scholarly journals Macrophage Involvement in Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A Comprehensive, Short Review

Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Ioannis Gkouveris ◽  
Akrivoula Soundia ◽  
Panagiotis Gouveris ◽  
Dionysia Zouki ◽  
Danny Hadaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment ◽  
Macrophage Activity ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Nonspecific Immune Response

Antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab are commonly prescribed for the management of primary bone malignancy, bone metastasis, osteoporosis, Paget disease, or other bone disorders. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) is a rare but significant complication of antiresorptive medications. Duration, dose, and antiresorptive potency as well as concomitant diseases, additional medications, and local factors affect MRONJ incidence and severity. MRONJ pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Nevertheless, decreased bone resorption due to osteoclastic inhibition along with trauma, infection/inflammation, or blood supply inhibition are considered synergistic factors for disease development. In addition, previous data research examined the effects of antiresorptive medication on immune system components and introduced potential alterations on immune response as novel elements in MRONJ pathogenesis. Considering that macrophages are the first cells in the nonspecific immune response, it is not surprising that these multifaceted players attracted increased attention in MRONJ research recently. This current review attempted to elucidate the effects of antiresorptive medications on several aspects of macrophage activity in relation to the complex inflammatory microenvironment of MRONJ. Collectively, unravelling the mode of action and extent of macrophages’ potential contribution in MRONJ occurrence will provide novel insight in disease pathogenesis and potentially identify intrinsic therapeutic targets.

Development of Antiresorptive Agent-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw After Dental Implant Removal: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Yamamoto ◽  
Keigo Maeda ◽  
Izumi Kouchi ◽  
Yuzo Hirai ◽  
Naoki Taniike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Implant Removal ◽  
Antiresorptive Agent ◽  
Oral Bisphosphonate ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Implant Treatment

Dental implant treatment is a highly predictable therapy, but when potentially lethal symptoms or complications occur, dentists must remove the implant fixture. Recently, reports on antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw have increased in the field of dental implants, although the relationship between dental implant treatment and antiresorptive agents remains unclear. Here, we report a case of antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw that developed after dental implant removal. A 67-year-old Japanese woman with a medical history of osteoporosis and 7 years of oral bisphosphonate treatment was referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of painful right mandibular bone exposure. A family dentist removed the dental implants from the right mandible using a trephine drill without flap elevation in August 2016. However, the healing was impaired; she was referred to our hospital 3 months after the procedure. We performed a sequestrectomy of the mandible under general anesthesia. In conclusion, this patient's course has two important implications: First, the removal of dental implants from patients who are prescribed oral bisphosphonates for long durations can cause antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Second, meticulous procedures are required to prevent and treat the development of antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental implant removal.

scholarly journals The Interplay between Immunosenescence and Microbiota in the Efficacy of Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Cianci ◽  
Laura Franza ◽  
Maria Grazia Massaro ◽  
Raffaele Borriello ◽  
Francesco De Vito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Inflammatory Microenvironment

Vaccinations are among the most effective medical procedures and have had an incredible impact on almost everyone’s life. One of the populations that can benefit the most from them are elderly people. Unfortunately, in this group, vaccines are less effective than in other groups, due to immunosenescence. The immune system ages like the whole body and becomes less effective in responding to infections and vaccinations. At the same time, immunosenescence also favors an inflammatory microenvironment, which is linked to many conditions typical of the geriatrics population. The microbiota is one of the key actors in modulating the immune response and, in this review, we discuss the current evidence on the role of microbiota in regulating the immune response to vaccines, particularly in elderly people.

scholarly journals Hypopigmented Mycosis Fungoides: Loss of Pigmentation Reflects Antitumor Immune Response in Young Patients

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2007
Author(s):  
Amelia Martínez Villarreal ◽  
Jennifer Gantchev ◽  
François Lagacé ◽  
Augustin Barolet ◽  
Denis Sasseville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Antitumor Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas ◽  
Patients Experience

Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF) is a form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), a heterogeneous group of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. HMF has a unique set of defining features that include light colored to achromic lesions, a predilection for darker skin phototypes, an early onset of disease, and predominance of CD8+ T-cells, among others. In the current review, we detail the known pathways of molecular pathogenesis for this lymphoma and posit that an active Th1/cytotoxic antitumor immune response in part explains why this variant is primarily seen in children/adolescents and young adults, who do not exhibit signs of immunosenescence. As a result of this potent cytotoxic response, HMF patients experience mostly favorable overall prognosis, while hypopigmentation may in fact represent a useful surrogate marker of cytotoxic immunity targeting the malignant cells. Understanding the molecular processes behind the specific features that define HMF may lead to improved diagnostic accuracy, personalized prognosis by risk stratification, and improved management of HMF. Moreover, improving our knowledge of HMF may aid our further understanding of other cutaneous lymphomas.

Paraquat and temperature affect nonspecific immune response of neotropical freshwater fish Colossoma macropomum

2009 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. S172-S173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Salazar-Lugo ◽  
America Estrella ◽  
Aridays Oliveros ◽  
Evelyn Rojas-Villarroel ◽  
Luz Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Colossoma Macropomum ◽  
Nonspecific Immune Response

Effects of Dietary Vitamin C on Blood Chemistry and Nonspecific Immune Response of Juvenile Red Sea Bream,Pagrus major

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongjun Ren ◽  
Shunsuke Koshio ◽  
Orhan Uyan ◽  
Connie Fay Komilus ◽  
Saichiro Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Red Sea Bream ◽  
Pagrus Major ◽  
Nonspecific Immune Response
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