scholarly journals Atelerix algirus, the North African Hedgehog: Suitable Wild Host for Infected Ticks and Fleas and Reservoir of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Tunisia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Ghofrane Balti ◽  
Clemence Galon ◽  
Moufida Derghal ◽  
Hejer Souguir ◽  
Souheila Guerbouj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Arthropod Vectors ◽  
The North ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Rickettsia Massiliae ◽  
Vector Borne

Small wild mammals are an important element in the emergence and transmission of vector-borne pathogens (VBPs). Among these species, hedgehogs have been found to be a reservoir of VBPs and host of arthropod vectors. Surveillance of VBPs in wildlife and their arthropods are crucial in a one health context. We conducted an exploratory study to screen Atelerix algirus hedgehogs and their infesting ticks and fleas for VBPs using a high throughput microfluidic real-time PCR system. Tested biopsies from hedgehogs were found to be naturally infected by Theileria youngi, Hepatozoon sp., Ehrlichia ewingii, Coxiella burnetii, and Candidatus Ehrlichia shimanensis. Similarly, Haemaphysalis erinacei and Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick species were infected by Ehrlichia ewingii, Rickettsia spp., Rickettsia massiliae, Borrelia sp., Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia lusitaniae and Anaplasma sp. Archaeopsylla erinacei fleas were infected by Rickettsia asembonensis, Coxiella burnetii, and Rickettsia massiliae. Co-infections by two and three pathogens were detected in hedgehogs and infesting ticks and fleas. The microfluidic real-time PCR system enabled us not only to detect new and unexpected pathogens, but also to identify co-infections in hedgehogs, ticks, and fleas. We suggest that hedgehogs may play a reservoir role for VBPs in Tunisia and contribute to maintaining enzootic pathogen cycles via arthropod vectors.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Ghania Boularias ◽  
Naouelle Azzag ◽  
Clemence Galon ◽  
Ladislav Šimo ◽  
Henri-Jean Boulouis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Rickettsia Massiliae ◽  
Hematophagous Arthropods

Ixodid ticks are hematophagous arthropods considered to be prominent ectoparasite vectors that have a negative impact on cattle, either through direct injury or via the transmission of several pathogens. In this study, we investigated the molecular infection rates of numerous tick-borne pathogens in ticks sampled on cattle from the Kabylia region, northeastern Algeria, using a high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR system. A total of 235 ticks belonging to seven species of the genera Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, and Ixodes were sampled on cattle and then screened for the presence of 36 different species of bacteria and protozoans. The most prevalent tick-borne microorganisms were Rickettsia spp. at 79.1%, followed by Francisella-like endosymbionts (62.9%), Theileria spp. (17.8%), Anaplasma spp. (14.4%), Bartonella spp. (6.8%), Borrelia spp. (6.8%), and Babesia spp. (2.5%). Among the 80.4% of ticks bearing microorganisms, 20%, 36.6%, 21.7%, and 2.1% were positive for one, two, three, and four different microorganisms, respectively. Rickettsia aeschlimannii was detected in Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma detritum, and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. Rickettsia massiliae was found in Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Rickettsiamonacensis and Rickettsia helvetica were detected in Ixodesricinus. Anaplasma marginale was found in all identified tick genera, but Anaplasma centrale was detected exclusively in Rhipicephalus spp. ticks. The DNA of Borrelia spp. and Bartonella spp. was identified in several tick species. Theileria orientalis was found in R. bursa, R. sanguineus, H. detritum, H. marginatum, and I. ricinus and Babesia bigemina was found in Rhipicephalus annulatus and R. sanguineus. Our study highlights the importance of tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Algeria.

scholarly journals Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens of Dogs and Cats in Two Regions of Saudi Arabia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alanazi ◽  
Abdulaziz S. Alouffi ◽  
Mohamed S. Alyousif ◽  
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani ◽  
Hend H. A. M. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
First Time

