scholarly journals Protein Biomarkers in Glaucoma: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5388
Author(s):  
Ewa Fiedorowicz ◽  
Anna Cieślińska ◽  
Patrycja Kuklo ◽  
Andrzej Grzybowski
Keyword(s):  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Glaucoma Diagnosis ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Support Treatment ◽  
Current Screening ◽  
Reliable Testing

Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease. Early diagnosis of this disease can support treatment and reduce the effects of pathophysiological processes. A significant problem in the diagnosis of glaucoma is limited access to the tested material. Therefore, intensive research is underway to develop biomarkers for fast, noninvasive, and reliable testing. Biomarkers indicated in the formation of glaucoma include chemical compounds from different chemical groups, such as proteins, sugars, and lipids. This review summarizes our knowledge about protein and/or their protein-like derived biomarkers used for glaucoma diagnosis since 2000. The described possibilities resulting from a biomarker search may contribute to identifying a group of compounds strongly correlated with glaucoma development. Such a find would be of great importance in the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder, as current screening techniques have low sensitivity and are unable to diagnose early primary open-angle glaucoma.

scholarly journals Glaucomatous Maculopathy: Thickness Differences on Inner and Outer Macular Layers between Ocular Hypertension and Early Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Using 8 × 8 Posterior Pole Algorithm of SD-OCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Javier Garcia-Medina ◽  
Monica del-Rio-Vellosillo ◽  
Ana Palazon-Cabanes ◽  
Maria Dolores Pinazo-Duran ◽  
Vicente Zanon-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
Sd Oct

The purpose of this study was to compare the thickness of all inner and outer macular layers between ocular hypertension (OHT) and early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) 8 × 8 posterior pole algorithm (8 × 8 PPA). Fifty-seven eyes of 57 OHT individuals and fifty-seven eyes of 57 early POAG patients were included. The thickness of macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform and nuclear layer, photoreceptor layer (PRL) and retinal pigment epithelium were obtained in 64 cells for each macular layer and mean thickness of superior and inferior hemispheres was also calculated. Thinning of superior and inferior hemisphere mean thickness in mRNFL, GCL and IPL and thickening of superior and inferior hemisphere mean thickness in PRL and inferior hemisphere in INL were found in early GPAA group. Otherwise, heatmaps representing cell-to-cell comparisons showed thinning patterns in inner retinal layers (except for INL) and thickening patterns in outer retinal layers in GPAA group. We found that 8 × 8 PPA not only allows the detection of significant thinning patterns in inner retinal layers, but also thickening patterns in outer retinal layers when comparing early POAG eyes to OHT eyes.

Automated flicker perimetry in early primary open-angle glaucoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Rota-Bartelink ◽  
Alison Pitt ◽  
Ian Story ◽  
Julian Rait
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Early Primary

scholarly journals Informative value of biometric indices of iris, clear and cornea in primary open-angle glaucoma diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Vladimir V Strakhov ◽  
Victor V Alekseev ◽  
Abdulgavi M Al-Mrrani ◽  
Anastasiya A Popova ◽  
Olga N Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Glaucoma Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Glaucoma ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Biometric Indices

Aim: to study the thickness of cornea, iris and scleral tissue, to determine its asymmetry between fellow eyes in healthy subjects and in patients with primary glaucoma. To determine the relationship between changes in biomechanical properties of the cornea and sclera and iris thickness in healthy subjects and in patients with primary glaucoma. Materials and methods. 10 patients (20 eyes) with primary glaucoma were examined. The control group consisted of 10 people (20 eyes). In all patients ultrasound biomicroscopy (Humphrey Instruments (USA), Model 840) was performed. Results and discussion. The article presents a study of the corneoscleral and iris tissue thickness in primary glaucoma, as well as the increase pattern of the revealed asymmetry in corneoscleral and iris tissue thickness from normal state to glaucoma. A positive direct correlation between the indices of cornea, sclera, and iris thickness in the primary glaucoma group and between biometric parameters of sclera and iris and the of corneal hysteresis value in primary open-angle glaucoma. (For citation: Strakhov VV, Alekseev VV, Al'-Mrrani AM, et al. Informative value of biometric indices of iris, clear and cornea in primary open-angle glaucoma diagnosis. Ophthalmology Journal. 2018;11(1):34-40. doi: 10.17816/OV11134-40).

scholarly journals Effect of Exogenous Hormonal Stimulation on the Metabolic Partition between Plant Growth and Rubber Production of Hevea brasiliensis Clones According to the Class of Metabolic Activity in Cote d'ivoire

