scholarly journals Association between Active School Travel and Depressive Symptoms among 51,702 Adolescents in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-an Liu ◽  
Si-Tong Chen ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
School Travel ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Active School Travel ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose: Little is known about the role of active school travel (AST) on mental health among adolescents. Thus, this study aimed to explore the association between AST and depressive symptoms among adolescents aged 12-15 yeas from 26 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods: Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 51,702 adolescents [mean (SD) age 13.8 (1.0) years; 49.3% girls). Self-reported measures assessed depressive symptoms during the past 12 months, and AST. Participants reporting yes for depressive symptoms and having 5 or more days for walking or cycling to school were regarded as having depressive symptoms and AST. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed and a countrywide meta-analysis undertaken. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms and AST were 30.0% and 37.0%, respectively. Compared with those not having AST, adolescents with AST were less likely to have self-reported depressive symptoms (OR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.85-0.93) regardless of gender. Countrywide meta-analysis demonstrated that having AST versus not having AST was associated with 12% decreased odds for depressive symptoms (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.82-0.94) but with a moderate between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 59.0%). Conclusion: The current study indicates that AST may be an effective prevention against depressive symptoms among adolescents from LMICs. However, when implementing interventions based on AST to reduce depressive symptoms, more country-specific factors should be taken into consideration. Future studies should adopt improved study design to confirm or negate our research findings, which informs public mental health interventions.

Physical injury and psychotic experiences in 48 low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stickley ◽  
T. Sumiyoshi ◽  
Z. Narita ◽  
H. Oh ◽  
J. E. DeVylder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractBackgroundPsychotic experiences (PEs) may be associated with injuries, but studies focusing specifically on low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) are scarce. Thus, the current study examined the link between injuries and PEs in a large number of LAMICs.MethodCross-sectional data were used from 242 952 individuals in 48 LAMICs that were collected during the World Health Survey in 2002–2004 to examine the association between traffic-related and other (non-traffic-related) forms of injury and PEs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were used to examine associations while controlling for a variety of covariates including depression.ResultsIn fully adjusted analyses, any injury [odds ratio (OR) 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85–2.31], traffic injury (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.53–2.21) and other injury (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.84–2.37) were associated with higher odds for PEs. Results from a country-wise analysis showed that any injury was associated with significantly increased odds for PEs in 39 countries with the overall pooled OR estimated by meta-analysis being 2.46 (95% CI 2.22–2.74) with a moderate level of between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 56.3%). Similar results were observed across all country income levels (low, lower-middle and upper-middle).ConclusionsDifferent types of injury are associated with PEs in LAMICs. Improving mental health systems and trauma capacity in LAMICs may be important for preventing injury-related negative mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Active School Travel Is Associated with Fewer Suicide Attempts Among 127, 097 Adolescents Aged 13 to 17 Years from 34 Low-and Middle-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Tong Chen ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Cain Clark ◽  
Zhihao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
School Travel ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
School Based ◽  
Active School Travel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Subjects: This study explored the association between active school travel (AST) and suicide attempts among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We used the data from the Global School-based Health Survey, including 127, 097 adolescents aged 13-17 years from 34 LMICs. A self-reported survey was used to collect data on AST and suicide attempts as well as some key control variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between AST and suicide attempts. A meta-analysis with random effects was undertaken to identify the difference in the association between AST and suicide attempts. Results: Across all the adolescents, the prevalence of AST was 37.0% (at least five times a week) and the prevalence of suicide attempts was 11.6% (at least once in the past 12 months). Adolescents who engaged in AST were less likely to have suicide attempts (OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.90) irrespective of gender (boys: OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.64-0.90; girls: OR = 0.87, 0.78-0.98). The country-wise analysis indicated a large inconsistency in the association between AST and suicide attempt across the countries (I2 = 63%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: AST would appear to be a protective factor for reducing suicide attempts among adolescents in LMICs. However, the association between AST and suicide attempts varied greatly across the countries. Future studies should confirm or negate the association between AST and suicide attempts. When designing interventions aimed at preventing suicide attempts for adolescents, country-specific factors should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Active School Travel is Associated With Fewer Suicide Attempts Among 127, 097 Adolescents Aged 13 to 17 Years From 34 Low-and Middle-income Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Tong Chen ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Cain Clark ◽  
Zhihao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
School Travel ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
School Based ◽  
Active School Travel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background. This study explored the association between active school travel (AST) and suicide attempts among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. We used the data from the Global School-based Health Survey, including 127, 097 adolescents aged 13-17 years from 34 LMICs. A self-reported survey was used to collect data on AST and suicide attempts as well as some key control variables. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between AST and suicide attempts. A meta-analysis with random effects was undertaken to identify the difference in the association between AST and suicide attempts. Results. Across all the adolescents, the prevalence of AST was 37.0% and the prevalence of suicide attempts was 11.6%. Adolescents who engaged in AST were less likely to have suicide attempts irrespective of gender. The country-wise analysis indicated a large inconsistency in the association between AST and suicide attempt across the countries. Conclusions. AST would appear to be a protective factor for reducing suicide attempts among adolescents in LMICs. However, the association between AST and suicide attempts varied greatly across the countries. Future studies should confirm or negate the association between AST and suicide attempts.

