Characterization of biodiversity of filamentous fungi in the soil of public spaces in João Pessoa, Northeast of Brazil

Jeremias Antunes Gomes Cavalcante; Felipe Queiroga Sarmento Guerra; Walicyranison Plinio Silva-Rocha

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23767

Characterization of biodiversity of filamentous fungi in the soil of public spaces in João Pessoa, Northeast of Brazil

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23767 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (16) ◽

pp. e292101623767

Author(s):

Jeremias Antunes Gomes Cavalcante ◽

Felipe Queiroga Sarmento Guerra ◽

Walicyranison Plinio Silva-Rocha

Keyword(s):

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Trichophyton Rubrum ◽

Public Spaces

Os fungos são microrganismos eucarióticos ubíquos com presença de parede celular, sendo encontrados principalmente no solo, vegetais, água e no ar. Os fungos desempenham um papel importante no ciclo de decomposição da matéria orgânica. Ambientes públicos como praças e parques, destinados ao lazer da população, são locais onde também circula diariamente um grande número de pessoas e animais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a presença de fungos filamentosos no solo de praças e parques públicos da cidade de João Pessoa, Nordeste do Brasil. Amostras de solo de seis praças/parques foram coletadas e então processadas e cultivadas. Além disso, fungos queratinofílicos foram isolados usando cabelo estéril como substrato. Fungos filamentosos foram isolados de todas as amostras. O gênero mais frequente foi Aspergillus (100% das amostras), seguido por Trichophyton (66,7%) e Penicillium (33,3%). Aspergillus seção Nigri foi isolada em 66,7% das amostras, seguido por Aspergillus seção Flavi, Aspergillus seção Terrei e Trichophyton rubrum, que foram isoladas em 50% das amostras). Vários gêneros e espécies com potencial patogênico ao homem foram isolados de todos os pontos selecionados. Esses achados reforçam a importância do conhecimento da composição do solo dos espaços destinados ao uso público, contribuindo com informações à população, principalmente aos mais vulneráveis, quanto ao uso consciente desses ambientes para atividades recreativas.

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Characterization of an Ammonium Transport System in Filamentous Fungi with Methylammonium-14C As the Substrate

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(19)63786-5 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 245 (17) ◽

pp. 4241-4250

Author(s):

S. Lynette Hackette ◽

G.E. Skye ◽

Cheryl Burton ◽

Irwin H. Segel

Keyword(s):

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Transport System ◽

Ammonium Transport

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Characterization of squalene epoxidase activity from the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and its inhibition by terbinafine and other antimycotic agents.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.40.2.443 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 443-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

B Favre ◽

N S Ryder

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Trichophyton Rubrum ◽

Side Chain ◽

Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽

Squalene Epoxidase ◽

High Potency ◽

Whole Cells ◽

Absolute Requirement ◽

Tertiary Amino

Squalene epoxidase (SE) is the primary target of the allylamine antimycotic agents terbinafine and naftifine and also of the thiocarbamates. Although all of these drugs are employed primarily in dermatological therapy, SE from dermatophyte fungi has not been previously investigated. We report here the biochemical characterization of SE activity from Trichophyton rubrum and the effects of terbinafine and other inhibitors. Microsomal SE activity from T. rubrum was not dependent on soluble cytoplasmic factors but had an absolute requirement for NADPH or NADH and was stimulated by flavin adenine dinucleotide. Kinetic analyses revealed that under optimal conditions the Km for squalene was 13 microM and its Vmax was 0.71 nmol/h/mg of protein. Terbinafine was the most potent inhibitor tested, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 15.8 nM. This inhibition was noncompetitive with regard to the substrate squalene. A structure-activity relationship study with some analogs of terbinafine indicated that the tertiary amino structure of terbinafine was crucial for its high potency, as well as the tert-alkyl side chain. Naftifine had a lower potency (IC50, 114.6 nM) than terbinafine. Inhibition was also demonstrated by the thiocarbamates tolciclate (IC50, 28.0 nM) and tolnaftate (IC50, 51.5 nM). Interestingly, the morpholine amorolfine also displayed a weak but significant effect (IC50, 30 microM). T. rubrum SE was only slightly more sensitive (approximately twofold) to terbinafine inhibition than was the Candida albicans enzyme. Therefore, this difference cannot fully explain the much higher susceptibility (> or = 100-fold) of dermatophytes than of yeasts to this drug. The sensitivity to terbinafine of ergosterol biosynthesis in whole cells of T. rubrum (IC50, 1.5 nM) is 10-fold higher than that of SE activity, suggesting that the drug accumulates in the fungus.

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