scholarly journals Kryptowaluty jako obiekt badań w naukach społecznych – obszary empirycznej eksploracji

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Wojciech Mincewicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Internet Culture ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Cryptocurrencies are a decentralized, peer–to–peer network architecture, cryptographically secured, based on trust and consensus, type of virtual currency, incompletely fulfilling some functions of money. They constitute a new interdisciplinary subject of scientific research. In the article, the author indicates potential areas of empirical exploration that can be conducted by representatives of social sciences. The four areas identified were: research on attitudes and opinions, the behavior of the community of cryptocurrency users, products of Internet culture and the structure of the Internet, including, in particular, the block chain. The research is based on well–established techniques, classic in research practice, which, due to the different nature of virtual and physical reality, are modified and adapted to technical conditions.

2001 An Introduction to Peer to Peer Network Architecture and Its Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006.1 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Li-Xia Sun ◽  
Li-Rong Wang ◽  
Guang-Hui Cen ◽  
Jia-Cai Wang ◽  
Ichiro Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Intrusion Detection Based on P2P Software

2011 ◽  
pp. 2232-2238
Author(s):  
Zoltán Czirkos ◽  
Gábor Hosszú
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reliable Communication ◽  
Log Files ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

The importance of the network security problems come into prominence by the growth of the Internet. The article presents a new kind of software, which uses just the network, to protect the hosts and increase their security. The hosts running this software create an Application Level Network (ALN) over the Internet. Nodes connected to this ALN check their operating systems’ log files to detect intrusion attempts. Information collected is then shared over the ALN to increase the security of all peers, which can then make the necessary protection steps by oneself. The developed software is named Komondor (Czirkos, 2006), which is a famous Hungarian guard dog. The novelty of the system Komondor is that Komondor nodes of each host create a Peer-To-Peer (P2P) overlay network. Organization is automatic; it requires no user interaction. This network model ensures stability, which is important for quick and reliable communication between nodes. By this build-up, the system remains useful over the unstable network. The use of the peer-to-peer network model for this purpose is new in principle. Test results proved its usefulness. With its aid, real intrusion attempts were blocked. This software is intended to mask the security holes of services provided by the host, not to repair them. For this it does not need to know about the security hole in detail. It can provide some protection in advance, but only if somewhere on the network an intrusion was already detected. It does not fix the security hole, but keeps the particular attacker from further activity.

Bitcoin and modern alchemy: in code we trust

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Simser
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Peer Network ◽  
Peer To Peer Networks ◽  
Asset Forfeiture ◽  
Transactional Costs ◽  
Peer To Peer Network

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the challenge posed by Bitcoin to regulators, particularly anti-money laundering regulators. Bitcoin is a crypto-currency based on open-source software and protocols that operates in peer-to-peer networks as a private irreversible payment mechanism. The protocol allows cross-border payments, for large and small items, with little or no transactional costs. Design/methodology/approach – Case studies and case law are examined as are relevant reports by regulators. Findings – Bitcoin is based on complex computer code supported by a robust community in a peer-to-peer network. Unlike other virtual currencies, Bitcoin appears to have obtained purchase and as such poses unique challenges to regulators. Research limitations/implications – Bitcoin is at a nascent stage and the evolution of the virtual currency is difficult to predict. Practical implications – Those who study financial systems, anti-money laundering regimes and asset forfeiture laws will have an interest in this topic. Originality/value – This is a new and emerging currency; there is limited literature on the implications of this currency to anti-money laundering systems.

scholarly journals Upublicznienie niewidzialnego: archiwum wizualne i intelektualista-praktyk

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-239
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Chajbos ◽  
Waldemar Rapior
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Internet Archive ◽  
Visual Materials

This article was written on the basis of the project ‘See Culture: The Archive of Visual Materials from Research into Culture in Poland’ conducted in 2014. It speaks of the internet creation of a social database using visual materials—the Visual Archive (archiwumwizualne.pl). The authors present their findings from interviews with members of the research teams and directors of the projects that were included in the internet archive. These primarily concern the various approaches and research practices of the interlocutors and their definitions of visual material’s potential as a tool in social research. The profiles of the researchers presented earlier is then compared to the category of the practice-oriented intellectual, which broadens the classical understanding of the intellectual and points to an emerging manner of thinking about research practice in contemporary social sciences. The usefulness of the Visual Archive for the practice-oriented intellectual is indicated.

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