scholarly journals A Simulation Model for Providing Analysis of Wind Farms Frequency and Voltage Regulation Services in an Electrical Power System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2250
Author(s):  
Hubert Bialas ◽  
Ryszard Pawelek ◽  
Irena Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Regulation Services

The article presents an original simulation model of a wind farm (WF) consisting of 30 wind turbine-generator units connected to the electrical power system (EPS) through power converters. The model is dedicated to the evaluation of the WF capabilities to participate in frequency and voltage regulation services in the power system. A system that allows for frequency and voltage control is proposed and implemented in the presented model. The system includes primary frequency regulation with synthetic inertia and secondary regulation available on request from the system operator. The concept of a reference power generation unit was introduced, according to which only one wind generator unit was modeled in detail, and the other units were replaced with simple current sources. Such a solution allowed for the reduction of size and complexity of the model as well as shortened the simulation time. Simulation tests were conducted in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment for an electrical power system composed of the wind farm, a synchronous generator, and a dummy load. The performance of the wind farm control system was analyzed in different operation conditions, and the control capabilities of the farm were assessed. Selected simulation results are presented and discussed in the paper. They illustrate the regulatory properties of the WF and confirm the correctness of the developed model.

scholarly journals Research on Variable Inertia Coordination Frequency Regulation Strategy Based on a Wind & Thermal Power Combined System

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 02042
Author(s):  
Siqing Sheng ◽  
Pengwang Li ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Maosen Fan
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Incremental Model ◽  
Allowable Range

With the increasing installed capacity of the wind power, the power system has an obviously low inertia characteristic. It is of great significance to actively promote the virtual inertia frequency regulation technology of wind turbines (WTS) for improving the system frequency quality. The frequency regulation capability and frequency regulation effects of wind & thermal power units were analysed, and a variable inertia coordination frequency regulation strategy for different wind power penetration conditions was proposed in this paper. At the wind farm level, the dynamic frequency regulation participation coefficient of wind farms was fuzzily determined according to the operation conditions of WTS and the wind power penetration ratio. At the wind turbine level, the calculation method of the equivalent inertia constant of WTS was given based on the effective rotational kinetic energy. And the allowable range of frequency regulation parameters of WTS was determined by considering the incremental model of the system. Results indicated that the proposed coordinated frequency regulation strategy not only provided a reliable inertia support, but also maintained the stability of WTS. The frequency response performance of the high-penetration wind power system was improved.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Control of a Satellite Electrical Power System Based on the Sliding Mode Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rasool Mojallizadeh ◽  
Bahram Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point

The power electronic interface between a satellite electrical power system (EPS) with a photovoltaic main source and battery storage as the secondary power source is modelled based on the state space averaging method. Subsequently, sliding mode controller is designed for maximum power point tracking of the PV array and load voltage regulation. Asymptotic stability is ensured as well. Simulation of the EPS is accomplished using MATLAB. The results show that the outputs of the EPS have good tracking response, low overshoot, short settling time, and zero steady-state error. The proposed controller is robust to environment changes and load variations. Afterwards, passivity based controller is provided to compare the results with those of sliding mode controller responses. This comparison demonstrates that the proposed system has better transient response, and unlike passivity based controller, the proposed controller does not require reference PV current for control law synthesis.

scholarly journals Coordinated Control Using Backstepping of DFIG-Based Wind Turbine for Frequency Regulation in High Wind Energy Penetrated System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nadour ◽  
Ahmed Essadki ◽  
Tamou Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Full Load Operation

The expansion of renewable generation has raised some red flags in terms of power system stability, control, and management. For instance, unlike traditional synchronous energy sources, the doubly-fed induction generator- (DFIG-) based wind turbines (WTs) do not instinctively act against frequency deviations. In fact, the power electronics interfacing the generator, merely controlled to warrant maximum wind power conversion, make its output power and mechanical speed immune to the characteristics of the electric network frequency. Moreover, significant wind power penetration (WPP) promotes the retirement of many traditional generation groups, consequently curtailing the power system corresponding inertia and displacing the primary reserves that are essential to retain the frequency within an acceptable range of variation. This paper explores different control approaches, using backstepping, allowing DFIG-based WTs to engage actively in frequency regulation using a coordinated control of the rotor speed and pitch angle to regulate the system during both partial- and full-load operation modes. The first method momentarily discharges part of the kinetic energy stored in the WT spinning masses, and the second method follows a deloaded operation characteristic, so as to keep a specific power reserve that can be automatically activated at the events of frequency excursions. A study case considering an isolated power system that consists of synchronous generators, DFIG-based wind farm, static load, and a sudden frequency disturbance was performed. The simulation result in a Matlab/Simulink environment highlights the robustness and capability of the coordinated control scheme to furnish, under variant operation conditions, active power aid, consequently lifting the frequency nadir up to a superior level than that obtained with 0% wind power penetration in the system.

The Impact of Power System Frequency Regulation Caused by Wind Disturbance

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 3840-3843
Author(s):  
San Ming Liu ◽  
Zhi Jie Wang ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
Yi Teng Liang ◽  
Xiao Wei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Wind Disturbance ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of wind disturbance on voltage regulation and frequency regulation of power system were studied. The opinion that the regulation of power flow on the tie lines between the grids constrains the integrated capacity of wind power was put forward. Based on the real condition of Inner Mongolia power grid, an engineering practical method was put forward to calculate the integrated capacity of wind power under this constraint. The relationship between wind power and spinning reserve and the impacts of other related factors on the capacity of wind power were studied as well. The impact of wind disturbance on voltage stability where the wind farms are located was studied.

Influence of the wind farm integration on load flow and voltage in electrical power system

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (29) ◽  
pp. 12603-12617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Labed imen ◽  
Labed Djamel ◽  
Mansour Zohra ◽  
Fetissi Selwa
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Wind Farm Integration

scholarly journals Generic EMT Model for Real-Time Simulation of Large Disturbances in 2 GW Offshore HVAC-HVDC Renewable Energy Hubs

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Saran Ganesh ◽  
Arcadio Perilla ◽  
Jose Rueda Torres ◽  
Peter Palensky ◽  
Aleksandra Lekić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Electro Magnetic

This paper proposes a Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) model of a 2 GW offshore network with the parallel operation of two Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC)—High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission links connecting four Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) to two onshore systems, which represent a large scale power system. Additionally, to mitigate the challenges corresponding to voltage and frequency stability issues in large scale offshore networks, a Direct Voltage Control (DVC) strategy is implemented for the Type-4 Wind Generators (WGs), which represent the OWFs in this work. The electrical power system is developed in the power system simulation software RSCADTM, that is suitable for performing EMT based simulations. The EMT model of 2 GW offshore network with DVC in Type-4 WGs is successfully designed and it is well-coordinated between the control structures in MMCs and WGs.

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