scholarly journals Liver Progenitor Cells in Massive Hepatic Necrosis—How Can a Patient Survive Acute Liver Failure?

Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Tao Lin ◽  
Rilu Feng ◽  
Roman Liebe ◽  
Hong-Lei Weng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Massive Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Recent Research Progress

Massive hepatic necrosis is the most severe lesion in acute liver failure, yet a portion of patients manage to survive and recover from this high-risk and harsh disease syndrome. The mechanisms underlying recovery remain largely unknown to date. Recent research progress highlights a key role of liver progenitor cells, the smallest biliary cells, in the maintenance of liver homeostasis and thus survival. These stem-like cells rapidly proliferate and take over crucial hepatocyte functions in a severely damaged liver. Hence, the new findings not only add to our understanding of the huge regenerative capability of the liver, but also provide potential new targets for the pharmacological management of acute liver failure in clinical practice.

Acute Fulminant Hepatic Failure in a Woman Treated With Phenytoin and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 1800-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius J-M. Ilario ◽  
Jose E. Ruiz ◽  
Constantine A. Axiotis
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Massive Hepatic Necrosis

Abstract Massive hepatic necrosis following exposure to phenytoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a rare occurrence and to the best of our knowledge has not been reported previously. Acute hepatic failure following administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has rarely been seen, and only 4 cases have been well documented pathologically. We report a case of acute liver failure in a 60-year-old woman following ingestion of phenytoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole concomitantly over a 9-day period. Autopsy findings revealed acute fulminant hepatic failure. This case demonstrates the effects of chemical-chemical interactions in the potentiation of hepatotoxicity of single agents and specifically illustrates the need for discontinuing trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the presence of early liver injury.

scholarly journals Two sides of one coin: massive hepatic necrosis and progenitor cell-mediated regeneration in acute liver failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Lei Weng ◽  
Xiaobo Cai ◽  
Xiaodong Yuan ◽  
Roman Liebe ◽  
Steven Dooley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Massive Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Two Sides

M1866 Accuracy of Abdominal Imaging in Diagnosing Submassive Hepatic Necrosis in Acute Liver Failure Versus Cirrhosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kim ◽  
Doan-Trang T. Tran ◽  
Steven-Huy B. Han ◽  
Steve Raman ◽  
Peter Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Abdominal Imaging

Role of Liver Transplantation in Acute Liver Failure

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Liou ◽  
Anne Larson
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure

scholarly journals Emerging Role of Exosomes in Tuberculosis: From Immunity Regulations to Vaccine and Immunotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Fu Sun ◽  
Jiang Pi ◽  
Jun-Fa Xu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Recent Research Progress

Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles carrying protein, lipid, and nucleic acid for secreting cells, and act as significant signal transport vectors for cell-cell communication and immune modulation. Immune-cell-derived exosomes have been found to contain molecules involved in immunological pathways, such as MHCII, cytokines, and pathogenic antigens. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains one of the most fatal infectious diseases. The pathogen for tuberculosis escapes the immune defense and continues to replicate despite rigorous and complicate host cell mechanisms. The infected-cell-derived exosomes under this circumstance are found to trigger different immune responses, such as inflammation, antigen presentation, and activate subsequent pathways, highlighting the critical role of exosomes in anti-MTB immune response. Additionally, as a novel kind of delivery system, exosomes show potential in developing new vaccination and treatment of tuberculosis. We here summarize recent research progress regarding exosomes in the immune environment during MTB infection, and further discuss the potential of exosomes as delivery system for novel anti-MTB vaccines and therapies.

Acute liver failure

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Andrew Jones ◽  
Akash Deep
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Organ Support ◽  
Fulminant Liver Failure ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Paediatric Critical Care ◽  
Diagnostic Work Up

The work-up and management of patients with acute liver failure in paediatric critical care are often challenging. This chapter takes the readers through definitions, grading of severity, and diagnostic work-up of acute liver failure in children. General principles underlying the management of acute liver failure, including immediate resuscitation and retrieval; organ support, including renal replacement therapy; and the management of complications, including bleeding, are discussed. In particular, this chapter focuses on neuromonitoring and neuroprotection strategies in children with hepatic encephalopathy as a complication. The role of liver transplantation in fulminant liver failure and a brief overview of complications are also discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Liver Transplantation in Tolvaptan-Associated Acute Liver Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Endo ◽  
Kan Katayama ◽  
Hiroshi Matsuo ◽  
Shinichiro Horiike ◽  
Shinsuke Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure
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