scholarly journals Gender Differences in Psychological Symptoms and Psychotherapeutic Processes in Japanese Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9113
Author(s):  
Toshio Kawai ◽  
Yuka Suzuki ◽  
Chihiro Hatanaka ◽  
Hisae Konakawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Selective Mutism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Gender differences have been documented in the prevalence of psychological symptoms. Tic disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more common in male clinical samples, while selective mutism and trichotillomania are more common in female clinical samples. In a review of 84 published case studies of Japanese children, this study explored gender differences in the prevalence of four categories of symptoms and expressions made in therapy for tics, selective mutism, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and trichotillomania. Case studies were evaluated using both qualitative coding and statistical analysis. The findings were mostly consistent with epidemiological surveys and empirical research on adults. The gender differences in symptom prevalence and their expression could be summarized as differences in more direct aggression for boys versus indirect aggression for girls. The objective and progress in the therapy were to control impulsive energy for boys and to express energy for girls.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Psychological Symptoms and Psychotherapeutic Processes in Japanese Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Kawai ◽  
Yuka Suzuki ◽  
Chihiro Hatanaka ◽  
Hiasae Konakawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Selective Mutism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Indirect Aggression ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Gender differences have been documented in the prevalence of psychological symptoms. Tic disorders and ASD are more common in male clinical samples, while selective mutism and trichotillomania are more common in female clinical samples. In a review of 84 published case studies of Japanese children, this study explores gender differences in the prevalence of four categories of symptoms and expressions made in therapy for tics, selective mutism, trichotillomania, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Case studies were evaluated using both qualitative coding and statistical analysis. The findings were mostly consistent with epidemiological surveys and empirical research on adults. The gender differences in symptom prevalence and their expression can be summarized as differences in more direct aggression for boys versus indirect aggression for girls. The objective and progress in the therapy are to control impulsive energy for boys and to express energy for girls.

Assessing gender differences in autism spectrum disorder using the Gendered Autism Behavioral Scale (GABS): An exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 101844
Author(s):  
Elaine Clarke ◽  
Laura Hull ◽  
Rachel Loomes ◽  
Carolyn E.B. McCormick ◽  
Stephen J. Sheinkopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Scale

Assessment and Treatment of Selective Mutism in a Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 153465012098345
Author(s):  
Mirela Cengher ◽  
Joy C. Clayborne ◽  
Adrianna E. Crouch ◽  
Julia T. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Selective Mutism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

Over 60% of children diagnosed with selective mutism are also diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Previous research established that behavioral interventions are effective at increasing speech in children with both diagnoses. However, few studies conducted assessments to determine environmental variables that inhibit speech, and such assessments are necessary for the development of effective and efficient treatments. This case study describes an assessment that evaluated the function(s) of selective mutism. The results confirmed that the participant did not talk to avoid social interaction and that mutism occurred primarily in the presence of multiple, unfamiliar people. Our first treatment focused on increasing tolerance for social interaction, demonstrated by an increase in speech production in the presence of unfamiliar people. Our second treatment focused on increasing qualitative aspects of the participant’s speech (i.e., both responses and initiations). Finally, we taught the participant’s parents to implement the treatment in naturalistic settings, and the participant demonstrated generalization of treatment effects across people and settings. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibodies against Borna disease virus proteins in Japanese children with autism spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 473-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Honda ◽  
Kozue Sofuku ◽  
Hidenori Matsunaga ◽  
Masaya Tachibana ◽  
Ikuko Mohri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Borna Disease ◽  
Virus Proteins

On the Development of VR and AR Learning Contents for Children on the Autism Spectrum

2018 ◽  
pp. 106-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Herrera ◽  
Lucia Vera ◽  
Javier Sevilla ◽  
Cristina Portalés ◽  
Sergio Casas
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Important Case ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Group A ◽  
Visually Based ◽  
Educational Contents

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term used to group a range of brain development disorders. The learning profile of most people with ASD is mainly visual, and VR and AR technologies offer important advantages to provide a visually based mean for gaining access to educational contents. The prices of VR and AR glasses and helmets have fallen. Also, a number of tools that facilitate the development and publication of AR and VR contents have recently appeared. Therefore, a scenario of opportunity for new developments has appeared in this field. This chapter offers guidelines for developing AR and VR learning contents for people on the autism spectrum and analyses those guidelines from the perspective of two important case studies developed in previous years.

Treating Vocal Stereotypy With Environmental Enrichment and Response Cost

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Watkins ◽  
Lisa Paananen ◽  
Eric Rudrud ◽  
John T. Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Cost ◽  
Vocal Stereotypy ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

The authors describe the assessment and treatment of vocal stereotypy in two children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. Both the case studies evaluated the effectiveness of response cost (RC). The RC interventions quickly reduced and eventually eliminated the vocal stereotypy in one participant and reduced it to near-zero levels in the second. Postintervention probes for one participant confirmed the continued reduction of vocal stereotypy 1 month after treatment and its elimination 8 months after treatment. Directions for future research are also discussed.

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