scholarly journals Localization of Neurotrophin Specific Trk Receptors in Mechanosensory Systems of Killifish (Nothobranchius guentheri)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10411
Author(s):  
Marialuisa Aragona ◽  
Caterina Porcino ◽  
Maria Cristina Guerrera ◽  
Giuseppe Montalbano ◽  
Maria Levanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Trk Receptors ◽  
Line System ◽  
Nothobranchius Guentheri

Neurotrophins (NTs) and their signal-transducing Trk receptors play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of specific neuronal subpopulations in nervous and sensory systems. NTs are supposed to regulate two sensory systems in fish, the inner ear and the lateral line system (LLS). The latter is one of the major mechanosensory systems in fish. Considering that annual fishes of the genus Nothobranchius, with their short life expectancy, have become a suitable model for aging studies and that the occurrence and distribution of neurotrophin Trk receptors have never been investigated in the inner ear and LLS of killifish (Nothobranchius guentheri), our study aimed to investigate the localization of neurotrophin-specific Trk receptors in mechanosensory systems of N. guentheri. For histological and immunohistochemical analysis, adult specimens of N. guentheri were processed using antibodies against Trk receptors and S100 protein. An intense immunoreaction for TrkA and TrkC was found in the sensory cells of the inner ear as well as in the hair cells of LLS. Moreover, also the neurons localized in the acoustic ganglia displayed a specific immunoreaction for all Trk receptors (TrkA, B, and C) analyzed. Taken together, our results demonstrate, for the first time, that neurotrophins and their specific receptors could play a pivotal role in the biology of the sensory cells of the inner ear and LLS of N. guentheri and might also be involved in the hair cells regeneration process in normal and aged conditions.

S100 protein is a useful and specific marker for hair cells of the lateral line system in postembryonic zebrafish

2004 ◽  
Vol 365 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Germana ◽  
F Abbate ◽  
T González-Martı́nez ◽  
M.E del Valle ◽  
F de Carlos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Line System

Ultrastructure of superficial neuromasts in the mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdi

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
W.R. Jones ◽  
S. Coombs ◽  
J. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Line System ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Sensory Hair Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽  
Cottus Bairdi ◽  
Mottled Sculpin ◽  
Upper Third

The lateral line system of the mottled sculpin, like that of most bony fish, has both canal (CNM) and superficial (SNM) sensory end organs, neuromasts, which are distributed on the head and trunk in discrete, readily identifiable groupings (Fig. 1). CNM and SNM differ grossly in location and in overall size and shape. The former are located in subdermal canals and are larger and asymmetric in shape, The latter are located directly on the surface of the skin and are much smaller and more symmetrical It has been suggested that the two may differ at a more fundamental level in such functionally related parameters as extent of myelination of innervating fibers and the absence of efferent innervation in SNM. The present study addresses the validity of these last two features as distinguishing criteria by examining the structure of those SNM populations indicated in Fig. 1 at both the light and electron microscopic levels.All of the populations of SNM examined conform in general to previously published descriptions, consisting of a neuroepithelium composed of sensory hair cells, support cells and mantle cells, Several significant differences from these accounts have, however, emerged. Firstly, the structural composition of the innervating fibers is heterogeneous with respect to the extent of myelination. All SNM groups, with the possible exception of the TRrs and CFLs, possess both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers within the neuroepithelium proper (Fig. 2), just as do CNM. The extent of myelina- tion is quite variable, with some fibers sheath terminating just before crossing the neuroepithelial basal lamina, some just after and a few retaining their myelination all the way to the base of the hair cells in the upper third of the neuroepithelium. Secondly, all SNMs possess fibers that may, on the basis of ultrastructural criteria, be identified as efferent. Such fibers contained numerous cytoplasmic vesicles, both clear and with dense cores. In regions where such fibers closely apposed hair cells, subsynaptic cisternae were observed in the hair cell (Fig. 3).

S-100 protein is a selective marker for sensory hair cells of the lateral line system in teleosts

2002 ◽  
Vol 329 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Abbate ◽  
S Catania ◽  
A Germanà ◽  
T González ◽  
B Diaz-Esnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Selective Marker ◽  
Line System ◽  
Sensory Hair ◽  
Sensory Hair Cells ◽  
S 100

Electroreceptors and Direction Specific Arrangement in the Lateral Line System of Salamanders?

