scholarly journals Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields Exposure Measurement during Lessons in Elementary Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5284
Author(s):  
JinKyung Park ◽  
EunHye Jeong ◽  
GyeongAe Seomun
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Seating Position

Schools are an important place for children’s exposure to electromagnetic fields, which may cause adverse health effects. To better understand environmental extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) exposure among elementary school students, we measured numeric values of ELF-MFs in five classrooms at four schools during digital learning class hours. The measurement of ELF-MFs was taken with an EMDEX II field analyzer. Specifically, we examined the level of exposure to ELF-MFs for each student’s seating position in the classroom. The results showed that ELF-MFs exposure levels were lower than those in the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines; however, there were significant differences in the level of magnetic field exposure at each school and at each student’s seat. The exposure to ELF-MFs at students’ seat positions was mostly caused by electrical appliances, electronic wiring, and distribution boxes, but the exposure level decreased as the distance increased. Therefore, it is important to design safe and appropriate environments for digital learning in schools, such as proper seating arrangements, to avoid ELF-MFs exposure to students as much as possible. Future studies should measure ELF-MFs levels in other areas and investigate the effects of exposure to ELF-MFs during school hours on children’s health.

scholarly journals Extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure level for Koreans by occupational code

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Sig Jung ◽  
Mailan Arachchige Don Rajitha Kawshalya ◽  
In Keun Shim ◽  
Jung Min Ryu ◽  
Myung Hee Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Magnetic Field Exposure ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Magnetic Field

scholarly journals O1B.2 Parental occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields and the risk of leukaemia in the offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A5.1-A5
Author(s):  
Madar Talibov
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Childhood Leukaemia ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Parental Occupational Exposure ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Analytical Approaches

BackgroundLeukaemia is the most common cancer diagnosed in children worldwide, accounting for about one third of all paediatric malignancies in economically developed countries. Despite extensive research, the aetiology of this cancer remains largely unknown. Previous studies suggested that parental occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) may increase leukaemia risk in the offspring.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the association of parental occupational exposure to ELF-MF with the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in their offspring.MethodsWe pooled data from 11 case-control studies participating in the Childhood Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC). The studies included 9723 childhood leukaemia cases and 17 099 controls. Data on parental job history and other characteristics of the study population were collected by questionnaires and interviews, except for the Finnish study where data was obtained from population registries and censuses. Parental occupational ELF-MF exposure was estimated by linking job histories to an independently developed international ELF-MF job-exposure matrix. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We employed two analytical approaches to obtain summary risk estimates. First, we conducted pooled analyses of all studies combined. Second, we summarized ORs from individual studies in meta-analyses.ResultsThe summary OR estimates from pooled analyses for paternal ELF-MF exposure at conception were 1.04 (95% CI 0.95–1.13) for ALL and 1.06 (95% CI 0.87–1.29) for AML, at >0.2 microtesla (µT) compared to ≤0.2 µT. Corresponding estimates for maternal ELF-MF exposure during pregnancy, using again the 0.2 µT cut-off, were 1.00 (95% CI 0.89–1.12) for ALL and 0.85 (95% CI 0.61–1.16) for AML. No trends with increasing exposure level were evident. Furthermore, no associations were observed in the meta-analyses.ConclusionOur study did not find any associations between parental occupational ELF-MF exposure and childhood leukaemia.

scholarly journals Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on oxidative balance in rat brains subjected to an experimental model of chronic unpredictable mild stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia R. Quesnel-Galván ◽  
Patricia V. Torres-Durán ◽  
David Elías-Viñas ◽  
Leticia Verdugo-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Glutathione Concentration ◽  
Oxidative Balance

Abstract Background There has been an increasing interest in researching on the effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on living systems. The mechanism of action of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on organisms has not been established. One of the hypotheses is related to induce changes in oxidative balance. In this study, we measured the effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress induced-oxidative balance of rat’s brain exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. Methods A first experiment was conducted to find out if 14 days of chronic unpredictable mild stress caused oxidative unbalance in male Wistar rat’s brain. Catalase activity, reduced glutathione concentration, and lipoperoxidation were measured in cerebrum and cerebellum. In the second experiment, we investigate the effects of 7 days extremely low-frequency magnetic fields exposure on animals stressed and unstressed. Results The main results obtained were a significant increase in the catalase activity and reduced glutathione concentration on the cerebrum of animals where the chronic unpredictable mild stress were suspended at day 14 and then exposed 7 days to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. Interestingly, the same treatment decreases the lipoperoxidation in the cerebrum. The stressed animals that received concomitant extremely low frequency magnetic fields exposure showed an oxidative status like stressed animals by 21 days. Thus, no changes were observed on the chronic unpredictable mild stress induced-oxidative damage in the rat’s cerebrum by the extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure together with chronic unpredictable mild stress. Conclusions The extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure can partially restore the cerebrum antioxidant system of previously stressed animals.

The characteristics and present state for Extremely Low Frequency-Magnetic Fields of metropolitan subway

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Dae-kwan Jung ◽  
◽  
Joon-sig Jung ◽  
Kyu-mok Lee ◽  
Hyung-kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Present State ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency

Occupational Exposure to Electric Shocks and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Motor Neurone Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace X Chen ◽  
Andrea’t Mannetje ◽  
Jeroen Douwes ◽  
Leonard H Berg ◽  
Neil Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Motor Neurone ◽  
Motor Neurone Disease ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Electric Shocks

Abstract In a New Zealand population-based case-control study we assessed associations with occupational exposure to electric shocks, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and motor neurone disease using job-exposure matrices to assess exposure. Participants were recruited between 2013 and 2016. Associations with ever/never, duration, and cumulative exposure were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, sports, head or spine injury and solvents, and mutually adjusted for the other exposure. All analyses were repeated stratified by sex. An elevated risk was observed for having ever worked in a job with potential for electric shocks (odds ratio (OR)=1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 1.86), with the strongest association for the highest level of exposure (OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.31, 3.09). Analysis by duration suggested a non-linear association: risk was increased for both short-duration (<3 years) (OR= 4.69, 95%CI: 2.25, 9.77) and long-duration in a job with high level of electric shock exposure (>24 years; OR=1.88; 95%CI: 1.05, 3.36), with less pronounced associations for intermediate durations. No association with ELF-MF was found. Our findings provide support for an association between occupational exposure to electric shocks and motor neurone disease but did not show associations with exposure to work-related ELF-MF.

Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on pain thresholds in mice: roles of melatonin and opioids

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Jeong ◽  
K. B. Choi ◽  
B. C. Yi ◽  
C. H. Chun ◽  
K.-Y. Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency
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