scholarly journals Multimorbidity and Subjective Cognitive Complaints: Findings from 48 Low- and Middle-Income Countries of the World Health Survey 2002–2004

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ai Koyanagi ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Jae Il Shin ◽  
Hans Oh ◽  
Karel Kostev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints

Background: Data on the association between multimorbidity and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) are lacking from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective: To assess the association between multimorbidity and SCC among adults from 48 LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based data were analyzed from the World Health Survey 2002–2004. Ten chronic conditions (angina, arthritis, asthma, chronic back pain, depression, diabetes, edentulism, hearing problems, tuberculosis, visual impairment) were assessed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 (No SCC) to 100 (worse SCC). Multivariable linear regression and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the associations. Results: A total of 224,842 individuals aged≥18 years [mean (SD) age 38.3 (16.0) years; 49.3% males] constituted the final sample. Compared to no chronic conditions, the mean SCC score was higher by 7.13 (95% CI = 6.57–7.69), 14.84 (95% CI = 13.91–15.77), 21.10 (95% CI = 19.49–22.70), 27.48 (95% CI = 25.20–29.76), and 33.99 (95% CI = 31.45–36.53) points for 1, 2, 3, 4, and≥5 chronic conditions. Estimates by sex and age groups (18–44, 45–64,≥65 years) were similar. Nearly 30% of the association between multimorbidity (i.e.,≥2 chronic conditions) and SCC was explained by psychological factors (i.e., perceived stress, sleep problems, anxiety symptoms). Conclusion: Multimorbidity is associated with SCC among adults in LMICs. Future studies should investigate whether addressing psychological factors in people with multimorbidity can improve cognitive function, and whether screening for SCC in individuals with multimorbidity can be a useful tool to identify individuals at particularly high risk for future cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis and Non-Communicable Disease Multimorbidity: An Analysis of the World Health Survey in 48 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Kamran Siddiqi ◽  
Helen Elsey ◽  
Najma Siddiqi ◽  
Ruimin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). TB multimorbidity [TB and ≥1 non-communicable diseases (NCDs)] is common, but studies are sparse. Cross-sectional, community-based data including adults from 21 low-income countries and 27 middle-income countries were utilized from the World Health Survey. Associations between 9 NCDs and TB were assessed with multivariable logistic regression analysis. Years lived with disability (YLDs) were calculated using disability weights provided by the 2017 Global Burden of Disease Study. Eight out of 9 NCDs (all except visual impairment) were associated with TB (odds ratio (OR) ranging from 1.38–4.0). Prevalence of self-reported TB increased linearly with increasing numbers of NCDs. Compared to those with no NCDs, those who had 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5 NCDs had 2.61 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.14–3.22), 4.71 (95%CI = 3.67–6.11), 6.96 (95%CI = 4.95–9.87), 10.59 (95%CI = 7.10–15.80), and 19.89 (95%CI = 11.13–35.52) times higher odds for TB. Among those with TB, the most prevalent combinations of NCDs were angina and depression, followed by angina and arthritis. For people with TB, the YLDs were three times higher than in people without multimorbidity or TB, and a third of the YLDs were attributable to NCDs. Urgent research to understand, prevent and manage NCDs in people with TB in LMICs is needed.

