scholarly journals Non–motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: It’s Relationship with Age of Onset, Duration and Stage of Disease and the Dose and Duration of Levodopa Usage

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
M Ahmed Ali ◽  
Anisul Haque ◽  
AKM Anwarulla ◽  
Quamruddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Parkinson's disease is a disease of motor manifestations but non-motor symptoms are also common in Parkinson's disease. Little emphasis is put on non-motor symptoms of PD and there is little data on the relationship of non-motor symptoms to different aspects of the patient and the disease. In this study the relationship of non-motor symptoms to age at onset, duration and stage of the disease, and dose and duration of levodopa use are studied.128 patients of PD were studied for non-motor symptoms. 111 patients had different types of sensory, autonomic or psychiatric symptoms. Sensory and autonomic symptoms were significantly more common in patients with early age of disease onset and more prolonged duration of the disease, but psychiatric symptoms had no relationship with these factors. In this study it was also found that the frequencies of non-motor symptoms were related to the stage of the disease, longer the duration of the disease more and more non-motor symptoms appear so that 100% patients in stage 5 of the disease had non-motor symptoms. Also sensory and autonomic symptoms were significantly more common in patients with longer duration and higher dose of levodopa use but psychiatric symptoms were significantly commoner in patients with prolonged duration of levodopa use but not to dose of levodopa used.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3211 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 12-17

scholarly journals Frequency of non-motor symptoms in Peruvian patients with Parkinson's disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cosentino ◽  
Yesenia Nuñez ◽  
Luis Torres
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Introduction: Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease are often not well recognized in clinical practice. Non-motor symptoms questionnaire (NMSQuest) is a simple instrument that allows patients or caregivers to report non-motor symptoms in a practical manner. Objective: We attempted to determine the prevalence of non-motor symptoms in three hundred Parkinson's disease outpatients. Results: The mean total non-motor symptoms was 12.41, ranging from 0 to 27 of a maximum of 30. At least one was present in 99.3% of patients. A progressive increase in mean total score was observed across each 5-year interval. Depression domain scored the most “positive” answers while urinary and anxiety /memory were secondly and thirdly most prevalent respectively. Conclusion: The large number of patients included in this study allowed evaluation of the occurrence of non-motor symptoms in early and advanced disease in addition to the relationship of these kinds of symptoms with progression of disease.

scholarly journals Hyposmia as a marker of (non-)motor disease severity in Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 1471-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dareia S. Roos ◽  
Jos W. R. Twisk ◽  
Pieter G. H. M. Raijmakers ◽  
Richard L. Doty ◽  
Henk W. Berendse
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Dopaminergic Cell ◽  
Dat Spect ◽  
Spect Scan ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of hyposmia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) with other motor and non-motor symptoms and with the degree of nigrostriatal dopaminergic cell loss. A total of 295 patients with a diagnosis of PD were included. Olfactory function was measured using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Motor symptoms were rated using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale motor subscale (UPDRS III). To evaluate other non-motor symptoms, we used the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as a measure of global cognitive function and validated questionnaires to assess sleep disturbances, psychiatric symptoms, and autonomic dysfunction. A linear regression model was used to calculate correlation coefficients between UPSIT score and motor and non-motor variables [for psychiatric symptoms a Poisson regression was performed]. In a subgroup of patients (n = 155) with a dopamine transporter (DaT) SPECT scan, a similar statistical analysis was performed, now including striatal DaT binding. In the regression models with correction for age, sex, disease duration, and multiple testing, all motor and non-motor symptoms were associated with UPSIT scores. In the subgroup of patients with a DaT-SPECT scan, there was a strong association between olfactory test scores and DaT binding in both putamen and caudate nucleus. Hyposmia in PD is associated with various motor and non-motor symptoms, like cognition, depression, anxiety, autonomic dysfunction and sleep disturbances, and with the degree of nigrostriatal dopaminergic cell loss. This finding adds further confirmation that hyposmia holds significant promise as a marker of disease progression.

scholarly journals The Clinical Profile of Nonmotor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Ince Gunal ◽  
Kerim Nurichalichi ◽  
Nese Tuncer ◽  
Nural Bekiroglu ◽  
Sevinç Aktan
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Motor Fluctuations ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Higher Doses

Objective:Recently described nonmotor fluctuations may cause disability in Parkinson's disease patients. These fluctuations are generally grouped as sensory, autonomic and psychiatric. The clinical spectrum and frequency of these fluctuating symptoms are not well-described.Methods:We studied the relationship of nonmotor fluctuations with motor symptoms and determined the influence of age at disease onset, duration of disease, dosage and duration of levodopa treatment in the appearance of nonmotor fluctuations.Results:Statistical analysis showed a relationship of disease-related parameters with sensory and autonomic fluctuations but psychiatric fluctuations were only found to be associated with the duration of levodopa usage. The nonmotor fluctuations included in the study were observed during “on” periods as well as “off” periods.Conclusion:Nonmotor fluctuations had variable presentations. Moreover, their co-appearance with different types of motor fluctuations may be linked to the effect of other neurotransmitter systems acting synchronously with dopamine. Risk factors for sensory and autonomic fluctuations in patients with Parkinson's disease were early age of disease onset, longer duration and higher dose of levodopa use. Psychiatric fluctuations were only associated with higher doses of levodopa.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Fatigue and Other Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease in Chinese Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ding ◽  
Si-Ming Jiang ◽  
Yong-Sheng Yuan ◽  
Qing Tong ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease: The Neurobiology of Early Psychiatric and Cognitive Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
pp. 107385842110119
Author(s):  
Ayan Hussein ◽  
Christopher A. Guevara ◽  
Pamela Del Valle ◽  
Swati Gupta ◽  
Deanna L. Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Brain Cell ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Signaling Crosstalk ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that has been recognized for over 200 years by its clinically dominant motor system impairment. There are prominent non-motor symptoms as well, and among these, psychiatric symptoms of depression and anxiety and cognitive impairment are common and can appear earlier than motor symptoms. Although the neurobiology underlying these particular PD-associated non-motor symptoms is not completely understood, the identification of PARK genes that contribute to hereditary and sporadic PD has enabled genetic models in animals that, in turn, have fostered ever deepening analyses of cells, synapses, circuits, and behaviors relevant to non-motor psychiatric and cognitive symptoms of human PD. Moreover, while it has long been recognized that inflammation is a prominent component of PD, recent studies demonstrate that brain-immune signaling crosstalk has significant modulatory effects on brain cell and synaptic function in the context of psychiatric symptoms. This review provides a focused update on such progress in understanding the neurobiology of PD-related non-motor psychiatric and cognitive symptoms.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Applications of Botulinum Neurotoxin for Autonomic Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: An Updated Review

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Steven D. Mitchell ◽  
Christos Sidiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction ◽  
Autonomic Symptoms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

Parkinson’s disease is the most common age-related motoric neurodegenerative disease. In addition to the cardinal motor symptoms of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, there are numerous non-motor symptoms as well. Among the non-motor symptoms, autonomic nervous system dysfunction is common. Autonomic symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease include sialorrhea, hyperhidrosis, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and urinary dysfunction. Botulinum neurotoxin has been shown to potentially improve these autonomic symptoms. In this review, the varied uses of botulinum neurotoxin for autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease are discussed. This review also includes discussion of some additional indications for the use of botulinum neurotoxin in Parkinson’s disease, including pain.

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