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-64
Author(s):  
Lehi Malidy Irénée ◽  
Konan Djezou ◽  
Okoma Koffi Mathurin ◽  
Yoboue Ange Naté ◽  
Konan Kouakou Séraphin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Good State ◽  
Growth Production ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Aims: In order to achieve a good and sustainable harvest of Hevea brasiliensis rubber, the effect of exogenous hormonal stimulation on the metabolic partition growth-production of clones according to the class of metabolic activity was made. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted for 9 years in the San-Pedro region in south-west Ivory Coast, precisely in the experimental industrial plantations of the former HEVEGO, now Southwestern Agricultural Civil Society Société (SCASO). Methodology and Results: The rubber trees were planted at a density of 510 trees/ha in a completely randomised system. They were bled in S/2 d4 and stimulated to 2.5% Etephon at annual frequencies of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 13, 18, 26, 39 and 78. The parameters measured were rubber production, trunk circumference, sucrose content, inorganic phosphorus, thiol groups and dry notch rate. The results showed that productivity increased with the intensity of stimulation (58.96 - 68.49 g.a-1.s-1 ; 39.83 - 66.69 g.a-1.s-1) over the intervals [0.6] and [0.26] stimulations respectively in clones with active and slow metabolism. The circumference of the trunk was marked by a less pronounced decrease in growth in slow metabolizing clones (0.52%) with good protection of the laticigene system (R-SH : 0.815 mmol.l-1) and low sensitivity to dry notching (1.6). Whatever the classes of metabolic activity of the clones, the agrophysiological parameters were strongly correlated with each other by a degree 2 polynomial function. Conclusion: This polynomial function seems to reflect the existence of a good state of equilibrium between laticigenic metabolism and vegetative growth according to the class of metabolic activity of the Hevea brasiliensis clones.

scholarly journals Extended Ganglion Cell Layer Thickness Deviation Maps With OCT in Glaucoma Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lehmann ◽  
Bettina Hohberger ◽  
Robert Lämmer ◽  
Christian Mardin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Ganglion Cell Layer ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Glaucoma Diagnosis ◽  
The Common

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic power of RGCL in the macula quantitatively and qualitatively by using a conventional and extended elliptic grid with deviation maps.Subjects and Methods: Thickness of RGCL was measured using SPECTRALIS® OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in 150 eyes of 150 subjects of the Erlangen Glaucoma Registry (EGR; NTC00494923): 26 ocular hypertension (OHT), 39 pre-perimetric open-angle glaucoma (pre-OAG), 19 normal tension glaucoma (NTG), 34 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 16 secondary open-angle glaucoma (SOAG), and 16 controls. Analysis of RGCL was done quantitatively (global value, GV) and qualitatively (qualitative total value, QTV) by using a color-coded point score for data of the common elliptic macular grid of deviation maps. Furthermore, qualitative analysis of RGCL was done for an extended elliptic macula grid (extended qualitative total value, eQTV). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for the conventional and the enlarged macular grid for all subjects' groups.Results: GV of RGCL thickness differed significantly between pre-OAG (p < 0.05), NTG (p < 0.001), POAG (p < 0.001), SOAG (p < 0.001), yet not OHT (p > 0.05) and controls, respectively. Quantitative ROC analysis of GV showed AUC of 0.965 (SOAG), 0.942 (POAG), 0.916 (NTG), 0.772 (pre-OAG), and 0.526 (OHT). QTV differed significantly between pre-POAG (p < 0.05), NTG (p < 0.001), POAG (p < 0.001), SOAG (p < 0.001), yet not OHT (p > 0.05) and controls, respectively. Qualitative ROC analysis of QTV showed AUCs of 0.908 (NTG) 0.914 (POAG), 0.930 (SOAG), 0.734 (pre-POAG), and 0.519 (OHT). Implementation of eQTV yielded even higher AUCs for NTG (0.919), POAG (0.969), and SOAG (0.973) compared to GV. Similar AUCs of eQTV and GV were observed for OHT (0.514) and pre-OAG (0.770).Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that quantitative and qualitative analysis of RGCL thickness yielded similar diagnostic impacts compared to RNFL. Qualitative analysis might be a quick and easy useable tool for clinical all-day life. The present data suggest that analysis of an extended macula region might improve its diagnostic impact.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Changes in Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness in Healthy Myopic Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jianli Du ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Yanyan Xue ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Yaping Li
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽  
Retinal Blood Flow ◽  
Glaucoma Diagnosis ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Fibre Layer ◽  
Nerve Fibre Layer

Myopic people face an elevated risk of primary open angle glaucoma. Changes in the fundus in people with high myopia often lead to misdiagnosis of glaucoma, as this condition has many clinical signs in common with myopia, making the diagnosis of glaucoma more challenging. Compared to reduction of the visual field, a decrease in retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness occurs earlier in glaucoma, which is widely considered useful for distinguishing between these conditions. With the development of optical coherence tomography (OCT), RNFL thickness can be measured with good reproducibility. According to previous studies, this variable is not only affected by axial length but also related to the patient’s age, gender, ethnicity, optic disc area, and retinal blood flow in myopia. Herein, we intend to summarize the factors relevant to the RNFL in myopia to reduce the false-positive rate of glaucoma diagnosis and facilitate early prevention of myopia.

Hemodynamic changes in eyes with early primary open-angle glaucoma measured by transpalpebral rheoophthalmography

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kleyman ◽  
O. Kiseleva ◽  
E. Iomdina ◽  
A. Bessmertny ◽  
P. Luzhnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Early Primary
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