The Effect on Pregnant Women Assisted Towards Attitude and Behavior Changes to Stunting Prevention

Background: East Kotawaringin and Pulang Pisau Regency have highest prevalence of stunting, respectively, in Central Kalimantan Province. One of the efforts made through the assistance to improve the knowledge and skills of pregnant women. The study was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of assistance on behavior and attitudes among pregnant women in the Pulang Pisau Regency. It also aimed to analyze the behavior of pregnant women shifting upon stunting.Method: It is a quasi-experimental study (n:60), with pre-posttest group comparison. There are two groups, namely conventional (n:30) and assisted through pocket book (n:30). Socio-economic data was collected to draw the characteristics of the study subjects through questionnaire. A 2x2 chi-square and paired t-test was run in SPSS v. 18 for Windows.Results: The characteristics of the study respondents did not show any significant differences in attitudes and behaviors of stunting prevention in the Pulang Pisau district. The average change in attitude score shows a significant difference in the assisted group with a pretest of 65.8 ± 7.8, increased during the post-test of 75.7 ± 2.7. It is also an increase in understanding (n: 21). We concluded that pocket-book treatment is more effective in improving the attitude of pregnant women towards preventing stunting.

Intention to Use Voluntary Counseling and Testing Services among College Students

Background: HIV is a health problem of global concern. A large number of HIV cases in Surakarta is due to various factors such as the characteristics of adolescents, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs to reduce HIV prevention through the use of VCT services. This study aims to analyze the relationship between age, gender, type of study program, information exposure, organizational participation, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in using VCT to use Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) services for college students. Method: This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all students at one university in Surakarta in the 2016-2017 class as many as 12,457 students, while the research sample was 500 students who were taken using a proportional random sampling technique. Data analysis using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The results of the multivariate analysis showed that students' knowledge of HIV / AIDS and VCT affected the intention to use VCT services with an OR = 1.776 (CI = 1.170-2.695). The bivariate test results showed that there was a relationship between information exposure (p-value = 0.001), knowledge (p-value = 0.007), attitude (p-value = 0.006) and belief (p-value = 0.013) with the intention to use VCT services. Meanwhile, there was no relationship between age (p-value = 0.118), gender (p-value = 0.579), type of study program (p-value = 1,000), organizational participation (p-value = 0.352) with the intention of using VCT services. Students' knowledge of HIV / AIDS and VCT was the most dominant VCT intention. Therefore, providing information about VCT to students is necessary to increase students' knowledge and confidence in using VCT services.

Indonesian Adaptation of New Norms during The Early Phase of The Pandemic Against COVID-19

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has spread dramatically since March 2020. At the end of May 2020, the Indonesian government stated that Indonesia would soon enter a new phase facing COVID-19. This phase forced people to adopt new living norms to suppress the spread of COVID-19. This study attempted to analyze how the society in Indonesia adapted to new norms and their relation with perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers experienced using the Health Belief Model theory.Method: This cross-sectional study voluntarily involved 948 participants across the island of Java through an online survey conducted between June 30 to July 9 2020, with Google Forms. The indicators measured in the study were: healthy living practices, changes in healthy behaviour, perceptions of susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers to the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: The study found that more than half of the respondents practised a healthy lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of them admitted that their health behaviour was better than before the pandemic. People with positive perceptions of the benefits and barriers to COVID-19 practiced a healthy lifestyle during the pandemic better (AOR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.20-2.48 and AOR = 2.24; 95% CI = 1.60-3.14, respectively). People who had positive perceptions of susceptibility and severity about COVID-19 problems had a higher chance of improving previous preventive behaviour (AOR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.37-3.09 and AOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.20-2.69, respectively). Thus, the conclusion was Indonesian people have positive practices and perceptions about the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19, which are useful for enforcing COVID-19 preventive behaviour.

