scholarly journals Generative Mechanisms for Scientific Knowledge Transfer in the Food Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 955
Author(s):  
Karla Zimpel-Leal ◽  
Fiona Lettice
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Generative Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Transfer

This paper investigates the generative mechanisms for scientific knowledge transfer in the food industry, addressing the sustainability of knowledge transfer projects related to health, safety and regulation. Different levels of analysis examine structure, agency and interactions within a multilevel framework. The main research questions are: (1) what are the key generative mechanisms within science–industry knowledge transfer? and (2) what are the implications of these mechanisms to policy? This research applies explaining-outcome process-tracing by investigating different knowledge transfer projects, utilising empirical data from 52 in-depth interviews with food scientists and food SMEs, 17 supporting documents and 16 observations. Systematic combining is used to develop a narrative from empirical data, where the evidence leads to the formation of the most plausible explanation. This is followed by the abstraction of mechanisms which are then matched to a suitable theoretical framework. The results from the study show a range of predominant mechanisms that drove scientific knowledge transfer including nonpecuniary incentives, reputation, opportunity, instrumental rationality, self-interest, strategic calculation, aggregation, learning and adaptive self-regulation. The overall conclusion is that the construction of relationships based around social norms, autonomy and relatedness are more dominant than those focused on financial incentives or transaction cost theories.

scholarly journals THE INTERACTIVE MODEL OF THE STATE REGULATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF ITS INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1(78)) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
O.Yu. BILOUS
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights Protection ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Transfer

Topicality. In modern conditions, science and technology play a decisive role in the effective development of the economies of advanced countries. At the same time, in Ukraine during the years of independence science has lost its influence on socio-economic development due to the lack of an effective system of converting research results into concrete economic achievements, and the state's inability to create the necessary conditions and incentives for knowledge transfer.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy as a basis for developing practical recommendations for state regulation in this sphere, in the conditions of transition to the knowledge economy.Research results. The conceptual base of the interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy is substantiated. In particular, the characteristics of the knowledge economy that determine the features of state regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer, namely, the emphasis on the dissemination of knowledge, not on their creation; resource approach to knowledge, and their focus on action. The classification of types of knowledge in the knowledge economy is given, and the special role of implicit knowledge is emphasized, which requires direct contact for its transfer or active participation and presence of persons who possess it. The models of the innovation process in the knowledge economy are considered and the predominance of the interactive model of innovations is shown, according to which the innovation arises as a result of interaction between knowledge producers and consumers of knowledge, which exchange both with codified and implicit knowledge.An interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy has been developed and its distinction from the linear model of scientific knowledge transfer has been shown. Approaches to the state regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer have been formed, according to linear and interactive models based on the concept of "market failures".Conclusion. State regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy of Ukraine should move away from a narrow understanding of this activity as the commercialization of technology, and reduction of regulatory measures in this area to intellectual property rights protection and "technology push" measures. There is a need for a broader understanding of knowledge transfer as an interactive process involving interaction between different stakeholders, and state regulation in this area should be aimed at mitigation the risks associated with the coordination and network failure of knowledge transfer actors; funding infrastructure and activities aimed at stimulating interaction between knowledge transfer stakeholders, encouraging the exchange and joint creation of knowledge.

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