scholarly journals Geopolitical factors affecting childhood nutrition: Iraqi case

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Huda Sabah Al-Jadiri ◽  
Besmah M. Ali ◽  
Jawad K. Al-Diwan
Keyword(s):  
Gulf War ◽  
Economic Sanction ◽  
Rapid Degradation ◽  
Childhood Nutrition ◽  
Factors Affecting

In Iraq, child’s health had been deteriorated over three turbulent decades starting from the huge and rapid degradation of the country infrastructure by Iraq –Iran war (1980-1988), Gulf War in 1991, and economic sanction.

Comparative Study of the Antilisterial Activity of Nisin A and Pediocin AcH in Fresh Ground Pork Stored Aerobically at 5°C

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1534-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC MURRAY ◽  
JEAN A. RICHARD
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Bacteriocin Activity ◽  
Rapid Degradation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aqueous Acid ◽  
Ground Pork

Listeria innocua strain Lin11 was used to compare the inhibitory activity of two bacteriocins (nisin A and pediocin AcH) in a decontamination process consisting of soaking artificially contaminated pieces of raw pork meat in a bacteriocin-containing solution before they were ground and stored aerobically at 5°C. Nisin A proved to be considerably more efficient than pediocin AcH, but generally after two days surviving bacteria in meat treated with each bacteriocin resumed growth at a rate similar to that of the control. Increasing the nisin concentration in the decontaminating bath resulted in greater loss of viability followed by regrowth of survivors. In addition, listeria cells surviving nisin action were found to have become resistant to nisin whereas survivors of pediocin AcH remained susceptible to this bacteriocin. The factors affecting bacteriocin activity in raw ground pork meat were then investigated. With the use of cold water and hot aqueous acid extraction to determine free (not bound) and total (bound to meat and free) bacteriocins, respectively, it was found that nisin was more stable than pediocin AcH. The loss of effectiveness, especially of pediocin AcH, was attributed to rapid degradation by meat proteases. It was concluded that nisin A is more appropriate than pediocin AcH for decontamination of this kind of meat but that routine use of nisin A at concentrations not high enough to eradicate all listerial cells could result in emergence of populations resistant not only to nisin A but to other bacteriocins.

Factors Affecting the Rate of Evaporation of the Oil Spilled on Land During the Gulf War

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir A. Alhaddad ◽  
Mohammed Salman ◽  
Fatma Alyahya
Keyword(s):  
Gulf War ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation

Sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam stability prior to injection: factors affecting liquid reformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S McMaster
Keyword(s):  
Foam Stability ◽  
Needle Size ◽  
Rapid Degradation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Stable Foam ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Sodium Tetradecyl Sulphate ◽  
The Stability

Objective To study the effect of sclerosant concentration, use of 5-µm filter, use of CO2 versus air and needle size on the stability of sodium tetradecyl sulphate (STS) foam and observe the dynamics of liquid reformation from foam within the syringe prior to injection. Method Observations of liquid reformation within the syringe following foam preparation using the Tessari method. Result Foam stability varies little with STS concentration between 0.5% and 3%. Needle size has little effect in this study. An in-line filter produces significantly more stable foam, and CO2 foam is significantly less stable than air foam. Liquid reformation is predictable and does not progress at a constant rate. Conclusion Regardless of the method and details of the foam produced, sclerotherapists should be aware of the dynamics and speed of foam degradation, and reconstitute foam at the first sign of liquid reformation, as this heralds the onset of rapid degradation of the foam. This is particularly relevant for rapidly deteriorating foam produced from CO2, or without the use of a filter.

Progress In The Practical Application Of Automated Image Analysis To Tem Negatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
F. A. Heckman ◽  
E. Redman ◽  
J.E. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Image Quality ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In our initial publication on this subject1) we reported results demonstrating that contrast is the most important factor in producing the high image quality required for reliable image analysis. We also listed the factors which enhance contrast in order of the experimentally determined magnitude of their effect. The two most powerful factors affecting image contrast attainable with sheet film are beam intensity and KV. At that time we had only qualitative evidence for the ranking of enhancing factors. Later we carried out the densitometric measurements which led to the results outlined below.Meaningful evaluations of the cause-effect relationships among the considerable number of variables in preparing EM negatives depend on doing things in a systematic way, varying only one parameter at a time. Unless otherwise noted, we adhered to the following procedure evolved during our comprehensive study:Philips EM-300; 30μ objective aperature; magnification 7000- 12000X, exposure time 1 second, anti-contamination device operating.

Factors affecting microstructural scale in liquid crystalline polymers

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Christine M. Dannels ◽  
Christopher Viney
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Low Thermal Expansion ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Planar Orientation ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Processing polymers from the liquid crystalline state offers several advantages compared to processing from conventional fluids. These include: better axial strength and stiffness in fibers, better planar orientation in films, lower viscosity during processing, low solidification shrinkage of injection moldings (thermotropic processing), and low thermal expansion coefficients. However, the compressive strength of the solid is disappointing. Previous efforts to improve this property have focussed on synthesizing stiffer molecules. The effect of microstructural scale has been overlooked, even though its relevance to the mechanical and physical properties of more traditional materials is well established. By analogy with the behavior of metals and ceramics, one would expect a fine microstructure (i..e. a high density of orientational defects) to be desirable.Also, because much microstructural detail in liquid crystalline polymers occurs on a scale close to the wavelength of light, light is scattered on passing through these materials.

Factors affecting dentist participation in a state Medicaid program

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 638-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Damiano ◽  
ER Brown ◽  
JD Johnson ◽  
JP Scheetz
Keyword(s):  
Medicaid Program ◽  
Factors Affecting

Speech Therapy Services in a Large School System: A Six-Year Overview

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance P. DesRoches
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Case Load ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Population ◽  
System A ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Selection Factors

A statistical review provides analysis of four years of speech therapy services of a suburban school system which can be used for comparison with other school system programs. Included are data on the percentages of the school population enrolled in therapy, the categories of disabilities and the number of children in each category, the sex and grade-level distribution of those in therapy, and shifts in case-load selection. Factors affecting changes in case-load profiles are identified and discussed.

Assessing the Link Between Perception and Production in Cantonese Tone Acquisition

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Pik Ki Mok ◽  
Holly Sze Ho Fung ◽  
Vivian Guo Li
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tone Pair ◽  
Tone Production ◽  
Monosyllabic Words ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Forced Choice Task ◽  
Production Accuracy

Purpose Previous studies showed early production precedes late perception in Cantonese tone acquisition, contrary to the general principle that perception precedes production in child language. How tone production and perception are linked in 1st language acquisition remains largely unknown. Our study revisited the acquisition of tone in Cantonese-speaking children, exploring the possible link between production and perception in 1st language acquisition. Method One hundred eleven Cantonese-speaking children aged between 2;0 and 6;0 (years;months) and 10 adolescent reference speakers participated in tone production and perception experiments. Production materials with 30 monosyllabic words were transcribed in filtered and unfiltered conditions by 2 native judges. Perception accuracy was based on a 2-alternative forced-choice task with pictures covering all possible tone pair contrasts. Results Children's accuracy of production and perception of all the 6 Cantonese tones was still not adultlike by age 6;0. Both production and perception accuracies matured with age. A weak positive link was found between the 2 accuracies. Mother's native language contributed to children's production accuracy. Conclusions Our findings show that production and perception abilities are associated in tone acquisition. Further study is needed to explore factors affecting production accuracy in children. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7960826

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