Pendampingan Gizi Spesifik dan Perilaku Ibu dalam Pola Asuh Anak Stunting Usia 6-24 Bulan

Background: From pregnancy, until the child is two years old, it is a prone period for stunting due to inadequate nutritional care at the family level. Mothers' ability in parenting and child health will affect their nutritional status and health, especially mothers who have stunted children. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of specific nutrition assistance (SNA) through empowering cadres to change the behavior (knowledge, attitudes, practices) of mothers who have stunted children aged 6-24 months.Method: The research used a quasi-experiment with pre-post design with a control group. The research was conducted in Bengkulu Utara (BU) District and Timur Tengah Selatan (TTS) District. The intervention group received SNA for six months (June-November 2019) by Posyandu cadres and health workers. The control group received standard services from the Health Center or the Posyandu. Whilst, the intervention group received nutrition and health counseling during home visits. Mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in parenting and child health nutrition were measured as dependent variables. Sample of 120 mothers with stunted children aged 6-24 months. Data analysis used independent t-test and dependent t-test.Results: The SNA was effective in increasing the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers. The increased knowledge, attitudes, and practices were higher in the intervention group both in BU District (116%) and TTS District (26.33%). In BU District, there was an increase in knowledge (116%), attitude (40%), and practices (20.07%), likewise in TTS District; there was an increase in knowledge (26.33%), attitudes (42.5%), and practices (22.15%) which are significantly different from the increase in the practices of the control group. SNA needs to be carried out continuously to increase mothers' ability in parenting and child health. Therefore, that stunted children can catch up with their height growth.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Wellingbom 2.0 terhadap Kemampuan Suami Mendeteksi Dini Kehamilan Risiko Tinggi

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the health sector. In Kediri, pregnant women have limited access to checking their conditions. Many high-risk pregnancies are happening, especially in the Sukorame area. It makes the family, especially the husband, should pay more attention to his wife’s pregnancy. However, husbands often have no idea about pregnancy, including how to detect early high-risk pregnancy conditions. It often leads to delays in handling this problem. This study aimed to determine the effect of using The Wellingbom 2.0 Application on husbands' ability to detect early high-risk pregnancies.Method: This study used a research and development design with a descriptive and quasi-experiment approach. The population was 100 people. Samples were 80 people using incidental sampling techniques with the inclusion criteria were husbands of pregnant women who live in the working area of Sukorame Health Center and have an android-based smartphone, also they must be able to operate it. The data that have been collected were conducted normality test and then tested using Wilcoxon match pair statistic test by SPSS 16.00. Respondents pretested and were given an application for one week, after which the posttest was done.Results: The result of the normality test showed p-values of 0.004 for pretest and 0.000 for posttest, this indicates abnormally distributed data. Further analyzed using non-parametric sample Wilcoxon 2-paired test showed p-value 0.000, which means Ha accepted. It showed a significant change in respondents' ability to perform early detection to high-risk pregnancy after using the wellingbom 2.0 application. It would be better if husbands were also being educated about high-risk pregnancies to increase their awareness of their wives’ pregnancies.

Penggunaan Kontrasepsi pada Perempuan dengan HIV di Dunia

Background: HIV infection is a public health problem. In 2019, more than 38 million people were living with HIV, and more than 1.7 million people contracted HIV. On the other hand, it was reported that infant morbidity and mortality remained high, with more than 160,000 infants contracting HIV and more than 100,000 dying from AIDS-related causes. Increased access and improved service programs to control HIV transmission from mother to child are in line with the increasing number of pregnant women with HIV. Women with HIV and their partners need to plan carefully before deciding to have children. Women living with HIV and their partners need to take advantage of services that provide information and contraceptive tools to prevent unplanned pregnancies. The study aimed to understand how HIV-infected women chose contraceptives.Method: Search for articles with a systematic review using four databases consisting of Pubmed, Science Direct, Sage, and Emerald Insight with a publication range of 2017-2020. The keywords used were contraceptive use AND HIV women. The inclusion criteria used were women with HIV aged 15-49 years and used a cross-sectional design.Results: The findings indicated that injections, condoms, and implants were the most common methods of contraception used by women with HIV. Motivation for contraceptive use in women with HIV is influenced by age, marital status, knowledge, number of children, education, previous history of contraceptive use, history of childbirth, lack of fertility desires, income, residence, CD4 count, child's HIV status and partner's HIV status.

