Wyroby ze szkła i fajansu egipskiego

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Sylwia Wajda ◽  
Beata Marciniak-Maliszewska
Keyword(s):  
Glass Bead ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Epma Analysis ◽  
Halophytic Plants

During archaeological research in the cremation cemetery in Żelazna Nowa, 106 glass and four faience artefacts were uncovered. Most of them were found in eleven cremation burials (1, 2, 19A, 33, 34, vicinity of 36, 37, 39, 44, 47, 54) dated between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. The glass pieces are highly fragmented, melted, or fused with other elements of the pyre, with only one glass bead completely preserved (type 218c acc. to Tempelmann-Mączyńska). The faience objects have survived in better shape: these are two complete beads and two fragments, all representing type 171 (acc. to Tempelmann-Mączyńska). Chemical compositions of 12 glass pieces and one fragment of a faience bead were determined using EPMA analysis. All the analysed artefacts turned out to be sodium glasses, made using both mineral sodium (natron) and sodium from the ash of halophytic plants (one sample). Natron glasses represent three groups distinguished by varying contents of MgO and K2O. The differences in concentrations of these components indicate that sands from different deposits were added in the glass-making process. This corroborates a hypothesis positing multiple centres of glass production during the Roman Period.

Ancient city type settlements of Lowland Karabakh

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Гюлана Ильгар гызы Алиева ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Money Circulation

The archaeological research indicated a large number and significant density of settlements of different times on the territory of Azerbaijan, which is mainly due to the fact that there were all the necessary conditions for the emergence of settlements. The decisive condition for their emergence has always been the presence of certain material prerequisites for life, as well as the possibility of defending a given area. The analysis of archaeological materials draws a picture of life in the cities of Albania in the period of antiquity. These cities were administrative and trade and craft centers with developed money circulation. In the cities of Albania, such types of handicrafts as pottery, metallurgy and metalworking, jewelry, glass making, as well as weaving and leatherworking were developed. In their development, a significant role played the trade routes of that time passing through the territory of Albania, one of which was the waterway along the Kura River. Keywords: Albania, Karabakh, cities, base of column, defensive walls

Biblical Tel Burna: contribution of POSL and PXRF to the discussion on sedimentary and site formation processes in archaeological contexts of the southern Levant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Janovský ◽  
Jan Horák ◽  
Oren Ackermann ◽  
Aharon Tavger ◽  
Deborah Cassuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Site Formation ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Site Formation Processes ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Sedimentary Processes ◽  
Natural Processes

<p>An ancient tell is a multi-period archaeological site, where anthropogenic, and natural sedimentation processes took place. Although a tell is primarily an anthropogenic type of geomorphological feature, it is affected by natural processes as well. This contribution discusses how these processes can be determined within the context of archaeological research and how it is possible to differentiate and interpret past-human activities and natural processes. Tel Burna, a site intensively occupied from the Early Bronze to Iron Ages (3rd millennium BCE – 6th century BCE) located in the southern Levant, was chosen for this study of the studying sedimentary processes and chemical compositions of sediments. The sedimentary processes were studied in the course of an archaeological excavation using POSL (portable optically stimulated luminescence), granulometry and PXRF (portable X-ray fluorescence). Focusing on the area along the fortification walls, data was collected from strata around the casemate fortifications dating from the Late Bronze Age to the Late Iron Age.</p><p>The gradual increase of OSL values obtained inside the casemate wall, indicate accumulation of sediment during a long period of time. Whereas similar values along the entire profile outside the casemate wall indicate sediment accumulation in one-time event. This might be related to defensive preparations, allegedly in response to advances made by Sennacherib’s army in 701 BCE. Results from the PXRF demonstrated a correlation between the Cu, P, K, Zn, Mn content and human activities. Ca content decreased as sampling descended from the tell's surface, suggesting its origin in post-abandonment aeolian processes.  The results demonstrate that the use of POSL and PXRF can be useful for determining sedimentary processes at ancient tells. The presented abstract is adapted from the article published in Quaternary International in 2020.</p><p>Acknowledgements:</p><p>The research is supported by project “Geochemical insight into non-destructive archaeological research” (LTC19016) of subprogram INTER‐COST (LTC19) of program INTEREXCELLENCE by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic.</p>

