scholarly journals Impact of maternal mental health interventions on child-related outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Tol ◽  
M. C. Greene ◽  
M. E. Lasater ◽  
K. Le Roch ◽  
C. Bizouerne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Child Height ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aims Observational studies have shown a relationship between maternal mental health (MMH) and child development, but few studies have evaluated whether MMH interventions improve child-related outcomes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this review is to synthesise findings on the effectiveness of MMH interventions to improve child-related outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We searched for randomised controlled trials conducted in LMICs evaluating interventions with a MMH component and reporting children's outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed on outcomes included in at least two trials. Results We identified 21 trials with 28 284 mother–child dyads. Most trials were conducted in middle-income countries, evaluating home visiting interventions delivered by general health workers, starting in the third trimester of pregnancy. Only ten trials described acceptable methods for blinding outcome assessors. Four trials showed high risk of bias in at least two of the seven domains assessed in this review. Narrative synthesis showed promising but inconclusive findings for child-related outcomes. Meta-analysis identified a sizeable impact of interventions on exclusive breastfeeding (risk ratio = 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.71, ten trials, N = 4749 mother–child dyads, I2 = 61%) and a small effect on child height-for-age at 6-months (std. mean difference = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02–0.24, three trials, N = 1388, I2 = 0%). Meta-analyses did not identify intervention benefits for child cognitive and other growth outcomes; however, few trials measured these outcomes. Conclusions These findings support the importance of MMH to improve child-related outcomes in LMICs, particularly exclusive breastfeeding. Given, the small number of trials and methodological limitations, more rigorous trials should be conducted.

scholarly journals Maternal mental health in primary care in five low- and middle-income countries: a situational analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Baron ◽  
Charlotte Hanlon ◽  
Sumaya Mall ◽  
Simone Honikman ◽  
Erica Breuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals The future of psychiatry in low- and middle-income countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1759-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Treatment Gap ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health Leadership ◽  
Low And Middle Income

The great shortage, and inequitable distribution, of psychiatrists in low- and middle-income countries is one of the key reasons for the large treatment gap for people with mental disorders. Psychiatrists need to play a public mental health leadership role in increasing the coverage of mental health care through task shifting of effective interventions to non-specialist health workers. Psychiatrists' new roles should include designing and managing such programmes, building clinical capacity, supervision and quality assurance, providing referral pathways and research.

Physical injury and psychotic experiences in 48 low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stickley ◽  
T. Sumiyoshi ◽  
Z. Narita ◽  
H. Oh ◽  
J. E. DeVylder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractBackgroundPsychotic experiences (PEs) may be associated with injuries, but studies focusing specifically on low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) are scarce. Thus, the current study examined the link between injuries and PEs in a large number of LAMICs.MethodCross-sectional data were used from 242 952 individuals in 48 LAMICs that were collected during the World Health Survey in 2002–2004 to examine the association between traffic-related and other (non-traffic-related) forms of injury and PEs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were used to examine associations while controlling for a variety of covariates including depression.ResultsIn fully adjusted analyses, any injury [odds ratio (OR) 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85–2.31], traffic injury (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.53–2.21) and other injury (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.84–2.37) were associated with higher odds for PEs. Results from a country-wise analysis showed that any injury was associated with significantly increased odds for PEs in 39 countries with the overall pooled OR estimated by meta-analysis being 2.46 (95% CI 2.22–2.74) with a moderate level of between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 56.3%). Similar results were observed across all country income levels (low, lower-middle and upper-middle).ConclusionsDifferent types of injury are associated with PEs in LAMICs. Improving mental health systems and trauma capacity in LAMICs may be important for preventing injury-related negative mental health outcomes.

scholarly journals Association between Active School Travel and Depressive Symptoms among 51,702 Adolescents in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-an Liu ◽  
Si-Tong Chen ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
School Travel ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Active School Travel ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose: Little is known about the role of active school travel (AST) on mental health among adolescents. Thus, this study aimed to explore the association between AST and depressive symptoms among adolescents aged 12-15 yeas from 26 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods: Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 51,702 adolescents [mean (SD) age 13.8 (1.0) years; 49.3% girls). Self-reported measures assessed depressive symptoms during the past 12 months, and AST. Participants reporting yes for depressive symptoms and having 5 or more days for walking or cycling to school were regarded as having depressive symptoms and AST. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed and a countrywide meta-analysis undertaken. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms and AST were 30.0% and 37.0%, respectively. Compared with those not having AST, adolescents with AST were less likely to have self-reported depressive symptoms (OR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.85-0.93) regardless of gender. Countrywide meta-analysis demonstrated that having AST versus not having AST was associated with 12% decreased odds for depressive symptoms (OR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.82-0.94) but with a moderate between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 59.0%). Conclusion: The current study indicates that AST may be an effective prevention against depressive symptoms among adolescents from LMICs. However, when implementing interventions based on AST to reduce depressive symptoms, more country-specific factors should be taken into consideration. Future studies should adopt improved study design to confirm or negate our research findings, which informs public mental health interventions.

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