scholarly journals Transforming big data into computational models for personalized medicine and health care

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  

Health care systems generate a huge volume of different types of data. Due to the complexity and challenges inherent in studying medical information, it is not yet possible to create a comprehensive model capable of considering all the aspects of health care systems. There are different points of view regarding what the most efficient approaches toward utilization of this data would be. In this paper, we describe the potential role of big data approaches in improving health care systems and review the most common challenges facing the utilization of health care big data.

Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre

This chapter reviews the public health care systems as well as their challenges. It first shows how expenditure on health care has evolved in previous decades and deals with the reasons for the growth observed in almost every European country. It emphasizes the role of technological progress as a main explanatory factor of the increase in medical expenditure but also points to the challenges facing cost-containment policies. Especially, the main common features of health care systems in Europe, such as third-party payment, single provider approach and cost-based reimbursement are discussed. Finally the chapter shows that although inequalities in health exist in the population, health care systems are redistributive. Reforms are thus needed but the trade-off between budgetary efficiency and equity is difficult.


2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rzayeva

AbstractHealth care systems reflect historical relationships between states and citizens, as well as predominant values and institutions marking a particular social milieu. Theories that place national health care in historical social context tend to exaggerate the forces of globalization and to underestimate the role of local specificities. A health care system and its social context, however, are shaped at the intersection of global, regional, and local factors, rather than by globalization alone. In this article I demonstrate this combined influence by tracking the transition in Soviet to post-Soviet health care Azerbaijan. I show that the dissolution of Azerbaijan’s socialized health care was due not to neoliberal globalization, but rather to the historical constellation of global, regional, and national processes, including the political choice of a petroleum-based development strategy.


1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal M. Cara,

The caring role of nurses is not impervious to obstacles that might be present in today’s health care systems. Such obstacles might occur when nurses do not feel cared for by their nurse managers. Through the “Relational Caring Inquiry”, 16 staff nurses were asked to answer two questions pertaining to their personal experiences with a nurse manager and how these experiences influenced their caring practice. Concerning managerial practices, the staff nurses’ stories revealed the presence of a “Dialectic of Power”, involving two contradictory forces: subjugation and empowerment. These findings can assist managers to better create a caring environment within the institution and help sensitize nurses to patients’ suffering.


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