Analysis of the Bacor Refractories after their Service in Glass Furnace

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
Serhiy Yaitskiy ◽  
◽  
Liudmyla Bragina ◽  
Yuliya Sobol ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Glass Furnace ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Glass Making ◽  
Gas Environment

The degree of the baddeleyite-corundum refractories erosion depending on the areas of their location in the glass-making furnace in the float glass production was established. With the use of petrographic analysis the influence of chemical and mineral composition and also temperature and gas environment on corrosion of bacor linings was studied. Due to obtained results the recommendations in relation to the increase of glass-attack resistance of the furnace and its service life length were formulated.

scholarly journals La explotación de esmeraldas en el Egipto romano. Primeros resultados del Sikait Project

2019 ◽  
pp. 283-303
Author(s):  
Joan Oller Guzmán ◽  
◽  
David Fernández Abella ◽  
Vanesa Trevín Pita ◽  
Orio l Achón Casas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Trade Network ◽  
Initial Results

This paper presents initial results of the Sikait Project, an archaeological research effort focused on the study of the Mons Smaragdus area (in the Egyptian Eastern Desert) dedicated to beryl/emerald mining in the Roman period. Archaeological fieldwork at Sikait in winter 2018 furthered knowledge about the exploitation of beryl and the trade network that it created in Roman times

scholarly journals Glass finds and other artifacts from excavations of Area FW at the Kom el-Dikka site in Alexandria in 2018

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kucharczyk
Keyword(s):  
Glass Bead ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Lime Kilns ◽  
Early Byzantine ◽  
Late Roman

Excavations in 2018 of the central part of the Kom el‑Dikka site in Alexandria (Area FW) produced a collection of glass finds representing two broadly defined chronological horizons. The set from an early Roman house in the lower layers of the sector is representative of the early and mid‑Roman period (1st–3rd centuries AD) and is significant in that it broadens the known repertoire of vessels forms from the site in general. Examination of the context has also provided further firm archaeological evidence of gold-in-glass bead manufacture at the site. The upper layers, associated with an extensive dumping of ashes from the nearby late antique bath and waste from the working of a complex of lime kilns situated in this area, yielded material typical of late Roman/early Byzantine glasses (4th–6th century AD) already known from the site and comprising mainly simple free-blown utilitarian wares with limited ornamentation.

The archaeology of Samnite settlement in Molise

Antiquity ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 51 (201) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Barker
Keyword(s):  
Roman Period ◽  
Middle Palaeolithic ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Stone Artifacts ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Historical Tradition

The province (or regione) of Molise is roughly the size of Lincolnshire or Devon, and stretches from the Apennine mountains to the Adriatic coast (FIG. I). In the Roman period Molise was occupied by the Samnite peoples and by related tribes such as the Frentani (Salmon, 1967, 25, map I). The historical tradition describes the Samnites as a rustic and warlike people, whom the Romans subdued only after the long series of savage wars in the last three centuries BC. Despite this historical evidence, however, the lack of previous archaeological research in Molise until the recent past meant that the archaeological record for this period in the province prior to 1974 was essentially confined to two major town sites of the Roman period (Boiano and Sepino), and two Samnite and Roman religious sanctuaries. For the same reason practically nothing was known about earlier prehistoric settlement. In the rest of Italy the evidence for early man built up by survey and excavation usually goes back at least as far as the Middle Palaeolithic, up to some 100,000 years ago. For Molise, however, there were in 1974 only chance finds of prehistoric flint and stone artifacts in local and national museum collections, most with little or no exact information about provenance. Molise was therefore virtually a blank area on the archaeological map of Italy.

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