scholarly journals Load distribution in concrete solid slab bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishtiaq
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Torsional Rigidity ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Shear Distribution ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Slab Bending

Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) specifies empirical equations for the moment and shear distribution factors for selected bridge configurations. These empirical equations were based on the orthotropic plate theory with equivalent slab bending and torsional rigidity. Also, they were based on analysis procedure and CHBDC truck loading condition slightly different from those specified in the current CHBDC code of 2006. In this study, a parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element modeling to determine the moment and shear distribution factors for solid slab bridges subjected to CHBDC truck loading. Shell elements were used to model the bridge deck slab supported over bearings on each side of the bridge at 1.2 m spacing. The results from the parametric study were correlated to those available in the CHBDC code. Results show considerable difference in FEA results and CHBDS equations, especially for shear distribution factors. This project provides research results that can be used further to develop more reliable expressions for moment and shear distribution factors for solid slab bridges.

scholarly journals Load distribution in concrete solid slab bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishtiaq
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Torsional Rigidity ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Shell Elements ◽  
Shear Distribution ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Slab Bending

Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) specifies empirical equations for the moment and shear distribution factors for selected bridge configurations. These empirical equations were based on the orthotropic plate theory with equivalent slab bending and torsional rigidity. Also, they were based on analysis procedure and CHBDC truck loading condition slightly different from those specified in the current CHBDC code of 2006. In this study, a parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element modeling to determine the moment and shear distribution factors for solid slab bridges subjected to CHBDC truck loading. Shell elements were used to model the bridge deck slab supported over bearings on each side of the bridge at 1.2 m spacing. The results from the parametric study were correlated to those available in the CHBDC code. Results show considerable difference in FEA results and CHBDS equations, especially for shear distribution factors. This project provides research results that can be used further to develop more reliable expressions for moment and shear distribution factors for solid slab bridges.

scholarly journals Curved Concrete Slab-On-Steel I-Girder Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Wassef
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Curved Bridge ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Moment Distribution ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
The Moment

A parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element method, to study the load distribution characteristics of curved composite I-girder bridges under truck loading. The influence of several geometric parameters on the moment, and deflection distribution factors, as well as warping stresses in straight and curved composite I-girder bridges was examined. For straight bridges, the moment distribution factors were correlated with those specified in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code of 2000, CHBDC. Also the magnitudes of warping stresses in the steel bottom flanges were correlated with the specified limits in bridge codes. The results showed that the CHBDC moment distribution factors significantly overestimate the structural response of straight bridges considered in this study. It was also observed that the curvature limitation specified in the CHBDC to treat a curved bridge of low curvature as a straight one underestimate the structural response.

Shear distribution in simply supported skew composite bridges

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Ebeido ◽  
John B. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Distribution Factor ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Shear Distribution ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Composite Bridges ◽  
Bridge Models ◽  
Composite Steel

Composite steel–concrete bridges remain one of the most common types built. Proper design of new bridges and evaluation of existing bridges requires accurate prediction of their structural response to truck loads. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials has traditionally applied a load distribution factor for both moment and shear. The Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code (OHBDC) considers several parameters in establishing load distribution factors for moment. However, the method is limited to bridges with skew parameters less than a certain value specified in the code. The presence of skew reduces the longitudinal moments in the girders. However, it also causes high concentration of shear in the girder closest to the obtuse corner and reduces shear concentration in the girder closest to the acute corner as well as in the interior girders. Therefore, shear should be considered in the design of such bridges. In this paper, the influence of skew on the shear distribution factor is investigated. The influences of other factors such as girder spacing, bridge aspect ratio, number of lanes, number of girders, end diaphragms, and intermediate cross-beams are presented. An experimental program was conducted on six simply supported skew composite steel–concrete bridge models. Results from a finite element analysis showed excellent agreement with the experimental results. An extensive parametric study was conducted on prototype composite bridges subjected to OHBDC truck loading. The parametric study included more than 400 cases. The data generated were used to develop empirical formulas for shear distribution factors for OHBDC truck loading and also for dead load. An illustrative example is presented. Key words: bridges, codes of practice, composite, distribution, reaction, reinforced concrete, shear, skew, structural engineering, tests.

scholarly journals Investigation of the transverse and longitudinal moments at the transverse free end of deck slab cantilevers subjected to CHBDC truck loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Pourmand
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Cantilever Length ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Length Variable ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Deck Slab

