scholarly journals Trends in Years Spent as Mothers of Young Children: The Role of Completed Fertility, Birth Spacing, and Multiple Partner Fertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine R. Schwartz ◽  
Catherine Doren ◽  
Anita Li
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Multiple Partner ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Fertility Data ◽  
Multiple Partner Fertility

The number of years women spend as mothers of young children likely has implications for women’s lifetime wages, earnings, and time use. Much prior research has pointed to widening education differences in a wide array of family patterns, but none has examined trends in the number of years women spend as mothers of young children. We use retrospective fertility data from the 2014 Survey of Income and Program Participation to show how changes in women’s completed fertility and birth spacing produce trends in years women spend as mothers of children under age six from 1967 to 2017. Despite remarkably parallel declines in completed fertility, growing educational differences in birth spacing produced educational divergence in years spent as mothers of young children. Particularly striking is the finding that increases in birth spacing reversed declines in years spent as mothers for women with less than a high school degree such that they spent more years with young children in the 2010s than in the late 1960s. The increasing prevalence of multiple partner fertility explains some but not all of these trends.

scholarly journals Lifetime Parenthood in the Context of Single- and Multiple-Partner Fertility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linus Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
High Income ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Multiple Partner ◽  
Dependent Children ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Life Courses ◽  
Multiple Partner Fertility

The proportion of life spent caring for dependent children is a defining feature of life courses. This study analyzes the period of life spent as parents to children no older than 18 as a salient difference between single- and multiple-partner fertility trajectories. Individuals who have children with more than one partner spend a much longer time as parents to dependent children than those who have children with one partner, on average 8.2 more years among men and 6.2 more years among women. Cross-partner birth spacing is a more powerful proximate cause of this gap than completed fertility. The association is not confounded by social origins. Among those who have children with more than one partner, the number of years spent as parents varies slightly by socioeconomic position: high income earners on average spend one more year as parents than low income earners.

Developmental foundations of externalizing problems in young children: The role of effortful control

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl L. Olson ◽  
Arnold J. Sameroff ◽  
David C. Kerr ◽  
Nestor L. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Effortful Control

scholarly journals Psychosocial Obstacles in Young Children Argumentative Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Josephine Convertini
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Group I

Argumentation is an important aspect in the field of education because of its impact on learning processes. At the same time, argumentation is a complex activity in terms of cognitive, relational, emotional and social dynamics. In this paper, I investigate and I describe possible difficulties encountered by children during the argumentative process. The study involves 25 preschool children at a kindergarten engaged in three building tasks. The tasks were video-recorded and the argumentative discussions transcribed. For the aim of this paper, I analyze how argumentation are distributed among participants. I select interactions in which participants apparently do not argue or there are differences in the degree of argumentative participation between participants of the same group. I analyze these interactions and moments of impasse in the argumentative steps. The findings show how the simplicity of solving the task (e.g., when children do not encounter any problem in completing the activity) and the children’s self-perception of their competences in solving the task may have an impact on argumentation activities. Moreover, this perception is co-constructed by children within the interaction. The study contributes to the line of research on designing argumentation and highlights the role of the adult in managing children’s interactions.

The role of sweeteners in the diet of young children

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-247
Author(s):  
LuAnn Soliah ◽  
Janelle Walter ◽  
Thomas Parks ◽  
Kathleen Bevill ◽  
Bernadette Haschke
Keyword(s):  
Young Children

The role of production practice in lexical and phonological development – a commentary on Stoel-Gammon's ‘Relationships between lexical and phonological development in young children’*

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARILYN VIHMAN ◽  
TAMAR KEREN-PORTNOY
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Phonological Learning ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
The Relationship

Carol Stoel-Gammon has made a real contribution in bringing together two fields that are not generally jointly addressed. Like Stoel-Gammon, we have long focused on individual differences in phonological development (e.g. Vihman, Ferguson & Elbert, 1986; Vihman, Boysson-Bardies, Durand & Sundberg, 1994; Keren-Portnoy, Majorano & Vihman, 2008). And like her, we have been closely concerned with the relationship between lexical and phonological learning. Accordingly, we will focus our discussion on two areas covered by Stoel-Gammon (this issue) on which our current work may shed some additional light.

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