Intranasal Neuropeptide Y in Clinical Trial in Level Two Trauma Patients for PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Patients

scholarly journals Acute stress disorder and defense mechanisms: a study of physical trauma patients admitted to an emergency hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Rosane Moreira Santana ◽  
Cleonice Zatti ◽  
Mariana Lunardi Spader ◽  
Bibiana Godoi Malgarim ◽  
Emílio Salle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Passive Aggression

Abstract Introduction: Acute stress disorder (ASD) encompasses a set of symptoms that can arise in individuals after exposure to a traumatic event. This study assessed the defense mechanisms used by victims of physical trauma who developed ASD. Method: This was a controlled cross-sectional study of 146 patients who suffered physical trauma and required hospitalization. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate ASD symptoms based on DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, in addition to the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). Results: Ten participants (6.85%) received a positive diagnosis of ASD, and 136, (93.15%) a negative diagnosis. The majority of the sample consisted of men with median age ranging from 33.50 to 35.50. The most prevalent defense mechanisms among the 10 patients with ASD were cancellation and devaluation, which belong to the neurotic and immature factors, respectively. Positive associations between the presence of symptoms from criterion B of the DSM-5 and defense mechanisms from the DSQ were found. These included the mechanisms of undoing, projection, passive aggression, acting out, autistic fantasy, displacement, and somatization. Conclusion: Patients with ASD employed different defense mechanisms such as undoing and devaluation when compared to patients not diagnosed with ASD. These results mark the importance of early detection of ASD symptoms at a preventative level, thereby creating new possibilities for avoiding exacerbations related to the trauma, which represents an important advance in terms of public health.

scholarly journals Capturing acute stress disorder in the trauma population

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Janelle Marie Delle ◽  
Joan E. King
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Referral ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Trauma Population ◽  
Level I

Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) is classified as a psychiatric diagnosis that was first introduced to the DSM-IV in 1994. It was introduced to describe acute stress reactions that precede Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). ASD usually occurs within the first month after the occurrence of a traumatic event. Early recognition of ASD is crucial from both an early treatment standpoint and avoidance of progressing to PTSD, especially in the trauma population, as late recognition can lead to long-term mental and physical suffering. At this time, there is no protocol for screening of ASD upon admission to a Level I trauma center in the Southeast in the Unites States. Hence, not all trauma patients are assessed for ASD. Often, acute stress is recognized several days after admission, with late referrals to the psychiatric team for psychological evaluation and treatment. This late psychiatric referral often leads to the patient’s inability to participate in physical rehabilitation due to stress and anxiety, thus increasing hospital stay and use of resources. Thus, collaborating between the primary medical team and psychiatry team is essential and facilitates the recovery process for potential acute or long-term psychiatric disorders. To determine if ASD was recognized in the trauma population at a large Level I Trauma Center in the Southeast, and if referrals to psychiatry were initiated in a timely manner, this quality improvement study was developed. The data from this study served to correlate the percentage of patients who screened positive for ASD on admission to a sub-acute trauma floor.  A standardized tool called The Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ) was used to determine the frequency of ASD in this trauma population. We also ascertained if the trauma nurse practitioners (NPs) had requested a psychiatric referral without the use of the SASRQ tool.  Findings included 18 of the 50 trauma patients who had screened positive for ASD (36%). It was found that of those 18 patients who screened positive for ASD, 2 patients received a psychiatric consultation for evaluation and treatment. These findings suggest a needed focus of capturing ASD early in the admission process, using a validated screening tool, along with early psychological intervention to aid in prevention of PTSD post-discharge.

Acute Stress Disorder Following a Maritime Disaster Predicts Later PTSD

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn-Rose Saus ◽  
Roar Espevik ◽  
Bjorn Helge Johnsen ◽  
Jarle Eid ◽  
Jon Christian Laberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder

Acute Stress Disorder Interview

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Bryant ◽  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Suzanne T. Dang ◽  
Tanya Sackville
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder

scholarly journals Collision Every Night: Treating Nightmares with Trauma-focused Methods: Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Szabó ◽  
Szilvia Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Trauma Processing

Abstract Introduction We would like to present the case of a young patient with acute stress disorder and recurrent nightmares following the psychological trauma caused by a severe road traffic accident. The comprehensive therapy carried out at the Department of Traumatology included medication, trauma processing and a psychological method whose aim is to cease the development of nightmares. Case Presentation Psychiatric assessment and treatment was asked for a polytraumatised female patient at the Intensive Care Unit after she had undergone a neurosurgical intervention. Her medicinal treatment was continued at the Department of Traumatology. Besides the antidepressant venlafaxine she was treated in accordance with the EMDR protocol for acute stress disorder, and we also applied imagery rescripting to prevent her from having recurrent (daily) nightmares. As a result of the therapy, her symptoms were fast relieved, the nightmares stopped almost instantly, her mood improved, rumination and anxiety decreased significantly. Conclusions In view of the fast and significant symptomatic improvement, we can expect that the EMDR therapy and its protocol for acute stress disorder have successfully reactivated information processing, and besides the subjective relief we have managed to prevent a mental crisis that could lead to a suicide risk as well as the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. We also hope that the improvement will be long-lasting.

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