scholarly journals Anionic Polymerization Using Flow Microreactors

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
Aiichiro Nagaki
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Polymer Chemistry ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Coordination Polymerization ◽  
Flow Microreactor ◽  
Extensive Flow ◽  
Flow Microreactors

Flow microreactors are expected to make a revolutionary change in chemical synthesis involving various fields of polymer synthesis. In fact, extensive flow microreactor studies have opened up new possibilities in polymer chemistry including cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization, radical polymerization, coordination polymerization, polycondensation and ring-opening polymerization. This review provides an overview of flow microreactors in anionic polymerization and their various applications.

Formation of polyoxazoline-silica nanoparticles via the surface-initiated cationic polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (32) ◽  
pp. 5157-5168 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bissadi ◽  
R. Weberskirch
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Silica Hybrid

The fabrication of silica hybrid nanoparticles by a surface-initiated cationic ring-opening polymerization of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)s has been described.

scholarly journals Anionic Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone Initiated with Sodium Phenoxides. The Effect of the Initiator Basicity/Nucleophilicity on the ROP Mechanism

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Domiński ◽  
Tomasz Konieczny ◽  
Magdalena Zięba ◽  
Magdalena Klim ◽  
Piotr Kurcok
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Elimination Reaction ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Acidic Proton ◽  
End Groups ◽  
Anionic Ring

It was shown that selected sodium phenoxide derivatives with different basicity and nucleophilicity, such as sodium p-nitrophenoxide, p-chlorophenoxide, 1-napthoxide, phenoxide and p-methoxyphenoxide, are effective initiators in anionic ring-opening polymerization (AROP) of β-butyrolactone in mild conditions. It was found that phenoxides as initiators in anionic ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone behave as strong nucleophiles, or weak nucleophiles, as well as Brønsted bases. The resulting polyesters possessing hydroxy, phenoxy and crotonate initial groups are formed respectively by the attack of phenoxide anion at (i) C2 followed by an elimination reaction with hydroxide formation, (ii) C4 and (iii) abstraction of acidic proton at C3. The obtained poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) possesses carboxylate growing species. The ratio of the observed initial groups strongly depends on the basicity and nucleophilicity of the sodium phenoxide derivative used as initiator. The proposed mechanism of this polymerization describes the reactions leading to formation of observed end groups. Moreover, the possibility of formation of a crotonate group during the propagation step of this polymerization is also discussed.

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