scholarly journals Insights into Red Sea Brine Pool Specialized Metabolism Gene Clusters Encoding Potential Metabolites for Biotechnological Applications and Extremophile Survival

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Ziko ◽  
Mustafa Adel ◽  
Mohamed N. Malash ◽  
Rania Siam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Specialized Metabolism ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Atlantis Ii Deep ◽  
Brine Pools ◽  
Metabolism Gene ◽  
Brine Pool

The recent rise in antibiotic and chemotherapeutic resistance necessitates the search for novel drugs. Potential therapeutics can be produced by specialized metabolism gene clusters (SMGCs). We mined for SMGCs in metagenomic samples from Atlantis II Deep, Discovery Deep and Kebrit Deep Red Sea brine pools. Shotgun sequence assembly and secondary metabolite analysis shell (antiSMASH) screening unraveled 2751 Red Sea brine SMGCs, pertaining to 28 classes. Predicted categorization of the SMGC products included those (1) commonly abundant in microbes (saccharides, fatty acids, aryl polyenes, acyl-homoserine lactones), (2) with antibacterial and/or anticancer effects (terpenes, ribosomal peptides, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, phosphonates) and (3) with miscellaneous roles conferring adaptation to the environment/special structure/unknown function (polyunsaturated fatty acids, ectoine, ladderane, others). Saccharide (80.49%) and putative (7.46%) SMGCs were the most abundant. Selected Red Sea brine pool sites had distinct SMGC profiles, e.g., for bacteriocins and ectoine. Top promising candidates, SMs with pharmaceutical applications, were addressed. Prolific SM-producing phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria), were ubiquitously detected. Sites harboring the largest numbers of bacterial and archaeal phyla, had the most SMGCs. Our results suggest that the Red Sea brine niche constitutes a rich biological mine, with the predicted SMs aiding extremophile survival and adaptation.

scholarly journals Novel thermostable antibiotic resistance enzymes from the Atlantis II Deep Red Sea brine pool

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. A. Elbehery ◽  
David J. Leak ◽  
Rania Siam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Atlantis Ii Deep ◽  
Brine Pool

scholarly journals Antibacterial and anticancer activities of orphan biosynthetic gene clusters from Atlantis II Red Sea brine pool

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Ziko ◽  
Al-Hussein A. Saqr ◽  
Amged Ouf ◽  
Matthias Gimpel ◽  
Ramy K. Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Clusters ◽  
Brine Pool

scholarly journals A polyextremophilic alcohol dehydrogenase from the Atlantis II Deep Red Sea brine pool

FEBS Open Bio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastassja L. Akal ◽  
Ram Karan ◽  
Adrian Hohl ◽  
Intikhab Alam ◽  
Malvina Vogler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Atlantis Ii Deep ◽  
Brine Pool

scholarly journals Systematics, functional morphology and distribution of a bivalve (Apachecorbula muriatica gen. et sp. nov.) from the rim of the ‘Valdivia Deep’ brine pool in the Red Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Graham Oliver ◽  
Hege Vestheim ◽  
André Antunes ◽  
Stein Kaartvedt
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Predation ◽  
Brine Pools ◽  
Brine Pool

The deep brine pools of the Red Sea comprise extreme, inhospitable habitats yet house microbial communities that potentially may fuel adjacent fauna. We here describe a novel bivalve from a deep-sea (1525 m) brine pool in the Red Sea, where conditions of high salinity, lowered pH, partial anoxia and high temperatures are prevalent. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) footage showed that the bivalves were present in a narrow (20 cm) band along the rim of the brine pool, suggesting that it is not only tolerant of such extreme conditions but is also limited to them. The bivalve is a member of the Corbulidae and named Apachecorbula muriatica gen. et sp. nov. The shell is atypical of the family in being modioliform and thin. The semi-infaunal habit is seen in ROV images and reflected in the anatomy by the lack of siphons. The ctenidia are large and typical of a suspension feeding bivalve, but the absence of ‘guard cilia’ and the greatly reduced labial palps suggest that it is non-selective as a response to low food availability. It is proposed that the low body mass observed is a consequence of the extreme habitat and low food availability. It is postulated that the observed morphology of Apachecorbula is a result of paedomorphosis driven by the effects of the extreme environment on growth but is in part mitigated by the absence of high predation pressures.

Lipids and Free Fatty Acids of Red Sea Avrainvillea amadelpha, Holothuria atra, and Sarcocornia fruticosa Inhibit Marine Bacterial Biofilms

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 466-471
Author(s):  
Usama W. Hawas ◽  
Fekri Shaher ◽  
Mohamed Ghandourah ◽  
Lamia T. Abou El-Kassem ◽  
Sathianeson Satheesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Holothuria Atra ◽  
Sarcocornia Fruticosa

This study aimed at evaluating the antibiofilm activity of the Red Sea metabolites from green alga Avrainvillea amadelpha, sea cucumber Holothuria atra and costal plant Sarcocornia fruticosa against three biofilm bacterial strains isolated from Jeddah coast. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipoidal matters were extracted from these organisms and analyzed by GC-MS. The composition of lipoidal fractions showed that A. amadelpha is rich by 74% saturated FAs, while sea cucumber H. atra revealed high content (60%) of unsaturated FAs. Palmitic acid is the major FA component in all species ranging from 14.5 to 26.7%. Phytol, sterols and hydrocarbons (C8-C29) were represented in the alga A. amadelpha as high contents with values 25.8, 21.9 and 18.5%, respectively. The extracts and lipoidal contents showed biofilm inhibitory activity against the isolated bacterial strains, where the unsaponified lipoidal fraction of S. fruticosa exhibited highest inhibitory activity against Planomicrobium sp. at concentration of 200 µg/mL.

A deep sea community at the Kebrit brine pool in the Red Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hege Vestheim ◽  
Stein Kaartvedt
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Brine Pool

scholarly journals New fatty acids from the Red Sea sponge Mycale euplectellioides

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1082-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal A. Mohamed ◽  
Ali E.E. Abd-Elrazek ◽  
Hashim A. Hassanean ◽  
Abdulrahman M. Alahdal ◽  
Ameen Almohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Red Sea
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