scholarly journals Differences in Gut Microbial Diversity are Driven by Drug Use and Drug Cessation by Either Compulsory Detention or Methadone Maintenance Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Qiaoyan Li ◽  
Siqi Chen ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Danfeng Long ◽  
Diru Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Drug Cessation

In this work, we investigate differences in gut microbial diversity driven by drug use or by the widely used methods for drug cessation: methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and compulsory detention (CD). Methods: 99 participants (28 CD participants, 16 MMT patients, 27 drug users, and 28 healthy controls) were selected using strict inclusion criteria. Nutritional intake and gut microbial diversity were analyzed with bioinformatics tools and SPSS 20.0. Results: Alpha diversity was not significantly different among groups, whereas beta diversity of gut microbiota and nutrient intake were significantly higher among MMT patients. Taxa were unevenly distributed between groups, with drug users having the highest proportion of Ruminococcus and MMT patients having the highest abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Conclusion: Drug use, cessation method, and diet contribute to shaping human gut communities. High beta diversity among MMT patients is likely driven by methadone use and high nutrient intake, leading to increased orexin A and enrichment for beneficial bacteria, while diversity in CD participants is largely influenced by diet.

Predictors of Positive Outcomes for Out-of-Treatment Opiate Injectors Recruited into Methadone Maintenance through Street Outreach

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 999-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Fortuin Corsi ◽  
Carol F. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Robert E. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Positive Outcomes

This study was conducted to assess behavior change in the areas of drug use, productivity, criminal activity, and HIV risk among street-recruited injection drug users who entered methadone maintenance treatment. In addition, the study examined a number of variables that could account for these changes, including demographics, intervention effects, and treatment-related measures. A total of 168 participants were interviewed at baseline, received outreach interventions, entered methadone maintenance treatment, and were reinterviewed 5–9 months later. Significant (p<.001) improvements were seen in the areas of drug use, productivity, criminality, and HIV risk behaviors. The only variables significantly associated with behavior change were related to drug treatment. In particular, being in treatment at the time of the follow-up assessment had the strongest relationship to positive outcomes, including length of treatment. Having no prior treatment experience was associated with fewer injections at follow-up. These findings emphasize the importance of retaining clients, given the likelihood that positive change is likely to be evidenced while they remain in treatment

scholarly journals Changes in Substance Abuse and HIV Risk Behaviors over 12-Month Methadone Maintenance Treatment among Vietnamese Patients in Mountainous Provinces

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bach Xuan Tran ◽  
Mercy Fleming ◽  
Tam Minh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Giang Thu Vu ◽  
Quan Hoang Vuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Risk Behavior ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance

Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs have been used worldwide to reduce the number of drug users and for HIV prevention; however, evidence of their effectiveness in mountainous areas is limited. This study aimed to identify changes in substance abuse and sexual practices among MMT patients after treatment in three Vietnamese mountainous provinces. A survey on risk behaviors was conducted among 300 drug users in six MMT clinics prior to and following one year of MMT. Cramér’s effect size of changes was extrapolated to justify the magnitude of the intervention’s effectiveness. A generalized estimation equation was used to find the factors associated with respondents’ substance use and sexual risk behavior. While drug-related risk behaviors were significantly reduced, alcohol and sex-related behaviors remained risk factors for HIV in this group. Additionally, condom use was common among participants at both time points, but not among those having sex with sex workers. Socio-economic characteristics of ethnic, education, occupation, as well as drug use history influenced the possibility of engaging in drug use and/or sexual risk behavior following treatment. Further emphasis on managing these among MMT patients is required, potentially by providing integrated services including smoking and drinking counseling and condom use promotion in accordance with MMT.

scholarly journals Retention and HIV seroconversion among drug users on methadone maintenance treatment in Yunnan, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y-P. Chang ◽  
L. Duo ◽  
A. M. V. Kumar ◽  
S. Achanta ◽  
H-M. Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Hiv Seroconversion

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengguna Napza Suntik dalam Tindakan Pemanfaatan Layanan Program Terapi Rumatan Methadon (PTRM) di Kota Cirebon

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Dessy Aryanti ◽  
Bagoes Widjanarko ◽  
Kusyogo Cahyo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Family Attitudes ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACTAccording to the risk factors as a result of injecting drug use (IDU) were second highest, after the heterosexual and homo-bisexual. In IDUs face two risks for contracting HIV / AIDS, from the use of unsterilized needles and performed together or alternately with other IDUs and also through sexual intercourse, especially that done with more than one partner without using a condom. Methadone maintenance treatment program (PTRM) is included in the Harm Reduction program – This is a program of harm reduction drug use in preventing transmission of HIV / AIDS. This research is quantitative with correlational design, sampling using the technique across sectional the total population 50 person IDUs of injecting drug users in the city of Cirebon -use structured questionnaires technique. From the 50 IDUs who were respondents in this research note that 68% did not use PTRM services. It is because most IDUs still can not stop using injection drugs and have not been willing to switch to PTRM. Results of univariate analysis to determine the level of knowledge of IDUs about PTRM 88% have a good category, the attitude of the respondents 80% have category support PTRM, family attitudes 50% have category support PTRM, attitudes of peers 72% have a category does not support the utilizations PTRM, attitude of health workers 66% category does not support PTRM, and the availability of facilities and health facilities 52% support in PTRM services. For the bivariate analysis showed that the attitude of IDUs to program substitution therapy methadone-related measures the utilization of PTRM, whereas knowledge factors, family attitudes, attitudes of peers, attitude of health workers, and the availability of facilities. Then knowledge of IDUs about PTRM shows no relationship with the actions the utilization of PTRM , And based on multivariate analysis known that the action the utilization of PTRM is influenced by the family attitudes were supportive of the utilizations of Methadone maintenance treatment program (PTRM).Keywords: drug, injection, PTRM, HIV/AIDS

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