inflammation as a biological pathway that translates the effects of sleep on risk of depression, pain and chronic disease risk in aging. Given that sleep regulates inflammatory biologic mechanisms with effects on mental and physical health outcomes, the potential of interventions that target sleep to reduce inflammation and promote health in aging is also discussed.

The Effects of Polyvictimization on Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in an LGBTQ Sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Kassing ◽  
Tracy Casanova ◽  
James A. Griffin ◽  
Elizabeth Wood ◽  
Lara M. Stepleman
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Exploring the Role of Expectancies in the Mental and Physical Health Outcomes of Written Self-Disclosure

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace L. Patterson ◽  
Jefferson A. Singer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Emotional self-disclosure yields mental and physical health benefits. Methods for enhancing this intervention have largely been ignored in the literature. Building from research that indicates that expectations play a role in self-disclosure's outcomes, the current research examined expectations and self-disclosure. Health outcomes were assessed in 40 female college students who participated in a written self-disclosure exercise for 15 minutes for 3 consecutive days. In order to determine the interactive influence of self-disclosure and expectancy on mental and physical health outcomes, participants self-disclosed a traumatic or trivial topic and the researchers attempted to manipulate participants' expectancies concerning the benefits produced by self-disclosure. Women who disclosed traumas and were given the expectancy that disclosure would yield benefits had decreased interpersonal sensitivity and interpersonal alienation 1 month after disclosure. Limitations and recommendations are discussed. Creating positive expectations may represent a method for enhancing the positive effects of emotional expression.

Cultivating dependence, denial, and self-blame: The use and effects of coercive tactics in intimate partner violence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Veldhuis
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Abusive Relationships ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Little research has investigated coercive tactics in intimate partner violence, and even less has examined coercive tactics among LGBTQIA+ relationships despite their higher rates of intimate partner violence. Abusers may consciously exploit these tactics to ensure dependence and enable continued abuse. To demonstrate this, I use research on abusers’ controlling and coercive tactics and delineate the predictable effects on victims such as lowering their awareness of the violence, decreasing the likelihood of disclosure, and locating blame for the abuse in the victim. In doing so, I also marshal the limited research on coercive tactics in LGBTQIA+ relationships to broaden understanding of coercive tactics in relationships outside of solely heterosexual couples. Abusive relationships in which coercive tactics are used to establish and maintain control may lead to worse mental and physical health outcomes for the victim and may be more violent than bi-directional violence and other forms of intimate partner violence. These dynamics may have unique and pernicious effects on LGBTQIA+ couples. Understanding the patterns of coercive behaviors may help abused partners decrease self-blame and understand the broader context in which they and their abuser are situated which is vital to better understand the dynamics of violence and to end violence.

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