scholarly journals Rapid, Sensitive, and Accurate Point-of-Care Detection of Lethal Amatoxins in Urine

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace S. Bever ◽  
Kenneth D. Swanson ◽  
Elizabeth I. Hamelin ◽  
Michael Filigenzi ◽  
Robert H. Poppenga ◽  
...  

Globally, mushroom poisonings cause about 100 human deaths each year, with thousands of people requiring medical assistance. Dogs are also susceptible to mushroom poisonings and require medical assistance. Cyclopeptides, and more specifically amanitins (or amatoxins, here), are the mushroom poison that causes the majority of these deaths. Current methods (predominantly chromatographic, as well as antibody-based) of detecting amatoxins are time-consuming and require expensive equipment. In this work, we demonstrate the utility of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the rapid detection of amatoxins in urine samples. The LFIA detects as little as 10 ng/mL of α-amanitin (α-AMA) or γ-AMA, and 100 ng/mL of β-AMA in urine matrices. To demonstrate application of this LFIA for urine analysis, this study examined fortified human urine samples and urine collected from exposed dogs. Urine is sampled directly without the need for any pretreatment, detection from urine is completed in 10 min, and the results are read by eye, without the need for specialized equipment. Analysis of both fortified human urine samples and urine samples collected from intoxicated dogs using the LFIA correlated well with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods.

Metabolites ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeganeh Khaniani ◽  
Matthias Lipfert ◽  
Dipanjan Bhattacharyya ◽  
Rolando Perez Pineiro ◽  
Jiamin Zheng ◽  
...  

An improved method to synthesize the highly abundant and biomedically important urinary metabolite 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid (HPHPA) is reported. The modified protocol is based on an indium-mediated sonochemical Reformatsky reaction. The synthesis is a simple two-step route as opposed to a complex four-step route previously reported in the literature that requires specialized equipment, flammable materials, and high-pressure reaction vessels. The described procedure also provides an expedient route to prepare a 13C isotopically labeled HPHPA that can be used as a standard for quantitative LC-MS analysis. This report also illustrates how the synthesized metabolite standard was used to detect and accurately quantify its presence in human urine samples using both NMR and LC-MS techniques.


ACS Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 2079-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Ramirez-Priego ◽  
Daan Martens ◽  
Ayssar A. Elamin ◽  
Pieterjan Soetaert ◽  
Wim Van Roy ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz Göschl ◽  
Günter Gmeiner ◽  
Peter Gärtner ◽  
Georg Stadler ◽  
Valentin Enev ◽  
...  

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 3295-3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sattar Shariati ◽  
Gholamreza Khayatian

A simple and novel portable method for the quantitative measurement of cysteine and homocysteine in human urine samples is presented.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wirobski ◽  
F. S. Schaebs ◽  
F. Range ◽  
S. Marshall-Pescini ◽  
T. Deschner

AbstractOxytocin (OT) promotes pro-sociality, bonding, and cooperation in a variety of species. Measuring oxytocin metabolite (OTM) concentrations in urine or saliva provides intriguing opportunities to study human and animal behaviour with minimal disturbance. However, a thorough validation of analytical methods and an assessment of the physiological significance of these measures are essential. We conducted an analytical validation of a commercial Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA; Arbor OT assay kit) to measure OTM concentrations in dog, wolf, and human urine samples. To test the assay’s ability to detect changes in OTM concentrations, we administered oxytocin intranasally to 14 dogs. Assay performance with regard to parallelism was acceptable. Assay accuracy and extraction efficiency for dog and wolf samples were comparable to a previously validated assay (Enzo OT assay kit) but variation was smaller for human samples. Binding sensitivity and antibody specificity were better in the Arbor assay. Average OTM concentrations were more than twice as high as in comparable samples measured with the Enzo assay, highlighting a lack of comparability of absolute values between different assays. Changes in OTM concentrations after intranasal treatment were detected reliably. The Arbor assay met requirements of a “fit-for-purpose” validation with improvement of several parameters compared to the Enzo assay.


2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (20) ◽  
pp. 3400-3406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongzhi Ye ◽  
Shifei Xia ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Lishuang Yu ◽  
Xueqin Xu ◽  
...  

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