Prevalence of enterotoxigenic and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 producing coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus in human and their characterization

The study was carried out with 73 human originated samples viz. surgical wound swab, pus, burn ulcer exudates, aural swab and diabetic ulcer exudates collected over a period of 5 months starting from September 2006 to identify and characterize enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) producing coagulase-positive S. aureus (CPSA) by Reverse Latex agglutination test, in which 30 (41.10%) were found as CPSA. Among the 30 CPSA isolates, 22 (73.33%), 6 (20%) and 2 (6.67%) were golden-yellow, yellow and whitish pigment producers, respectively and 29 (96.67%) isolates indicated β-hemolysis on blood agar speculating their ability to produce β-hemolysin. A total of 30 CPSA were checked for enterotoxin and TSST-1 production of which 5 (16.67%) and 1 (3.33%) isolates produced enterotoxin-A and TSST-1, respectively. Other produced multiple toxins in which 2 (6.67%) produced both enterotoxin A and enterotoxin B, 2 (6.67%) produced both enterotoxin C and enterotoxin D and 2 (6.67%) produced both enterotoxin C and TSST-1. Antibiotic resistant pattern of the CPSA indicated that 83.33% isolates were resistant to penicillin-G and 70% to sulphamethoxazole. On the other hand, the results demonstrated that gentamicin, spiramicin, ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, oxytetracycline and streptomycin might be used for the treatment of S. aureus infection. Few multiple antibiotic resistant CPSA were also identified. The prevalence of methicillin resistance S. aureus (MRSA) was 23.33%. Key words: CPSA, reverse-latex-agglutination test, enterotoxins, TSST-1, MRSA DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1328 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2007). 5 (1 & 2): 115-119