Dogs and cats play an important role as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens, yet reports of canine and feline vector-borne diseases in Saudi Arabia are scarce. Blood samples were collected from 188 free-roaming dogs and cats in Asir (70 dogs and 44 cats) and Riyadh (74 dogs), Saudi Arabia. The presence of Anaplasma spp., Bartonella spp., hemotropic Mycoplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp. was detected using a multiplex tandem real-time PCR. PCR-positive samples were further examined with specific conventional and real-time PCR followed by sequencing. Dogs from Riyadh tested negative for all pathogens, while 46 out of 70 dogs (65.7%) and 17 out of 44 cats (38.6%) from Asir were positive for at least one pathogen. Positive dogs were infected with Anaplasma platys (57.1%), Babesia vogeli (30%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (15.7%), and Bartonella henselae (1.4%), and cats were infected with Mycoplasma haemofelis (13.6%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (13.6%), B. henselae (9.2%), and A. platys (2.27%), all of which are reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. Co-infection with A. platys and B. vogeli was detected in 17 dogs (24.28%), while coinfections were not detected in cats. These results suggest that effective control and public awareness strategies for minimizing infection in animals are necessary.

Measurement of the antibiotic susceptibility of Coxiella burnetii using real time PCR

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areen Boulos ◽  
Jean-Marc Rolain ◽  
Max Maurin ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility

Evaluation of a Real-Time PCR Assay to Detect Coxiella burnetii

2006 ◽  
Vol 1078 (1) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R KLEE ◽  
H. ELLERBROK ◽  
J. TYCZKA ◽  
T. FRANZ ◽  
B. APPEL
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay

Detection of Anaplasma platys in dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus group ticks by a quantitative real-time PCR

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos ◽  
Maria Stefania Latrofa ◽  
Alessio Giannelli ◽  
Vita Lacasella ◽  
Bronwyn Evelyn Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Anaplasma Platys ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Group

Detection of Coxiella burnetii in placenta and abortion samples from British ruminants using real-time PCR

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (25) ◽  
pp. 965-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Jones ◽  
D. F. Twomey ◽  
S. Hannon ◽  
J. Errington ◽  
G. C. Pritchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr

scholarly journals Identification of Coxiella burnetii in Raw Milk of Livestock Animal in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ashraf Mohabati Mobarez ◽  
Ehsan Mostafavi ◽  
Mohammad Khalili ◽  
Saber Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Dairy Animals

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever in humans and animals. This study aimed to determine the frequency of C. burnetii in milk samples of dairy animals (goats, sheep, and cattle) in some selected regions in Iran, where there is no information about prevalence of C. burnetii. In this study, 162 individual milk samples were collected from 43 farms in three provinces (Tehran, Hamadan, and Mazandaran). Real-time PCR was used for the detection of IS1111a element of C. burnetii. In total, 23 of 162 samples (14.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.65–20.2%) were positive for C. burnetii by real-time PCR. C. burnetii was detected in 10.17% (95% CI: 4.74–20.46) of goat milk samples. In sheep milk samples, 18.6% (95% CI: 9.74–32.62) were positive, and C. burnetii was detected in 15% (95% CI: 8.1–26.11) of cattle milk samples. Molecular evidence of the presence of C. burnetii was seen in milk samples of dairy animals in all the studied regions. These findings demonstrated that C. burnetii infection, especially in raw milk samples, deserves more attention from the health care system and veterinary organization in Iran.

scholarly journals Upscaling the Surveillance of Tick-Borne Pathogens in the French Caribbean Islands

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Gondard ◽  
Sabine Delannoy ◽  
Valérie Pinarello ◽  
Rosalie Aprelon ◽  
Elodie Devillers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Ehrlichia Ruminantium ◽  
Vector Borne Disease ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Vector Borne

Despite the high burden of vector-borne disease in (sub)tropical areas, few information are available regarding the diversity of tick and tick-borne pathogens circulating in the Caribbean. Management and control of vector-borne disease require actual epidemiological data to better assess and anticipate the risk of (re)emergence of tick-borne diseases in the region. To simplify and reduce the costs of such large-scale surveys, we implemented a high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR system suitable for the screening of the main bacterial and parasitic genera involved in tick-borne disease and potentially circulating in the area. We used the new screening tool to perform an exploratory epidemiological study on 132 adult specimens of Amblyomma variegatum and 446 of Rhipicephalus microplus collected in Guadeloupe and Martinique. Not only the system was able to detect the main pathogens of the area—Ehrlichia ruminantium, Rickettsia africae, Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis—but the system also provided evidence of unsuspected microorganisms in Caribbean ticks, belonging to the Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Borrelia and Leishmania genera. Our study demonstrated how high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR technology can assist large-scale epidemiological studies, providing a rapid overview of tick-borne pathogen and microorganism diversity, and opening up new research perspectives for the epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens.

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