scholarly journals Plasma Kinetics of Choline and Choline Metabolites After A Single Dose of SuperbaBoostTM Krill Oil or Choline Bitartrate in Healthy Volunteers

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Mödinger ◽  
Christiane Schön ◽  
Manfred Wilhelm ◽  
Petter-Arnt Hals
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Krill Oil ◽  
Choline Bitartrate ◽  
Water Soluble Compound ◽  
Free Choline ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Kinetics Of

As an essential nutrient, the organic water-soluble compound choline is important for human health. Choline is required for numerous biological processes, including the synthesis of neurotransmitters, and it is an important prerequisite for structural integrity and the functioning of cells. A choline-rich diet provides crucial choline sources, yet additional choline dietary supplements might be needed to fully meet the body’s requirements. Dependent on the structure of choline in different sources, absorption and metabolism may differ and strongly impact the bioavailability of circulating choline. This study in healthy volunteers aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics of free choline and of selected choline metabolites between the single dose intake of phosphatidylcholine, present in SuperbaBoostTM krill oil, and choline bitartrate salt. Results demonstrate that albeit free choline levels in plasma were comparable between both choline sources, peak choline concentration was reached significantly later upon intake of SuperbaBoostTM. Moreover, the occurrence of choline metabolites differed between the study products. Levels of the biologically important metabolites betaine and dimethylglycine (DMG) were higher, while levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were substantially lower upon intake of SuperbaBoostTM compared to choline bitartrate.

Single-dose and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of etintidine in healthy volunteers

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. -M. Huang ◽  
T. B. Marriott ◽  
H. S. Weintraub ◽  
J. D. Arnold ◽  
J. Boccagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Multiple Dose Pharmacokinetics

scholarly journals Combined Supplementation of Choline and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy Enhances Neurodevelopment of Fetal Hippocampus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huban Thomas Rajarethnem ◽  
Kumar Megur Ramakrishna Bhat ◽  
Malsawmzuali Jc ◽  
Siva Kumar Gopalkrishnan ◽  
Ramesh Babu Mugundhu Gopalram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Fetal Brain Development ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Combined Supplementation ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

Choline is an essential nutrient for humans which plays an important role in structural integrity and signaling functions. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid, highly enriched in cell membranes of the brain. Dietary intake of choline or DHA alone by pregnant mothers directly affects fetal brain development and function. But no studies show the efficacy of combined supplementation of choline and DHA on fetal neurodevelopment. The aim of the present study was to analyze fetal neurodevelopment on combined supplementation of pregnant dams with choline and DHA. Pregnant dams were divided into five groups: normal control [NC], saline control [SC], choline [C], DHA, and C + DHA. Saline, choline, and DHA were given as supplements to appropriate groups of dams. NC dams were undisturbed during entire gestation. On postnatal day (PND) 40, brains were processed for Cresyl staining. Pups from choline or DHA supplemented group showed significant (p<0.05) increase in number of neurons in hippocampus when compared to the same in NC and SC groups. Moreover, pups from C + DHA supplemented group showed significantly higher number of neurons (p<0.001) in hippocampus when compared to the same in NC and SC groups. Thus combined supplementation of choline and DHA during normal pregnancy enhances fetal hippocampal neurodevelopment better than supplementation of choline or DHA alone.

Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Gonococcal Urethritis with a Single Dose Water-Soluble Penicillin Preparation

1948 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 958-963
Author(s):  
Leo Loewe ◽  
Theodore Rosenthal ◽  
William Leifer ◽  
Perry Katzen ◽  
Harold B. Eiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis

Effects of single dose of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and lorazepam on psychomotor performance and subjective feelings in healthy volunteers

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 821-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Ferrara ◽  
R. Giorgetti ◽  
S. Zancaner ◽  
R. Orlando ◽  
A. Tagliabracci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Psychomotor Performance ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid

scholarly journals Mixing state and compositional effects on CCN activity and droplet growth kinetics of size-resolved CCN in an urban environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 10239-10255 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Padró ◽  
R. H. Moore ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
N. Rastogi ◽  
R. J. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Droplet Growth ◽  
Mixing State ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Activation Kinetics ◽  
Aerosol Mixing State ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Ccn Activity

Abstract. Aerosol composition and mixing state near anthropogenic sources can be highly variable and can challenge predictions of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The impacts of chemical composition on CCN activation kinetics is also an important, but largely unknown, aspect of cloud droplet formation. Towards this, we present in-situ size-resolved CCN measurements carried out during the 2008 summertime August Mini Intensive Gas and Aerosol Study (AMIGAS) campaign in Atlanta, GA. Aerosol chemical composition was measured by two particle-into-liquid samplers measuring water-soluble inorganic ions and total water-soluble organic carbon. Size-resolved CCN data were collected using the Scanning Mobility CCN Analysis (SMCA) method and were used to obtain characteristic aerosol hygroscopicity distributions, whose breadth reflects the aerosol compositional variability and mixing state. Knowledge of aerosol mixing state is important for accurate predictions of CCN concentrations and that the influence of an externally-mixed, CCN-active aerosol fraction varies with size from 31% for particle diameters less than 40 nm to 93% for accumulation mode aerosol during the day. Assuming size-dependent aerosol mixing state and size-invariant chemical composition decreases the average CCN concentration overprediction (for all but one mixing state and chemical composition scenario considered) from over 190–240% to less than 20%. CCN activity is parameterized using a single hygroscopicity parameter, κ, which averages to 0.16 ± 0.07 for 80 nm particles and exhibits considerable variability (from 0.03 to 0.48) throughout the study period. Particles in the 60–100 nm range exhibited similar hygroscopicity, with a κ range for 60 nm between 0.06–0.076 (mean of 0.18 ± 0.09). Smaller particles (40 nm) had on average greater κ, with a range of 0.20–0.92 (mean of 0.3 ± 0.12). Analysis of the droplet activation kinetics of the aerosol sampled suggests that most of the CCN activate as rapidly as calibration aerosol, suggesting that aerosol composition exhibits a minor (if any) impact on CCN activation kinetics.

Single-dose kinetics of deuterium-labelled cannabidiol in man after smoking and intravenous administration

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agneta Ohlsson ◽  
Jan-Erik Lindgren ◽  
Susanne Andersson ◽  
Stig Agurell ◽  
Hampton Gillespie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Kinetics Of
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