Keterpaparan Program GenRe (Generasi Berencana) dan Perilaku Pacaran Remaja Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Background: According to Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN), adolescents are aged 10-24 years and are not married. Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) 2018 showed around 58.8% of adolescents aged 10-19 years had been married and had had a pregnancy. The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI) results revealed that risk behavior among male junior and senior high school students was around 8.06%, and female were 4.17%. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the Planning Generation (GenRe) Program knowledge and adolescents’ characteristics with dating experience in East Java Province. Method: This research was a cross-sectional study. Secondary data were collected from the 2019 Program Performance and Accountability Survey (SKAP) and were analyzed descriptively with cross-tabulation and chi-square tests. The risk estimate calculation was also carried out to identify the Odd Ratio (OR). The sample used was 5,300 adolescents in East Java Province after weighting. The research variables consisted of dating behavior in adolescents, age, gender, and adolescents' knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program.Results: The results showed that 41.80% of adolescents in East Java had dated. There was a significant correlation between dating behavior with adolescents’ knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program (P-Value = 0.00). Dating behavior also had a significant correlation with age (P-Value = 0.00) and gender (P-Value = 0.00). This study concluded that there was a correlation between dating behavior in adolescents in East Java Province with age, gender, and adolescents’ knowledge about GenRe, HIV/AIDS, drugs, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STIs), and Adolescent Reproductive Health Program. They were strengthening the GenRe program through the introduction, explanation of program activities, and the process of youth involvement. So far, teenagers only know the name of the GenRe program. This action needs to be applied to prevent negative effects caused by dating behavior, such as premarital sex, unwanted pregnancy, and early marriage.

Evaluasi Kader Pos Kesehatan Pesantren dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Santri

Background: Poskestrens' cadres as the ambassador in improving Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (CHLB) of the students at boarding school. They also could plan and solve the problems that happened at boarding using any available potential resources. However, the CHLB survey at boarding schools conducted by cadres shows that most students at boarding were not interested in doing the CHLB. This study analyses the determinant factors of Poskestren cadres' behaviour to increase CHLB practice at Islamic boarding schools.Method: This research was quantitative and analytical research with a cross-sectional approach. Sixty-seven Poskestren cadres were selected in this study by using a stratified proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.Results: The results show that 52.2% of Poskestren cadres had good behavior in improving CHLB at Islamic boarding schools, and the remaining 48.8 were still less behaviour. The Chi-Square statistical test shows no significant relationship between age, education, facilities, infrastructure availability, and the Poskestren cadres' behaviour. However, there was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, encouragement from health workers, motivation from the boarding school caregivers, and the Poskestren cadres' behaviour. The most substantial relationship of this study was the knowledge of Poskestren cadres (p value = 0.000, OR = 16,500). This study suggests that health workers' encouragement by providing virtual-based counseling to the cadres needs to be conducted to improve the Poskestrens cadres' knowledge and attitudes to CHLB.

ILMe (I Love Me): Psikoedukasi tentang Persepsi Citra Tubuh pada Siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas

Background: Nutrition status among girls is becoming a severe concern for preventing undernutrition in their future pregnancy. Since they experience many physical changes during adolescence, some girls will feel dissatisfied with their own body. This feeling may lead to negative body image, which is a long time will impact health status. The research aimed to facilitate psychoeducation and analyze the improvements towards the senior high school girls’ perception of body image in Palembang.Method: A quasi-experimental study design was employed in the research with a non-equivalent control group. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, divided into intervention (n=18) and control (n=19) groups. All steps of the research were carried out online because of pandemic COVID-19. The questionnaire was given via Google form, while the three psychoeducation sessions were given through Zoom Meetings. Data were analyzed using Paired T-test (intervention) and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (control).Results: Most of the participants are 16 years old (40%), first-grade students (46%), and go to public school (67%). The mean score of both groups is decreased, which indicate their perception of body image is changed positively. However, there was no significant mean difference of the perception before and after treatment, either intervention (p-value 0.632) or control group (p-value 0.494). By the psychoeducation session, some participants already tried to share their feelings and problems related to their bodies, mostly originating from negative opinions given by peers. Girls should be motivated to love themselves through psychoeducation sessions with longer duration or more frequency to generate a positive body image.

Permainan Edukatif untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Siswa Pramuka Sekolah Dasar

Background: In 2016, the number of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) patients in Southeast Sulawesi has reported as much as 3,433 cases with IR 132.50 per 100,000 populations. The highest case incidence in Kendari reached 1,093 cases (IR = 372.80 per 100,000 population) with the highest cases in the age group 5-14 years reaching 44.9%. This study aims to examine the effect of snake-ladders modification game, as an educative game, for improving DHF prevention in terms of attitudes and behavior of scout students in elementary school.Method: The study is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest group design by using purposive sampling. The subject is 50 students of Primary School Scouts in the working area of Puskesmas Poasia, Kendari City. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: There is an increase of knowledge (p < 0,001), attitudes (p < 0,001), and practices (p < 0,001) of primary school students in the prevention of DHF by providing educational game through snake-ladders modification. It recommends that educational game needs to be developed for health education in elementary students.