Lumbar nerve root compression by synovial cysts of the ligamentum flavum

1984 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel F. Abdullah ◽  
Robert W. Chambers ◽  
Dennis P. Daut
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Synovial Cysts ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Synovial cysts of the ligamentum flavum, measuring 1 cm in diameter, caused compression of the lumbar nerve roots in four patients. The authors discuss the association of these cysts with advanced focal spondylosis, and speculate on their etiology.

Traumatic lumbar nerve root meningocele

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. McLennan ◽  
William T. McLaughlin ◽  
Stanley A. Skillicorn
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A patient is described who developed an acute, occult, lumbosacral nerve root meningocele following a partial traumatic avulsion of the L-4 and L-5 nerve roots accompanied by fracture of the pelvis and fibula. Almost total functional recovery ensued. The differences between acute and chronic nerve root meningoceles are discussed, as well as the possibility of surgical intervention.

Lumbar nerve root compression at the intervertebral foramina caused by arthritis of the posterior facets

1973 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Epstein ◽  
Bernard S. Epstein ◽  
Leroy S. Lavine ◽  
Robert Carras ◽  
Alan D. Rosenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Intervertebral Foramina ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Unusual Stress ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report their experience with 12 cases in which the roots of the sciatic nerve were compressed at the intervertebral foramina by degenerative arthritis (arthrosis) of the posterior facets, and in which foraminotomy and facetectomy brought relief of pain. Patients with disc narrowing, spondylolisthesis, and transitional vertebrae place unusual stress on the posterior facets. This may lead to hypertrophy and the development of marginal osteophytes that project downward with eventual constriction of the intervertebral foramen and entrapment of the nerve root. Such alterations are common in patients over 40, and when found in the presence of unremitting sciatic pain without evidence of a herniated disc or other etiology, a causal relationship must be considered.

The femoral stretching test

1982 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Estridge ◽  
Stanley A. Rouhe ◽  
Neil G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Upper Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The femoral stretching test is a valuable sign in diagnosing upper lumbar nerve root compression. We believe that it has the same significance for upper lumbar disc herniation as the sciatic stretching test has for the lower.

Ligamentum flavum hematoma

1992 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Sweasey ◽  
Hans C. Coester ◽  
Harish Rawal ◽  
Mila Blaivas ◽  
John E. McGillicuddy
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Ligamentum Flavum ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Two patients presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of nerve root compression secondary to extradural masses were found to have ligamentum flavum hematomas. Both patients had neurological deficits preoperatively and regained normal function postoperatively. There was no significant antecedent injury in either case. The symptom course was longer than that for spontaneous epidural hematoma. In one case, there was remodeling of bone, initially suggesting either infection or tumor.

Spinal meningioma arising from a lumbar nerve root

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. K. Ng ◽  
Kwan Hon Chan ◽  
Kirpal S. Mann ◽  
Ching F. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Spinal Meningioma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cauda Equina Compression ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case is reported of cauda equina compression from an intradural meningioma arising from the L-5 nerve root in a young man.

Changes in nerve root motion and intraradicular blood flow during intraoperative femoral nerve stretch test

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshihiko Suzuki ◽  
Takahiro Asai ◽  
Hidezo Yoshizawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fine Print

Object. It is not known whether changes in intraradicular blood flow (IRBF) occur during the femoral nerve stretch test (FNST) in patients with lumbar disc herniation. An FNST was conducted in patients with lumbar disc herniation to observe the changes in IRBF, and results were then compared with clinical features. Methods. The study was composed of four patients with L3–4 disc herniation who underwent microdiscectomy. Patients were placed prone immediately before surgery, so that their knee flexed on the operating table with the hip joint kept in hyperextension, and the FNST was performed to confirm at which region pain developed in the anterolateral thigh. During the operation, the hernia-affected nerve roots were visualized under a microscope. The needle sensor of a laser Doppler flowmeter was then inserted into each nerve root immediately above the hernia, and the change in IRBF was measured during the intraoperative FNST. After removal of the herniated disc, a similar procedure was repeated and IRBF was measured again. The intraoperative FNST showed that the hernia compressed the nerve roots and there was marked disturbance of gliding, which was reduced to only a few millimeters. During the test, IRBF decreased by 92.8 to 100% (mean 96.9 ± 3.7% [± standard error of the mean]) relative to the blood flow before the test. This study demonstrated that the blood flow in the nerve root is reduced when the nerve root is compressed in vivo. Conclusions. The intraoperative FNST showed that the hernia compressd the nerve roots and there was marked disturbance of gliding, which was reduced to only a few millimeters. During the test, IRBF decreased by 92.8 to 100% (96.9 ± 3.7% [mean ± standard error of the mean]).