scholarly journals Impact of maternal mental health interventions on child-related outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Tol ◽  
M. C. Greene ◽  
M. E. Lasater ◽  
K. Le Roch ◽  
C. Bizouerne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Child Height ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aims Observational studies have shown a relationship between maternal mental health (MMH) and child development, but few studies have evaluated whether MMH interventions improve child-related outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this review is to synthesise findings on the effectiveness of MMH interventions to improve child-related outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We searched for randomised controlled trials conducted in LMICs evaluating interventions with a MMH component and reporting children's outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed on outcomes included in at least two trials. Results We identified 21 trials with 28 284 mother–child dyads. Most trials were conducted in middle-income countries, evaluating home visiting interventions delivered by general health workers, starting in the third trimester of pregnancy. Only ten trials described acceptable methods for blinding outcome assessors. Four trials showed high risk of bias in at least two of the seven domains assessed in this review. Narrative synthesis showed promising but inconclusive findings for child-related outcomes. Meta-analysis identified a sizeable impact of interventions on exclusive breastfeeding (risk ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.71, ten trials, N = 4749 mother–child dyads, I2 = 61%) and a small effect on child height-for-age at 6-months (std. mean difference = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02–0.24, three trials, N = 1388, I2 = 0%). Meta-analyses did not identify intervention benefits for child cognitive and other growth outcomes; however, few trials measured these outcomes. Conclusions These findings support the importance of MMH to improve child-related outcomes in LMICs, particularly exclusive breastfeeding. Given, the small number of trials and methodological limitations, more rigorous trials should be conducted.

scholarly journals Psychosocial interventions for reducing depression among the elderly in low and middle income countries: A Systematic Review Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Mutambi Amanyire ◽  
Irene Aheisibwe ◽  
Godfrey Zari Rukundo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: According to the World Health Organization, depression is expected to be the largest contributor to the global disease burden by 2030. Depression is the most frequent cause of emotional distress and reduced quality of life among older people affecting over 12% of the individuals aged 65 or older, . Psychosocial interventions have been proven to be effective in the management of depression. Most of the available evidence is from high income settings, with paucity of information in low and middle income countries which carry the biggest burden of depression and other health challenges. In this systematic review, we will document evidence on psychosocial interventions that have been effective in treatment of depression among elderly people in low and middle income countries. Methods: The review will be conducted and reported in accordance to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. We will include journal articles that have documented the psychosocial interventions in the primary prevention of depressive symptoms in elderly people aged 60 or older. We will also include accessible grey literature about the topic. We will include articles that have documented the psychosocial interventions to address depression in elderly patients in low and middle income countries. We will search different search engines and data bases including PubMed, EMBASE, Psych-INFO, Cochrane Library. We will use a meta-analysis, should we find that there is no heterogeneity between included studies.Discussion: This protocol describes a planned systematic review of observational studies reporting psychosocial interventions in the management of depressive symptoms in elderly people aged 60 or older. We anticipate that once this review is complete and published, our findings will be of interest to the elderly with depressive symptoms, their families and caregivers, students, and other healthcare professionals, scientists and policy makers. Systematic review registration: This protocol will not be registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews since the system is no longer accepting new protocols.

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