scholarly journals It Is Not All about Being Sweet: Differences in Floral Traits and Insect Visitation among Hybrid Carrot Cultivars

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Ann Gaffney ◽  
Björn Bohman ◽  
Stephen R. Quarrell ◽  
Philip H. Brown ◽  
Geoff R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Cytoplasmically male-sterile (CMS) carrot cultivars suffer from low pollination rates. In this study, insect visitation varied more than eightfold between 17 CMS carrot cultivars in a field-based cultivar evaluation trial. The visitation rates of honey bees, nectar scarabs, muscoid flies, and wasps each significantly differed among these cultivars. No significant difference in visitation rates was observed among cultivars of different CMS type (brown-anther or petaloid) or flower colour, but cultivars of Berlicumer root type had significantly higher insect visitation rates than Nantes. Six cultivars were further compared in regard to selected umbel traits: as umbel diameter increased, so did the visitation of soldier beetles, while that of honey bees decreased. Finally, nectar of these six cultivars was analysed for sugar content, which revealed monosaccharides to be the most common sugars in all. There was high variation in the levels of sugars from individual umbellets but no significant difference in nectar sugar composition among cultivars, suggesting that nectar sugar composition is of minor importance regarding pollinator attraction to hybrid CMS carrot umbels.

scholarly journals Pollinator type and secondarily climate are related to nectar sugar composition across the angiosperms

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanina R. Chalcoff ◽  
Gabriela Gleiser ◽  
Cecilia Ezcurra ◽  
Marcelo A. Aizen
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar

scholarly journals Busy Bees: Variation in Insect Flower-Visiting Rates across Multiple Plant Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Couvillon ◽  
Chandra M. Walter ◽  
Eluned M. Blows ◽  
Tomer J. Czaczkes ◽  
Karin L. Alton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Flower Visiting

We quantified insect visitation rates by counting how many flowers/inflorescences were probed per unit time for five plant species (four native and one garden: California lilac, bramble, ragwort, wild marjoram, and ivy) growing in Sussex, United Kingdom, by following individual insects (n=2987) from nine functional groups (honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumble bees (Bombusspp.), hoverflies, flies, butterflies, beetles, wasps, non-Apidae bees, and moths). Additionally, we made a census of the insect diversity on the studied plant species. Overall we found that insect groups differed greatly in their rate of flower visits (P<2.2e-16), with bumble bees and honey bees visiting significantly more flowers per time (11.5 and 9.2 flowers/minute, resp.) than the other insect groups. Additionally, we report on a within-group difference in the non-Apidae bees, where the genusOsmia, which is often suggested as an alternative to honey bees as a managed pollinator, was very speedy (13.4 flowers/minute) compared to the other non-Apidae bees (4.3 flowers/minute). Our census showed that the plants attracted a range of insects, with the honey bee as the most abundant visitor (34%). Therefore, rate differences cannot be explained by particular specializations. Lastly, we discuss potential implications of our conclusions for pollination.

FLORAL NECTAR SUGAR COMPOSITION AND POLLINATOR TYPE AMONG NEW WORLD GENERA IN TRIBE ANTIRRHINEAE (SCROPHULARIACEAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 971-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne J. Elisens ◽  
C. Edward Freeman
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Floral Nectar ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Similarity and Apparent Convergence in the Nectar-Sugar Composition of Some Hummingbird-Pollinated Flowers

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Edward Freeman ◽  
William H. Reid ◽  
James E. Becvar ◽  
Ron Scogin
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Evaluation of the apicultural value of sunflower hybrids

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zajácz ◽  
T. Szalai ◽  
G. Mészáros
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Partial Data ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Nectar Sugar ◽  
Production Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Sunflower is one of the most important bee-pasture crops and the leading oil crop plant in Hungary. There are very few studies concerning the nectar production of the plant, most of which consist only of partial data that show the apicultural value of sunflower under intensive cultivation conditions.The nectar production and nectar sugar concentration of six sunflower hybrids, Arena, Alexandra, Cledor, Coriste, Hysun 321 PR and Louidor, were examined in Mezőhegyes (south-east Hungary) from 2002 to 2004. The aim was to determine the nectar production and overall apicultural value of the hybrids. In the experiment the agroecological conditions were also examined and recorded. These agroecological conditions showed a distinctive effect on the consistency of the apicultural values of the hybrids.It can be determined from the results that the nectar production and its sugar content can be modified measurably by external factors. The nectar quantity was measurably increased by abundant precipitation during flowering, while an increase in the nectar sugar content was caused by excessively low air temperature. During these three years the average nectar production of the hybrids was 0.147 mg/floret, with a sugar content of 48.8%. Significant differences were found between the hybrids in nectar production and in the nectar sugar concentration.Averaged over three years Coriste displayed the best apicultural value. Its nectar production was stable and high (0.167 mg/floret). Its high sugar content (49.1%) also proved to be attractive to honey bees (sugar value 0.082). The lowest apicultural value was displayed by the hybrid Alexandra, with a sugar value of 0.059. This suggests that the honey production value of the individual hybrids should be taken into consideration during the selection of bee pastures.

scholarly journals Factors affecting nectar sugar composition in chiropterophilic plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Rodríguez-Peña ◽  
Kathryn E. Stoner ◽  
Cesar M. Flores-Ortiz ◽  
Jorge Ayala-Berdón ◽  
Miguel A. Munguía-Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar

Nectar sugar composition in Erica

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Barnes ◽  
Susan W. Nicolson ◽  
Ben-Erik Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar Composition ◽  
Nectar Sugar
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document