Clause 5.7.1.3 of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) specifies an equation for the calculation of transverse moment intensity (My) in the deck slab cantilever due to truck loading in a slab-on-girder bridge system. Also, it states that the transverse moment intensity shall be assumed 2My for the locations within a distance equal to cantilever length of the transverse free end of the deck slab cantilever. However, CHBDC design values do not consider the effects of barrier length, variable thickness of the barrier wall and shape of the cantilever’s edge stiffening on the response. In addition, the longitudinal moment on the deck slab cantilever due to truck loading is as yet unavailable. Thus, a parametric study was conducted, using the finite element modelling, to investigate the effect of these key parameters in the transverse and longitudinal moments at the region of the transverse free edge of deck slab cantilever. Based on the data generated from this parametric study, imperial equations for the transverse and longitudinal moments at the transverse end of the deck slab cantilever were deduced.

scholarly journals Investigation of the transverse and longitudinal moments at the transverse free end of deck slab cantilevers subjected to CHBDC truck loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Pourmand
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Cantilever Length ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Length Variable ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Deck Slab

Clause 5.7.1.3 of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) specifies an equation for the calculation of transverse moment intensity (My) in the deck slab cantilever due to truck loading in a slab-on-girder bridge system. Also, it states that the transverse moment intensity shall be assumed 2My for the locations within a distance equal to cantilever length of the transverse free end of the deck slab cantilever. However, CHBDC design values do not consider the effects of barrier length, variable thickness of the barrier wall and shape of the cantilever’s edge stiffening on the response. In addition, the longitudinal moment on the deck slab cantilever due to truck loading is as yet unavailable. Thus, a parametric study was conducted, using the finite element modelling, to investigate the effect of these key parameters in the transverse and longitudinal moments at the region of the transverse free edge of deck slab cantilever. Based on the data generated from this parametric study, imperial equations for the transverse and longitudinal moments at the transverse end of the deck slab cantilever were deduced.

scholarly journals Curved Concrete Slab-On-Steel I-Girder Bridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Wassef
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Curved Bridge ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Moment Distribution ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
The Moment

A parametric study was conducted, using the finite-element method, to study the load distribution characteristics of curved composite I-girder bridges under truck loading. The influence of several geometric parameters on the moment, and deflection distribution factors, as well as warping stresses in straight and curved composite I-girder bridges was examined. For straight bridges, the moment distribution factors were correlated with those specified in the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code of 2000, CHBDC. Also the magnitudes of warping stresses in the steel bottom flanges were correlated with the specified limits in bridge codes. The results showed that the CHBDC moment distribution factors significantly overestimate the structural response of straight bridges considered in this study. It was also observed that the curvature limitation specified in the CHBDC to treat a curved bridge of low curvature as a straight one underestimate the structural response.

Member distortional buckling behaviour of hybrid double-I-box beams

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Deepak ◽  
V.M. Shanthi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Distortional Buckling ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Box Beams ◽  
The Moment

This paper compiles the experimental and finite-element parametric study on member distortional buckling behaviour of new built-up metal hybrid double-I-box beams (HDIBBs). The cross-section of this built-up beam is unique and looks similar to the shape of a double-I-box fabricated using four channel sections. The flange plates were provided with an intermediate stiffener. In these built-up beams there is more material in the flange portions far away from the horizontal centroidal axis of their cross-section. Hence, there is an increase in the flexural rigidity that enhances the moment capacity of the beam, under major axis bending. The geometry consists of torsionally rigid closed-box web portion that provides high resistance to minor axis lateral-buckling. The varying parameters considered were the ratio of yield stresses of the flange to the web steel plates, the ratio of breadth to the depth of the section, and the flange plate thickness. In the experimental programme, all the HDIBB members failed due to kinds of distortional buckling which was identified by web buckling and flange twist along edges. The results revealed that when flange plate slenderness increases there is a drop in the moment resistance capacity of the beams. The numerical study was performed using ABAQUS software. In comparison, there was good agreement between experimental and numerical results. The validated finite element models were further extended to perform parametric studies on ideal HDIBB models. Both the experimental and parametric study results were compared with the predicted strengths using effective width method equations specified in the Euro code standards EN 3-1-3. It was found that the current Euro code design rules slightly over-estimate the distortional buckling resistance capacity of closed form built-up cold-formed steel members. A new design equation was formulated and recommended for estimating the reduction in distortional buckling moment resistance capacity for HDIBBs.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Stiffeners in Steel Composite Tub Girders

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Silpa Pushpangadan ◽  
Arjun S. Menon ◽  
A Sofi
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
Torsional Rigidity ◽  
Curved Bridges ◽  
Trapezoidal Shape ◽  
Stress Study ◽  
Steel Composite

Closed structural sections (rectangular, circular, trapezoidal shape) possess high rotational rigidity compared to open sections like I girder. For highly curved bridges, closed sections with high torsional rigidity is an absolute choice. This paper suggests the use of steel – composite Tub girder instead of concrete I girder in rail bridges. Stiffeners were used to strengthen the girder. Deflection and stress study has been done for the entire girder on various thickness of stiffeners under different loading.  

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