Cystometry as an adjunct in the evaluation of lumbar disc syndromes

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert L. Rosomoff ◽  
John D. H. Johnston ◽  
Anthony E. Gallo ◽  
Mario Ludmer ◽  
Frederick T. Givens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensory Deficits ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Somatic Nervous System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Bladder Evaluation

✓ One hundred patients with the provisional diagnosis of nerve root compression in the lumbar spine were subjected to routine bladder evaluation by cystometry in addition to the standard somatic neurological examination. Eighty-three were found to have cystometrograms characteristic of bladder hypofunction. Residual urine was found in 20% of the 100 patients. By contrast, the examination of the somatic nervous system disclosed sensory deficits in 36%, weakness in 59%, reflex alterations in 66%, and positive sciatic-stretch tests in 69%. Almost all cystometric studies (96%) became normal after successful surgical or conservative therapy. It is concluded that occult bladder dysfunction is a major manifestation of lumbar nerve root compression. The neurophysiological mechanisms involved are discussed in detail.

Pneumatic nerve root compression: epidural gas in association with lateral disc herniation

1994 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa M. Cheng ◽  
Michael J. Link ◽  
Burton M. Onofrio
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Epidural Gas

✓ Extreme lateral disc herniations are increasingly recognized as a cause of lumbar nerve root compression syndromes. This disorder often presents major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in the presence of multiple degenerative changes and chronic back pain in elderly patients. The authors describe two patients with presentations and findings that have not been previously described in the literature. Both patients had histories of upper lumbar back and leg pain. Degenerative spine disease, gaseous degeneration of the intervertebral discs, and epidural gas in the lateral recesses were noted on imaging studies. However, because both patients had undergone prior epidural diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, the epidural gas in the lateral recesses could be attributed either to gaseous disc degeneration or to the previous intraspinal procedures. One patient was found to have a large, far lateral extruded disc fragment that contained air. The nerve root in the second patient was impaled by an unusual combination of a small extruded disc fragment as well as an air-filled sac that was surrounded by the walled-off fragment's capsule and which freely communicated with the gaseous degenerated disc space. The suspected mechanism of root compression is illustrated and discussed. The possibility of disc herniation should be seriously considered in cases of nerve root compression in which epidural gas is present, especially those associated with gaseous degenerated discs.

Lumbar nerve root compression by intraspinal synovial cysts: Report of 8 cases

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Jonsson ◽  
Arne Tufvesson ◽  
Bjorn Stromqvist
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Nerve Root Compression ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Synovial Cysts

Recurrent spinal cord tethering by sacral nerve root following lipomyelomeningocele surgery

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Barolat ◽  
Dale Schaefer ◽  
Sergio Zeme
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Sacral Nerve Root ◽  
The Right ◽  
Progressive Weakness ◽  
Spinal Cord Tethering ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 21-year-old woman had recurrent progressive weakness/hypesthesia and pain in both lower extremities. At the age of 5 and 19 years, she had undergone surgical resection of a lipomyelomeningocele at L5—S1. Surgical exploration revealed that the cord was tethered and pulled over to the side by an excessively short right S-1 nerve root. The contralateral L-5 and S-1 nerve roots were markedly stretched. Division of the right S-1 nerve root resulted in prompt disappearance of pain in the lower extremities and improvement in neurological function.

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