scholarly journals Psychotic experiences and subjective cognitive complaints among 224 842 people in 48 low- and middle-income countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Koyanagi ◽  
B. Stubbs ◽  
E. Lara ◽  
N. Veronese ◽  
D. Vancampfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aims Cognitive deficits are an important factor in the pathogenesis of psychosis. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are often considered to be a precursor of objective cognitive deficits, but there are no studies specifically on SCC and psychotic experiences (PE). Thus, we assessed the association between SCC and PE using data from 48 low- and middle-income countries. Methods Community-based cross-sectional data of the World Health Survey were analysed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 to 10 with higher scores representing more severe SCC. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify past 12-month PE. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed. Results The final sample consisted of 224 842 adults aged ⩾18 years [mean (SD) age 38.3 (16.0) years; 49.3% males]. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, a one-unit increase in the SCC scale was associated with a 1.17 (95% CI 1.16–1.18) times higher odds for PE in the overall sample, with this association being more pronounced in younger individuals: age 18–44 years OR = 1.19 (95% CI 1.17–1.20); 45–64 years OR = 1.15 (95% CI 1.12–1.17); ⩾65 years OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.09–1.19). Collectively, other mental health conditions (perceived stress, depression, anxiety, sleep problems) explained 43.4% of this association, and chronic physical conditions partially explained the association but to a lesser extent (11.8%). Conclusions SCC were associated with PE. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporal associations and causal inferences, while the utility of SCC as a risk marker for psychosis especially for young adults should be scrutinised.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequality in Smoking in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: Results from the World Health Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e42843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor ◽  
Lucy Anne Parker ◽  
Edouard Tursan d'Espaignet ◽  
Somnath Chatterji
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Social Determinants of Smoking in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Results from the World Health Survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e20331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor ◽  
Lucy Anne Parker ◽  
Edouard Tursan d'Espaignet ◽  
Somnath Chatterji
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Household Air Pollution and Angina Pectoris in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Cross-Sectional Evidence from the World Health Survey 2002–2003

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5802
Author(s):  
Ishwar Tiwari ◽  
Raphael M. Herr ◽  
Adrian Loerbroks ◽  
Shelby S. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

The evidence regarding the effects of household air pollution on angina pectoris is limited in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to examine the association between household air pollution and angina pectoris across several countries. We analyzed data of individuals from 46 selected countries participating in the cross-sectional World Health Survey (WHS) 2002–2003. Pooled and stratified (sex, continent) logistic regression with sampling weights was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to quantify associations between the use of different household fuels with angina pectoris. In the pooled sample, we observed lower odds of angina pectoris with electricity use (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.56–0.83) compared to those households reporting the use of gas as a household fuel. Increased odds of angina pectoris were observed with the use of agriculture/dung/shrub/other (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.30–2.09), mixed (solid and non-solid fuels) (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09–1.56), and mixed solid fuel use (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.12–2.25). Higher odds of angina pectoris were observed mainly with solid fuel use. The results highlight the importance of addressing these issues, especially in regions with a high proportion of solid fuel users and increasing levels of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Injury and depression among 212 039 individuals in 40 low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stickley ◽  
H. Oh ◽  
T. Sumiyoshi ◽  
M. McKee ◽  
A. Koyanagi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
The World ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Aims Although injuries have been linked to worse mental health, little is known about this association among the general population in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). This study examined the association between injuries and depression in 40 LAMICs that participated in the World Health Survey. Methods Cross-sectional information was obtained from 212 039 community-based adults on the past 12-month experience of road traffic and other (non-traffic) injuries and depression, which was assessed using questions based on the World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were used to examine associations. Results The overall prevalence (95% CI) of past 12-month traffic injury, other injury, and depression was 2.8% (2.6–3.0%), 4.8% (4.6–5.0%) and 7.4% (7.1–7.8%), respectively. The prevalence of traffic injuries [range 0.1% (Ethiopia) to 5.1% (Bangladesh)], and other (non-traffic) injuries [range 0.9% (Myanmar) to 12.1% (Kenya)] varied widely across countries. After adjusting for demographic variables, alcohol consumption and smoking, the pooled OR (95%CI) for depression among individuals experiencing traffic injury based on a meta-analysis was 1.72 (1.48–1.99), and 2.04 (1.85–2.24) for those with other injuries. There was little between-country heterogeneity in the association between either form of injury and depression, although for traffic injuries, significant heterogeneity was observed between groups by country-income level (p = 0.043) where the pooled association was strongest in upper middle-income countries (OR = 2.37) and weakest in low-income countries (OR = 1.46). Conclusions Alerting health care providers in LAMICs to the increased risk of worse mental health among injury survivors and establishing effective trauma treatment systems to reduce the detrimental effects of injury should now be prioritised.

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