scholarly journals IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF MACHINE PARTS BASED ON THE COMBINED INFLUENCE OF STRONG MAGNETIC FIELDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (39) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
S. Kovalevskyу ◽  
О. Kovalevska ◽  
Yu. Lupa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
White Noise Generator ◽  
Machine Parts

Magnetic treatment is a promising method of hardening. Metal exposed to alternating magnetic fields changes the performance properties of the surface layer of a combination of magnetic and ultrasonic effects, provides a combined method of processing and strengthening surfaces of machine parts, which eliminates the main disadvantages of magnetic and electrical hardening — instability of physical and mechanical properties of this layer with detail. The purpose of the work is to investigate the possibility of improving the performance of machine parts based on the combined effect of strong magnetic fields. The study of the use of a uniform flux of magnetic fields generated by powerful permanent magnets was performed to affect the material volume of non-grinding plates of the cutting tool CNMG_120508E-M. The effect of uniform magnetic flux is initiated as a result of resonant oscillations of the sample caused by broadband exposure of equal amplitude by means of a "white noise" generator and a piezo emitter. The authors found that as a result of volumetric strengthening of non-grinding plates of carbide cutting tools, by exposure to polyfrequency oscillations in the form of a broadband frequency spectrum of equal amplitudes, a significant reduction in dimensional wear of the plates is achieved. Adding mechanical vibrations to the samples in a uniform constant magnetic field allowed to achieve volumetric hardening of the samples from 150 HB to 240 ÷ 250 HB, ie 60 ÷ 65% in 10—12 minutes, which is the hardening of the samples by 5—6% in one minute. The work on determining the relationship of changing properties with processing time, frequency range, amplitude and other modes to find the optimal values ​​of processing parameters, has great prospects for the ability to obtain a set of performance characteristics, control external and internal properties of products.

scholarly journals MAGNETIC RESONANCE PROCESSING OF MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (62) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
S. Kovalevskyy ◽  
◽  
O. Kovalevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Oscillations ◽  
White Noise Generator ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Equal Amplitude

Acoustic devices for determining the elasticity modulus based on the measurement of the samples frequency resonant oscillation due to the sample exposure to acoustic waves with consistently changed frequencies. Objective: Development of an algorithm for increasing the hardness of materials due to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and methods: The paper shows the possibility of using as a uniform flux to influence the volume of thematerial of the magnetic field formed by powerful permanent magnets. The process of influencing the volume of material of the experimental samples was that the effect of a uniform magnetic flux permeating the sample is initiated in a result of resonant oscillations of the sample caused by broadband exposure of equal amplitude using a “white noise” generator and a piezoelectric emitter. Results: Treatment of samples of materials placed in a uniform magnetic field, resonant polyfrequency vibrations with nanoscale amplitude in the range of 20...80 nm, allows you to change the viscosity of the material, the modulus of elasticity of the material and the hardness of material samples to improve the performance of these materials . Conclusions: Nanoscale amplitudes of natural oscillations of objects of complex shape in energy fields, which include uniform magnetic fields, can correct the physical and mechanical properties of materials of such objects in order to achieve their identity or add strictly defined properties.

Intensity distribution of strong magnetic fields created by opposing linear Halbach assemblies of permanent magnets

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Žežulka ◽  
Jaromír Pištora ◽  
Michal Lesňák ◽  
Pavel Straka ◽  
Dalibor Ciprian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields

Strong magnetic fields

1960 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Strakhovskii ◽  
N.V. Kravtsov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields

Magnetic molecular nanoclusters in strong magnetic fields

2002 ◽  
Vol 172 (11) ◽  
pp. 1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii K. Zvezdin ◽  
Viktor V. Kostyuchenko ◽  
V.V. Platonov ◽  
V.I. Plis ◽  
A.I. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields

scholarly journals Estimation of Wear Resistance for Multilayer Coatings Obtained by Nitrogenchroming

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1153
Author(s):  
Ivan Pavlenko ◽  
Jozef Zajac ◽  
Nadiia Kharchenko ◽  
Ján Duplák ◽  
Vitalii Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Wear Intensity ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Machine Parts

This article deals with improving the wear resistance of multilayer coatings as a fundamental problem in metal surface treatment, strengthening elements of cutting tools, and ensuring the reliability of machine parts. It aims to evaluate the wear depth for multilayer coatings by the mass loss distribution in layers. The article’s primary purpose is to develop a mathematical method for assessing the value of wear for multilayer steel-based coatings. The study material is a multilayer coating applied to steel DIN C80W1. The research was performed using up-to-date laboratory equipment. Nitrogenchroming has been realized under overpressure in two successive stages: nitriding for 36 h at temperature 540 °C and chromizing during 4 h at temperature 1050 °C. The complex analysis included several options: X-ray phase analysis, local micro-X-ray spectral analysis, durometric analysis, and determination of wear resistance. These analyses showed that after nitrogenchroming, the three-layer protective coating from Cr23C6, Cr7C3, and Cr2N was formed on the steel surface. Spectral analysis indicated that the maximum amount of chromium 92.2% is in the first layer from Cr23C6. The maximum amount of carbon 8.9% characterizes the layer from Cr7C3. Nitrogen is concentrated mainly in the Cr2N layer, and its maximum amount is 9.4%. Additionally, it was determined that the minimum wear is typical for steel DIN C80W1 after nitrogenchroming. The weight loss of steel samples by 25 mg was obtained. This value differs by 3.6% from the results evaluated analytically using the developed mathematical model of wear of multilayer coatings after complex metallization of steel DIN C80W1. As a result, the impact of the loading mode on the wear intensity of steel was established. As the loading time increases, the friction coefficient of the coated samples decreases. Among the studied samples, plates from steel DIN C80W1 have the lowest friction coefficient after nitrogenchroming. Additionally, a linear dependence of the mass losses on the wearing time was obtained for carbide and nitride coatings. Finally, an increase in loading time leads to an increase in the wear intensity of steels after nitrogenchroming. The achieved scientific results are applicable in developing methods of chemical-thermal treatment, improving the wear resistance of multilayer coatings, and strengthening highly loaded machine parts and cutting tools.

scholarly journals The measurement of the energy of cosmic rays - II—The curvature measurements and the energy spectrum

1936 ◽  
Vol 154 (883) ◽  
pp. 573-587 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Strong Magnetic Fields ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Primary Particles ◽  
Curvature Measurements

Both the penetrating power of the cosmic rays through material ab­sorbers and their ability to reach the earth in spite of its magnetic field, make it certain that the energy of many of the primary particles must reach at least 10 11 e-volts. However, the energy measurements by Kunze, and by Anderson, using cloud chambers in strong magnetic fields, have extended only to about 5 x 10 9 e-volts. Particles of greater energy were reported, but the curvature of their tracks was too small to be measured with certainty. We have extended these energy measurements to somewhat higher energies, using a large electro-magnet specially built for the purpose and described in Part I. As used in these experiments, the magnet allowed the photography of tracks 17 cm long in a field of about 14,000 gauss. The magnet weighed about 11,000 kilos and used a power of 25 kilowatts.

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