scholarly journals THE INTERACTIVE MODEL OF THE STATE REGULATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A FACTOR OF ITS INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1(78)) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
O.Yu. BILOUS
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights Protection ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Transfer

Topicality. In modern conditions, science and technology play a decisive role in the effective development of the economies of advanced countries. At the same time, in Ukraine during the years of independence science has lost its influence on socio-economic development due to the lack of an effective system of converting research results into concrete economic achievements, and the state's inability to create the necessary conditions and incentives for knowledge transfer.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy as a basis for developing practical recommendations for state regulation in this sphere, in the conditions of transition to the knowledge economy.Research results. The conceptual base of the interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy is substantiated. In particular, the characteristics of the knowledge economy that determine the features of state regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer, namely, the emphasis on the dissemination of knowledge, not on their creation; resource approach to knowledge, and their focus on action. The classification of types of knowledge in the knowledge economy is given, and the special role of implicit knowledge is emphasized, which requires direct contact for its transfer or active participation and presence of persons who possess it. The models of the innovation process in the knowledge economy are considered and the predominance of the interactive model of innovations is shown, according to which the innovation arises as a result of interaction between knowledge producers and consumers of knowledge, which exchange both with codified and implicit knowledge.An interactive model of scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy has been developed and its distinction from the linear model of scientific knowledge transfer has been shown. Approaches to the state regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer have been formed, according to linear and interactive models based on the concept of "market failures".Conclusion. State regulation of the scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy of Ukraine should move away from a narrow understanding of this activity as the commercialization of technology, and reduction of regulatory measures in this area to intellectual property rights protection and "technology push" measures. There is a need for a broader understanding of knowledge transfer as an interactive process involving interaction between different stakeholders, and state regulation in this area should be aimed at mitigation the risks associated with the coordination and network failure of knowledge transfer actors; funding infrastructure and activities aimed at stimulating interaction between knowledge transfer stakeholders, encouraging the exchange and joint creation of knowledge.

scholarly journals Features of construction of the model socially oriented national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Оlena Golovnya ◽  
Iryna Kinash
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Economic Mechanism

The background of the development of the model of economic development of Ukraine in the context of social orientation has been analyzed taking into account the interdependent influence of the mechanism of market relations and economic policy of the state. It is researched that the economic mechanism of socially oriented market economy contains organizational structure of production (vertical and horizontal), specific forms of functioning of economic system (state and non-state regulation of the market), as well as a specific institutional base (including its legislative component). The constituents of the economic system are entities formed by large economic entities (eg financial corporations). The authors argue that the economic mechanism of a socially oriented national economy is a complex structure and system of interconnections and includes: a) a system of balanced markets; b) public sector of economy; c) large economic structures that fulfill the regulatory role of the state for the economy as a whole and at the same time increase the market sensitivity to medium and long-term programs of its development; d) public sector administrative and production subsystem; e) system of operative state regulation of economy; e) a budget-balancing system with a powerful core; g) regulatory framework governing mid-market processes. The study states that Ukraine, in rather difficult conditions, produces the parameters of its own national model of socio-economic development for the long term. The country has not yet formulated or implemented an effective model of economic development that would fully reflect its national characteristics and interests and become a macroeconomic basis for effective state regulation It is determined that in the conditions of construction of a new model of the national economy the role of non-governmental and charitable organizations is increasing. The role of non-governmental organizations, which represent one of the most optimal legal forms to assist citizens in solving their common problems, upholding common interests, is a compulsory attribute of the model of socially oriented national economy.

scholarly journals The State regulation of Public Procurement in Ukraine in the Context of Reforms and Integration Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (517) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
O. I. Laiko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
International Distribution ◽  
Procurement System ◽  
The Impact

The article is concerned with topical issues of the State regulation of public procurement in Ukraine in the context of reforms and integration processes. The conceptual principles of regulation of the public procurement system have been formulated, taking into account the requirements and challenges of modern processes of reforms of the national economy and the implementation of the European integration vector. The public procurement system is considered as a new institutional unit in the national economy – the market for goods and services to the State-owned institutions and organizations with the involvement of budgetary funds. The significance of the public procurement system for the country’s economy as an environment for financing and implementing entrepreneurial initiatives aimed at creating high-quality goods and services, which is characterized by volumes equal to 15% of GDP, is substantiated. The article is aimed at defining the theoretical-conceptual and applied principles of the State regulation of the public procurement system in Ukraine in the context of efficient implementation of reform goals and taking into account the impact and challenges from the active participation of the national economy in the international distribution of labor in the course of integration processes with the EU countries. The article defines the key directions of the State policy on the regulation of the public procurement system, which include: stimulating the economic development of the entrepreneurial sector and overall economic growth on the basis of sustainability and balance; support for the production of domestic goods and services with high added value; stimulation of production of goods and services using local resources; stimulating the creation by domestic producers of both goods and services of cooperation associations in order to use the opportunities for the distribution of labor to create more competitive products; supporting the formation of an economic basis for the development of territorial and economic entities in the regions of Ukraine. As for the above defined directions of the State regulation of the public procurement system in Ukraine, appropriate measures have been proposed, the implementation of which is expected to contribute to the strengthening of the national economy and does not contradict the provisions of ratified international agreements.