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Fritzsch
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents ◽  
Line Organ

Abstract The arrangement of the lateral line afferents of salamanders as revealed by transganglionic staining with horse­ radish peroxidase is described. Each lateral line organ is supplied by two fibers only. In the medulla these two afferent fibers run in separate fiber bundles. It is suggested, that only those fibers contacting lateral line sensory cells with the same polarity form together one bundle. Bundles formed by anterior or posterior lateral line afferents are also clearly separated. Beside the lateral line organs smaller pit organs are described. These organs are supplied by one afferent only which reveals an arrangement in the medulla different from that of the lateral line afferents. Based on anatomical facts, these small pit organs are considered to be electroreceptors. Centrifugally projecting neurons, most probably efferents, are described in the medulla.

Gentamicin is ototoxic to all hair cells in the fish lateral line system

2010 ◽  
Vol 261 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Van Trump ◽  
Sheryl Coombs ◽  
Kyle Duncan ◽  
Matthew J. McHenry
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System

scholarly journals Larval zebrafish rapidly sense the water flow of a predator's strike

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. McHenry ◽  
K.E. Feitl ◽  
J.A. Strother ◽  
W.J. Van Trump
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
Larval Fishes ◽  
Mechanosensory Hair Cells

Larval fishes have a remarkable ability to sense and evade the feeding strike of a predator fish with a rapid escape manoeuvre. Although the neuromuscular control of this behaviour is well studied, it is not clear what stimulus allows a larva to sense a predator. Here we show that this escape response is triggered by the water flow created during a predator's strike. Using a novel device, the impulse chamber, zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) larvae were exposed to this accelerating flow with high repeatability. Larvae responded to this stimulus with an escape response having a latency (mode=13–15 ms) that was fast enough to respond to predators. This flow was detected by the lateral line system, which includes mechanosensory hair cells within the skin. Pharmacologically ablating these cells caused the escape response to diminish, but then recover as the hair cells regenerated. These findings demonstrate that the lateral line system plays a role in predator evasion at this vulnerable stage of growth in fishes.

scholarly journals The Inner Ear is Responsible for Detection of Infrasound in the Perch (Perca Fluviatilis)

1992 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANSERIK KARLSEN
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Line System ◽  
Frequency Detection ◽  
Perch Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Cardiac Conditioning

In a previous study of infrasound detection in the cod, the inner ear was suggested to be the sensory organ responsible for the responses. However, a possible involvement of the lateral-line system in the observed low-frequency detection could not be ruled out. The infrasound sensitivity was therefore studied in perch (Perca fluviatilis) with normal and blocked lateral-line organs. The experiments were performed using a standing wave acoustic tube and the cardiac conditioning technique. All perch readily responded to infrasound frequencies down to 0.3 Hz with threshold values of approximately 2×10−4 ms−2. These thresholds were not affected by complete blocking of the lateral-line system with Co2+, which suggests that the inner ear is responsible for the observed infrasound detection by the perch.

scholarly journals Phase-locked spiking of inner ear hair cells and the driven noisy Adler equation

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 20140022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roie Shlomovitz ◽  
Yuttana Roongthumskul ◽  
Seung Ji ◽  
Dolores Bozovic ◽  
Robijn Bruinsma
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Weak Signal ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
External Signals

The inner ear constitutes a remarkably sensitive mechanical detector. This detection occurs in a noisy and highly viscous environment, as the sensory cells—the hair cells—are immersed in a fluid-filled compartment and operate at room or higher temperatures. We model the active motility of hair cell bundles of the vestibular system with the Adler equation, which describes the phase degree of freedom of bundle motion. We explore both analytically and numerically the response of the system to external signals, in the presence of white noise. The theoretical model predicts that hair bundles poised in the quiescent regime can exhibit sporadic spikes—sudden excursions in the position of the bundle. In this spiking regime, the system exhibits stochastic resonance, with the spiking rate peaking at an optimal level of noise. Upon the application of a very weak signal, the spikes occur at a preferential phase of the stimulus cycle. We compare the theoretical predictions of our model to experimental measurements obtained in vitro from individual hair cells. Finally, we show that an array of uncoupled hair cells could provide a sensitive detector that encodes the frequency of the applied signal.

Ultrastructural effects of cisplatin on the inner ear and lateral line system of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Giari ◽  
Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli ◽  
Laura Astolfi ◽  
Alessandro Martini
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System
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