scholarly journals The Recovery of Rural Green Tourism in COVID-19 Conditions as an Instrument for the Renovation of the Agrarian Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (513) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
O. V. Kovalova ◽  
◽  
V. V. Samsonova ◽  
T. O. Gakal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Current System ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Green Tourism

The article proves that modern globalization challenges create unique opportunities for the recovery of rural green tourism, outlining the prospects for its attribution to strategically important sectors of the national economy on the grounds of priority, resilience and responsibility. However, achieving such results is impossible without appropriate organizational and economic provision for the development of infrastructure of enterprises of rural green tourism, where the State-based levers and instruments play a special role, because due to the sudden, unprecedented drop in demand, the travel and tourism sector will require, first of all, financial incentives with regard to support and recovery. The article is aimed at determine the potential for the recovery of green rural tourism in the conditions of COVID-19 as an instrument for the renovation of the agrarian economy. It is specified that the development of normative and legal provision for the activation of economic activity in the sphere of rural green tourism is a basic condition for the formation of a legal framework for the development of this type of tourism and attraction of investments in this industry. The main determinants of infrastructure development of rural green tourism in Ukraine have been identified and priority measures for the development of rural green and gastronomic tourism in rural areas for the future period are proposed. According to the authors, the active development of rural green tourism in Ukraine necessitates the following: carrying out an analysis of the current system of railway communication between cities and adjusting it to the tourist map of the country; increasing the level of responsibility of carriers for their activities and create conditions for safe passage through the territory; to carry out repairs not only of nationally important roads, but to maintain local roads in good condition as well; improving the quality of road infrastructure, with a focus on placing the appropriate identifying signs for both historical tourist sites and objects of rural green tourism; increasing the efficiency of the State regulation in this sphere. Prospects for further research are to determine the feasibility of implementing the world experience of recovering the tourism industry, particularly rural green tourism.

ROLE AND FEATURES OF RESOURCE-SAVING PROCESSES IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF NATIONAL ECONOMY MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
I. P. BOGOMOLOVA ◽  
◽  
E. I. KRIVENKO ◽  
V. N. POPOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Strategic Initiatives ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Approaches

The subject of the research is General trends and changes in the field of resource conservation occurring in the economy at the national level, in the aspect of state regulation. The purpose of the work is to determine the level of resource efficiency of the Russian economy, to formulate the key directions of state policy implementation for activating resource-oriented projects. The basic approaches to the interpretation of the category “resource saving” are worked out, the content essence of the definition is established. The analysis of foreign experience in implementing and supporting resource-saving measures at the state level is carried out. Determined main tasks of implementation of resource-saving policy of the state; developed tools to enhance and regulate the resources; formed and grounded conceptual positions of methodical maintenance of transition of the national economy of Russia to the path of sustainable development.

IMPACTS OF INCREASING FREIGHT RAILWAY TARIFFS ON STATE ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Olha STASIUK ◽  
◽  
Larysa CHMYROVA ◽  
Natalia FEDIAI ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Freight Traffic ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
The Impact

Based on global experience, the article proves the necessity of improving the analysis of regulatory impact of legislative acts, which is the main instrument of state regulation quality assurance. Recent years display the trend of temporal inland traffic freight railway tariffs increase. The last increase was approved by the corresponding Order of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine dd. August 11, 2021 qualified as a regulatory act, which is subject to compulsory regulatory impact analysis according to the Methodology approved at the national level. The national methodology does not provide for assessment of impacts on state economy. In view of this, the assessment was completed for the possible impact of regulatory act work on the state economy according to the methodological approach developed by the State Organization “Institute of the Economy and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, which main point is a more comprehensive and sophisticated quantitative assessment of the direct regulatory impact on the field of economic interest of both citizens, economic entities, state, and the society in general (national economy). The impact assessment of the freight railway tariffs’ increase on national economy followed two perspectives: the possible impact on GDP and the competition within the traffic infrastructure of Ukraine. The contribution of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” into GDP of Ukraine is computed based on freight railway tariffs increase. The article proves that the Order of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine will have the effects on intermodal competition within the transport system of Ukraine through the redistribution of the freight traffic as, on the one hand, certain off-grade freights will be handled by the river and motor transport and, on the other hand, specific 3rd rate class freights will be handled by the rail transport. Such redistribution will have positive effects for the competitive position of rail transport on the inner freight traffic market because the loss of some off-grade freights, which transport is unprofitable, will not have a negative impact on rail facilities.

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